Coproporphyrinogen III

Coproporphyrinogen III is a metabolic intermediate in the biosynthesis of many compounds that are critical for living organisms, such as hemoglobin and chlorophyll. It is a colorless solid.

Coproporphyrinogen III
Names
IUPAC name
3-[8,12,17-tris(2-carboxyethyl)-3,7,13,18-tetramethyl-5,10,15,20,21,22, 23,24-octahydroporphyrin-2-yl]propanoic acid
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
MeSH Coproporphyrinogen+III
Properties
C36H44N4O8 protonated carboxylic acids
Molar mass 660.757 g/mol
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references

The compound is a porphyrinogen, a class of compounds characterized by a hexahydroporphine core with various side chains. The coproporphyrinogens have the outermost hydrogen atoms of the core replaced by four methyl groups −CH
3
(M) and four propionic acid groups −CH
2
−CH
2
−COOH
(P). In coproporphyrogen III, the order around the outer ring is MP-MP-MP-PM. For comparison, coproporphyrinogen I has them in the sequence MP-MP-MP-MP. heme.

Biosynthesis and metabolism

In the main porphyrin biosynthesis pathway, coproporphyrinogen III is derived from uroporphyrinogen III by the action of the enzyme uroporphyrinogen III decarboxylase:

The conversion entails four decarboxylations, which turn the four acetic acid groups −CH
2
−COOH
into methyl groups −CH
3
, with release of four carbon dioxide molecules.[1][2]

Coproporphyrinogen III is further used as a substrate for the enzyme coproporphyrinogen III oxidase which oxidizes and further decarboxylates it to protoporphyrinogen IX.

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References

  1. Paul R. Ortiz de Montellano (2008). "Hemes in Biology". Wiley Encyclopedia of Chemical Biology. John Wiley & Sons. doi:10.1002/9780470048672.wecb221. ISBN 978-0470048672.
  2. Sassa, S.; Kappas, A. (2000). "Molecular aspects of the inherited porphyrias". Journal of Internal Medicine. 247 (2): 169–78. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2796.2000.00618.x. PMID 10692079.
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