Ecological station (Brazil)

An ecological station (Portuguese: Estação Ecológica) in Brazil is a type of protected area of Brazil as defined by the National System of Conservation Units (SNUC). The purpose is to preserve untouched representative samples of the different biomes in Brazil.

Ilha do Sambaqui. Guaraqueçaba Bay

Objectives and restrictions

In the 1970s the Special Secretariat of the Environment under the environmentalist Paulo Nogueira Neto launched a program of estações ecológicas (ecological stations) with the aim of establishing a network of reserves that would protect representative samples of all Brazilian ecosystems.[1] The objective of an ecological station is to preserve nature and conduct scientific research. It establishes the right of eminent domain, with the private areas included in its boundaries requiring expropriation. In these areas, public visitation is prohibited, except for educational purposes, in accordance with the provisions of the Management Plan of the unit or specific regulation, and scientific research depends on previous authorization from the body responsible for the administration of the unit and is subject to the conditions and restrictions established by this body.[2]

Changes to the environment in an ecological station are allowed to restore modified ecosystems, to manage species so as to preserve biodiversity and to collect specimens for scientific purposes. Changes are also allowed to conduct scientific research that affects the environment more than observation or collection, but in no more 1,500 hectares (3,700 acres) or than or a maximum of 3% of the total area of the ecological station, whichever is smaller.[3]

Selected list of ecological stations
NameStateArea (ha)LevelCreatedBiome
AcauãMinas Gerais3,195State1974Atlantic Forest
Águas do CuiabáMato Grosso11,328State2002Cerrado
Águas EmendadasFederal District9,181State1968Cerrado
AiuabaCeará11,525Federal2001Caatinga
Alto MauésAmazonas668,160Federal2014Amazon
AngatubaSão Paulo1,394State1985Atlantic Forest
Aracuri-EsmeraldaRio Grande do Sul277Federal1981Atlantic Forest
BananalSão Paulo884State1987Atlantic Forest
Banhados de IguapeSão Paulo16,588State2006Atlantic Forest
Barreiro RicoSão Paulo293State2006Atlantic Forest
CaetetusSão Paulo2,254State1977Atlantic Forest
CaracaraíRoraima86,793Federal1982Amazon
CarijósSanta Catarina759Federal1987Coastal Marine
CastanhãoCeará12,579Federal2001Caatinga
ChauásSão Paulo2700State1987Atlantic Forest
CuniãRondônia / Amazonas189,661Federal2001Amazon
Grão-ParáPará4,245,819State2006Amazon
GuanabaraRio de Janeiro1,935Federal2006Coastal marine
GuaraqueçabaParaná4,476Federal1982Coastal Marine
GuaxindibaRio de Janeiro3,160State2002Atlantic Forest
Ilha do MelParaná2,241State1982Coastal Marine
IquêMato Grosso215,969Federal1981Amazon
ItirapinaSão Paulo5,512State1984Atlantic Forest
JariAmapá, Pará227,126Federal1982Amazon
JataíSão Paulo9,010State1982Cerrado
Juami-JapuráAmazonas831,524Federal1985Amazon
Jutaí-SolimõesAmazonas284,285Federal1983Amazon
Juréia-Itatins[4]São Paulo208,505State1986Atlantic Forest
MaracáRoraima103,976Federal1981Amazon
Maracá-JipiocaAmapá60,200Federal1981Amazon
Mata do JacaréSão Paulo75State1987Atlantic Forest
Mata dos AusentesMinas Gerais498State1974Atlantic Forest
Mata PretaSanta Catarina6,566Federal2005Atlantic Forest
Mico Leão PretoSão Paulo5,500Federal2002Atlantic Forest
Mujica NavaRondônia18,281State1996Amazon
MuriciAlagoas6,132Federal2001Atlantic Forest
NiquiáRoraima284,787Federal1985Amazon
ParaísoRio de Janeiro5,000State1987Atlantic Forest
Pau-BrasilBahia1,151State1997Atlantic Forest
Pau-BrasilParaíba82State2002Atlantic Forest
PirapitingaMinas Gerais1,384Federal1987Cerrado
Raso da CatarinaBahia105,300Federal1984Caatinga
Rio AcreAcre77,500Federal1981Amazon
Rio da CascaMato Grosso3,534State1994Amazon
Rio Flor do PradoMato Grosso8,517State2003Amazon
Rio MadeirinhaMato Grosso13,683State1997Amazon
Rio RonuroMato Grosso102,000State1998Amazon
Rio RooseveltMato Grosso96,925State2007Amazon
SamuelRondônia71,061State1989Amazon
SeridóRio Grande do Norte1,163Federal1982Caatinga
Serra das ArarasMato Grosso28,637Federal1982Amazon
Serra dos Três IrmãosRondônia87,412State1990Amazon
Serra Geral do TocantinsBahia, Tocantins716,306Federal2001Amazon
TaiamãMato Grosso11,555Federal1981Amazon
TaimRio Grande do Sul10,939Federal1986Coastal Marine
TamoiosRio de Janeiro9,361Federal1990Coastal Marine
Terra do MeioPará3,373,110Federal2005Amazon
TupinambásSão Paulo2,464Federal1987Coastal Marine
TupiniquinsSão Paulo1,728Federal1986Coastal Marine
UFMGMinas Gerais114Federal1988Cerrado
Uruçui-UnaPiauí135,120Federal1981Cerrado
Wenceslau GuimarãesBahia2,418.00State1997Atlantic Forest
Xitué Ecological StationSão Paulo3,095State1987Atlantic Forest
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References
  1. Estação Ecológica de Taiamã: História – ICMBio.
  2. Figueiredo & Andreazza 1981.
  3. Ecological Station – ISA.
  4. Juréia-Itatins Ecological Station – jureia.com.

Sources
  • Ecological Station, ISA: Instituto Socioambiental, archived from the original on 2016-05-05, retrieved 2016-04-30
  • Estação Ecológica de Taiamã: História (in Portuguese), ICMBio, retrieved 2016-04-18
  • Figueiredo, João; Andreazza, Mário David (27 April 1981), Lei No 6.902, de 27 de Abril de 1981 (PDF) (in Portuguese), Brazil, archived from the original (PDF) on 4 March 2016, retrieved 2016-04-25
  • "Juréia-Itatins Ecological Station", jureia.com (in Portuguese), archived from the original on 2016-06-02, retrieved 2016-04-30
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