Empress Xiaozhaoren
Empress Xiaozhaoren (1653 – 18 March 1678), of the Manchu Bordered Yellow Banner Niohuru clan, was a consort of the Kangxi Emperor. She was one year his senior.
Empress Xiaozhaoren | |||||
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Empress consort of Qing | |||||
Tenure | 18 September 1677 – 18 March 1678 | ||||
Predecessor | Empress Xiaochengren | ||||
Successor | Empress Xiaoyiren | ||||
Born | 1653 (順治十年) | ||||
Died | 18 March 1678 24–25) (康熙十七年 二月 二十六日) Palace of Earthly Tranquility | (aged||||
Burial | Jing Mausoleum, Eastern Qing tombs | ||||
Spouse | |||||
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House | Niohuru (鈕祜祿; by birth) Aisin Gioro (by marriage) |
Empress Xiaozhaoren | |||||||
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Chinese name | |||||||
Traditional Chinese | 孝昭仁皇后 | ||||||
Simplified Chinese | 孝昭仁皇后 | ||||||
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Manchu name | |||||||
Manchu script | ᡥᡳᠶᠣᠣᡧᡠᠩᡤᠠ ᡤᡝᠩᡤᡳᠶᡝᠨ ᡤᠣᠰᡳᠨ ᡥᡡᠸᠠᠩᡥᡝᠣ | ||||||
Romanization | hiyoošungga genggiyen gosin hūwangheo |
Life
Empress Xiaozhaoren's personal name was not recorded in history.
Family background
- Father: Ebilun (d. 1673), served as one of the Four Regents of the Kangxi Emperor, and held the title of a first class duke (一等公)
- Paternal grandfather: Eidu (1562–1621)
- Paternal grandmother: Aisin Gioro Mukushen (穆庫什; 1595–1659), Nurhaci's fourth daughter
- Mother: Ms.Šušu Gioro
- Seven brothers
- Seventh younger brother: Alingga (1670–1716)
- One elder sister and four younger sisters
- Third younger sister: Noble Consort Wenxi (d. 1694)
Kangxi era
In 1665, Lady Niohuru entered the Forbidden City and became a mistress of the Kangxi Emperor. Lady Niohuru did not receive any rank or title initially. After the Kangxi Emperor's first empress consort, Empress Xiaochengren, died on 6 June 1674, the Kangxi Emperor did not elevate any of his consorts to the position of Empress to replace her. On 18 September 1677, Lady Niohuru was first mentioned in official histories when the Kangxi Emperor instated her as his new Empress. As Empress, Lady Niohuru was in charge of the emperor's harem. She died on 18 March 1678 and was interred in the Jing Mausoleum of the Eastern Qing tombs alongside Empress Xiaochengren.
Titles
- During the reign of the Shunzhi Emperor (r. 1643–1661):
- Lady Niohuru (from 1653)
- During the reign of the Kangxi Emperor (r. 1661–1722):
- During the reign of the Yongzheng Emperor (r. 1722–1735):
- Empress Xiaozhaoren (孝昭仁皇后; from July 1723[3])
See also
- Ranks of imperial consorts in China#Qing
- Royal and noble ranks of the Qing dynasty
Notes
- 康熙十六年 八月 二十二日
- 康熙十七年 閏三月 二十一日
- 雍正元年 六月
References
- Niuhulu jiapu 鈕祜祿家譜 [Genealogy of the Niohuru Clan] (in Chinese).
- Qinggong dang'an 清宮檔案 [Archives of the Qing Palace] (in Chinese).
- Qing huangshi sipu 清皇室四譜 [Four Genealogies of the Qing Imperial Clan] (in Chinese).
- Du, Jiaji. "清代《玉牒》中的滿族史資料及其價值 [Materials on Manchu History in the Qing Dynasty's "Imperial Genealogy" and Their Value]". Liu Chaishao de boke 刘柴烧的博客 [Liu Chaishao's Blog] (in Chinese). Chinese Social History Research Centre, School of History, Nankai University. Retrieved 8 August 2016.
- Wan, Yi; Shuqing, Wang; Yanzhen, Lu; Scott, Rosemary E. (1988). Daily Life in the Forbidden City: The Qing Dynasty, 1644-1912 (Illustrated ed.). Viking. ISBN 0670811645.
- Zhao, Erxun (1928). Draft History of Qing (Qing Shi Gao) (in Chinese).
Chinese royalty | ||
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Preceded by Empress Xiaochengren |
Empress of China 18 September 1677 – 18 March 1678 |
Succeeded by Empress Xiaoyiren |