David Praporgescu

David Praporgescu (13 December 1865[1][2] – 13 October 1916[3][2]) was a Romanian brigadier general during World War I, who was killed in action at the start of the Battle of the Southern Carpathians.

David Praporgescu
General David Praporgescu
Born	(1865-12-13)December 13, 1865 Turnu Măgurele, Teleorman County, Romania
Died	October 13, 1916(1916-10-13) (aged 50) Câineni, Argeș County, Kingdom of Romania
Buried	Bellu Cemetery, Bucharest
Allegiance	Romanian Army
Service/branch	Infantry
Years of service	1885–1916
Rank	General
Unit	1st Army Corps
Battles/wars	Second Balkan War World War I–Romanian Campaign
Awards	Order of the Crown (Romania), Officer class (1907) Order of the Star of Romania, Officer class (1913) Order of Michael the Brave, 3rd Class (1927)
Alma mater	Cavalry School Higher War School

Biography

Early life

He was born in Turnu Măgurele, Teleorman County, in a peasant family. (Various sources give his birthdate as either December 10 or 13, in either 1865 or 1866.) He went to study in Bucharest, after which he returned to teach at a school in Lița, near his native town. In September 1885 he enlisted as a volunteer soldier in the 11th Călărași Regiment in Botoșani. In 1888, after having reached the rank of sergeant, he was approved to go directly to the graduation exam at the Military School of Infantry and Cavalry in Bucharest; he ranked first out of a graduating class of 100, and was promoted to second lieutenant on October 1, 1888.[2]

Military training and career

For the next two years Praporgescu attended the Cavalry Special School in Bucharest, from which he also graduated as head of promotion. After advancing in rank to lieutenant in 1893, he was sent in 1894 to train at the Cavalry School in Saumur, France, after which he continued with the 5th Dragoon Regiment in Compiègne. Upon his return to Romania, he attended the Higher War School and was promoted to captain in 1898. Between 1902 and 1903, he was sent for another training course with the Austro-Hungarian army. In the following years he advanced in rank to major (1906), lieutenant colonel (1909), and colonel (1912).[2]

Praporgescu taught at military schools, being head of department and professor of cavalry and cavalry weapon tactics at the School of Infantry and Cavalry Officers between 1903–1908, and head of the cavalry tactics department at the Higher War School. During the Second Balkan War of 1913 he commanded the 4th Roșiori Regiment, and in 1915 he took command of the 4th Călărași Brigade. In 1916 he was promoted to brigadier general, and shortly after, on 1 July 1916, he became commanding officer of the 2nd Roșiori Brigade.[2]

World War I

Battle of the Olt Valley (Câineni is in the center)

At the onset of the Romanian Campaign of World War I, Praporgescu was named commander of the 20th Infantry Division, which was part of the Romanian 1st Army, under the command of General Ioan Culcer.[2] The campaign started on 27 August 1916 with the Battle of Transylvania. After the Romanian forces launched an offensive towards Sibiu and defeated the defending Austro-Hungarian troops, a counter-offensive was launched by the 9th German Army under the command of Erich von Falkenhayn. From 26–29 September Praporgescu's troops, including those of the 23rd Division under the command of Colonel Traian Moșoiu, fought tenaciously in the Olt and Topolog valleys, blocking an attempted breakthrough by the Bavarian Alpenkorps.

On 30 September Praporgescu took command of the 1st Army Corps, and participated in several of the skirmishes preceding the Battle of the Southern Carpathians. His 20th Division remained a part of the 1st Army, joining the other two divisions of the 1st Army Corps. By his actions, he infused new courage and energy into his subordinates.[4] On October 13, 1916, during an engagement at the Turnu Roșu Pass, he went to inspect the troops in the Coți Mountains, at the western end of the Făgăraș Mountains, up from Câinenii Mici. While there, he was mortally wounded in the chest by a shrapnel from a stray artillery shell.[3][5] He was buried three days later at Bellu Cemetery, in Bucharest.[3]

Personal life

Praporgescu had a daughter, Maria,[6] and a son, Barbu, who had his own military career, rising to the rank of colonel. In the early 1960s Barbu Praporgescu met and married in Lățești Elena Ilinoiu Codreanu, the widow of Corneliu Zelea Codreanu.[7][8]

Awards

In 1907 Praporgescu was awarded the Order of the Crown, Officer class. For his service during the Second Balkan War he was awarded in 1913 the Order of the Star of Romania, Officer class, and the "Country's Upsurge" Medal. On 2 March 1927 he was awarded posthumously the Order of Michael the Brave, 3rd class, for his bravery and leadership during the campaign of 1916.[9]

Legacy

Postage stamp from 2017 (Scott #7304)

A village in Cerna commune, Tulcea County is named after him, and so is a street in downtown Bucharest, connecting C. A. Rosetti Street to Batiștei Street. Other streets named after Praporgescu can be found in Arad, Brăila, Oradea, Râmnicu Vâlcea, and Turnu Măgurele. There are also high schools in Bucharest and in his native town named after him.[10][11]

A monument in his honor (a cross) was erected in 1924 in Câineni, then in Argeș County, now in Vâlcea County.[2][5] In 1974 a bust of him – work of sculptor Gheorghe Iliescu-Călinești – was unveiled in Turnu Măgurele.[10][12]

In 2017, Poșta Română issued a 4 lei stamp in his honor, part of the "Eternal Glory to the First World War Heroes" series, which also includes Generals Ion Dragalina and Radu R. Rosetti.[1]

References

1. "Comunicat de presă Romfilatelia – Glorie eternă eroilor primului război mondial" (in Romanian). Romanian Radio Press Agency. 13 December 2017. Retrieved 27 May 2020.
2. Ghinea, Cornelia; Burlacu, Ionel. "Împrejurările morții generalului de brigadă David Praporgescu" (PDF) (in Romanian). Retrieved May 27, 2020.
3. Borcea, Ștefan (27 April 2017). "Moartea generalului David Praporgescu, eroul din Munții Coți care a ignorat manualul militarului". Adevărul (in Romanian). Retrieved 27 May 2020.
4. Barrett, Michael B. (2013). Prelude to Blitzkrieg: The 1916 Austro-German Campaign in Romania. Bloomington: Indiana University Press. ISBN 9780253008701. OCLC 858657475.
5. Popa-Radu, Gheorghe. "Muntele Coți, cu urcare din Câineni, pe urmele luptelor din anul 1916, în Munții Făgărașului" (in Romanian). România-natura81. Retrieved 27 May 2020.
6. "Generalul David Praporgescu (1856–1916)". mausoleedinromania.ro (in Romanian). Retrieved May 27, 2020.
7. Stănilă, Ionela. "Ce s-a întâmplat cu soția căpitanului legionarilor, Elena Codreanu, după ce au venit comuniștii". Historia (in Romanian). Retrieved May 27, 2020.
8. Focșa, Daniel (8 June 2007). "Mariana Drăgescu și Escadrila Albă (V)". Ziarul Financiar (in Romanian). Retrieved May 27, 2020.
9. Ministerul de Răsboiu, Anuarul ofițerilor și drapelelor Armatei Române cărora li s-au conferit ordinul „Mihai Viteazul”, Atelierele grafice „Socec & Co”, București, 1930
10. Tucă, Florian; Brezoianu, Constantin (2009). "Eroul de la Câineni – Generalul David Praporgescu" (PDF). România Eroică (in Romanian). 2 (37): 36–37. Retrieved 27 May 2020.
11. "Colegiul Tehnic General David Praporgescu" (in Romanian). 12 May 2009. Retrieved 27 May 2020.
12. "Un simbol al orașului Turnu-Măgurele, bustul generalului David Praporgescu, se distruge pe zi ce trece! Alo, Primăria, se aude?". m.turnucustiri.ro (in Romanian). 23 December 2012. Retrieved 27 May 2020.

• Kirițescu, Constantin (1922). Istoria războiului pentru întregirea României: 1916–1919 (in Romanian). Bucureşti: România Nouă. OCLC 935411585.
• Iosipescu, Vasile; Preda, Gheorghe (1967). Generalul David Praporgescu (in Romanian). Editura Militară. OCLC 15622433.
• Petcu, Ionuț-Constantin (2017). Generalul David Praporgescu: o biografie (1865–1916) (in Romanian). București: Editura Militară. ISBN 978-973-32-1063-4. OCLC 1052464203.