Coast Guard Administration (Taiwan)

The Coast Guard Administration of the Ocean Affairs Council (CGA; Chinese: 海洋委員會海巡署; pinyin: Hǎiyángwěiyuánhuì Hǎixúnshǔ; Pe̍h-ōe-jī: Hái-iûⁿ Úi-oân-hōe Hái-sûn-sú), also known as the Taiwan Coast Guard or R.O.C. Coast Guard, is charged with maintaining law and order, protecting the resources of the territorial waters of the Republic of China (Taiwan), which surrounds Taiwan, Penghu, Kinmen, Matsu Islands, Green Island, Orchid Island, Dongsha Islands, and Nansha Islands as well as providing a first line of defense along coastal areas against smugglers and illegal immigrants. The CGA is considered a civilian law enforcement agency under the administration of the Ocean Affairs Council of the Executive Yuan, though during emergencies it may be incorporated as part of the Republic of China Armed Forces.[4]

Coast Guard Administration
海巡署
Hǎixúnshǔ (Mandarin)
Hói-sùn-su (Hakka)
Logo of the Coast Guard Administration
Flag
AbbreviationCGA
Agency overview
FormedFebruary 1, 2000
Employees13,061 (2015)[1]
Jurisdictional structure
National agencyTaiwan
Operations jurisdictionTaiwan
Constituting instrument
  • The Coast Guard Act[2]
Specialist jurisdiction
  • Coastal patrol, marine border protection, marine search and rescue.
Operational structure
HeadquartersWenshan, Taipei
Agency executives
Parent agencyOcean Affairs Council
Website
www.cga.gov.tw
102 Wei Hsung, a 1,800-ton patrol vessel built for Coast Guard Administration

Organization

The Coast Guard Administration is headed by one minister and three deputy ministers. The CGA includes eight departments, one office and five task forces, as well as a Maritime Patrol Directorate General and a Coastal Patrol Directorate General. Its jurisdiction covers the waters surrounding Kinmen, Matsu, Penghu, and the main island of Taiwan to ensure proper protection of the 1,819.8 kilometers coastline and 540,000 square kilometers of "Blue Territory," which is 15 times larger than the island of Taiwan.[5]

Maritime Patrol Directorate General

The Maritime Patrol Directorate General is responsible for all maritime patrols and operations at sea.[5][6]

  • 1 - 16th Offshore Flotillas
  • Northern, Southern, Central, and Eastern Flotilla Sectors

Coastal Patrol Directorate General

The Coastal Patrol Directorate General is responsible for land based operations, primarily the patrolling of harbors, beaches and other coastal areas.[5][6]

  • Northern, Southern, Central, and Eastern Coastal Patrol Offices

Special Task Unit

The Special Task Unit is an elite special forces unit of the CGA similar to the Military Police Special Services Company or the National Police Agency’s Thunder Squad.[7] During the 36th annual Han Kuang exercises they participated alongside special operations units from other branches in anti-decapitation drills.[8]

Scope

Article two of the Coast Guard Law splits the responsibilities of the CGA into three zones, their core area (Shoreline to the end of the Exclusive Economic Zone), Waters temporarily or tentatively within the area of law enforcement, and International waters fisheries patrol.[9]

Core area

This includes all land within 500 meters of the high tide line, Territorial waters (extending 12 nm from shoreline), the Contiguous zone (extending 24 nm from shore), and the Exclusive Economic Zone (extending 200 nm from shore).[9]

Waters temporarily or tentatively within the area of law enforcement

These are waters within the Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) were Taiwanese EEZs overlap with those of neighboring nations "where negotiations for delimitation have not yet reached a consensus."[9]

International waters

The CGA conducts fisheries patrols in international waters, particularly the north and midwest Pacific Ocean.[9]

History
Coast Guard Administration building.
CGA Cutter engaged in an inter-agency counter-hybrid warfare exercise

The CGA was established on 1 February 2000,[10] combining the Coast Guard Command (formerly under the Ministry of Defense), the Marine Police Bureau (formerly under the National Police Administration, Ministry of Interior), and several cutters from the Taiwan Directorate General of Customs, Ministry of Finance. The CGA formally unifies coastal and maritime law enforcement agencies.[11]

It has seen a great deal of action for a young agency, participating in numerous search and rescue and anti-smuggling operations. The Coast Guard Administration was also recently involved in escorting Taiwanese fishing boats into waters disputed with Japan claimed by both sides as part of their exclusive economic zones.[6]

In May 2019 the CGA detained two Chinese fishing vessels for illegally fishing inside Taiwan's territorial waters. One vessel was 0.4 nautical miles off Taiwanese shores while the other was 2.1 nautical miles offshore.[12]

In May 2019 the CGA rescued six fishermen aboard a burning boat nineteen miles offshore.[13] Five fisherman were picked up by cutter while the most seriously injured was airlifted to hospital by helicopter. All fishermen survived the ordeal although three required hospitalization.[14]

On March 1 2020 three coast guard cutters clearing illegal fishing nets off Little Kinmen island were attacked by Chinese fishing boats which had to be repelled with warning shots from a shotgun.[15]

On March 16 2020 the patrol boats CP-1022 and CP-2006 of the 9th Offshore Flotilla based on Kinmen were attacked by ten Chinese speedboats. They had been assisting a Kinmen County Government Fisheries Research Institute patrol boat in clearing fishing nets illegally left in Taiwanese waters by Chinese fishermen when they came under attack from the men in speedboats throwing rocks and bottles. During the incident CP-1022 was rammed at speed and lost the function of two of their three engines and its hull was damaged.[15] The CGA responded to the attack using less lethal means including stun grenades and bean bag rounds which caused the attacking boats to retreat.[16]

In July 2020 the CGA arrested all 18 crew members of a Chinese fishing vessel caught fishing illegally in Taiwanese waters. The interdiction followed an increase in illegal fishing in Taiwanese waters by Chinese fishing vessels.[17]

Between January and July of 2020 the CGA chased 2,988 Chinese sand dredging vessels out of Taiwanese waters. In July 2020 the CGA seized a dredging vessel and arrested its eight crew as a warning to the rest.[18]

In August 2020 the CGA detained a small Chinese oil tanker which had illegally entered Taiwan’s waters. The oil tanker was discovered during enhanced COVID-19 pandemic biosecurity patrols.[19]

Intelligence Function

Some people in Taiwan still regard the Coast Guard Administration as an intelligence agency due to its root. Indeed, the land branch of the Coast Guard Administration is inherited from the former Taiwan Garrison Command. As a result, a lot of intelligence personnel from the Military Police Command or the late Taiwan Garrison Command are still in the ROCCGA.

There are several mobile investigative groups subordinated to four corresponding areas of responsibility of the Coastal Patrol Directorate General. All mobile investigative groups of the Coast Guard Administration are tasked to perform intelligence-gathering mission of State Security. While executing such intelligence-gathering function, The Coast Guard Administration is subjected to the supervisory and coordination from the National Security Bureau.[20]

Future of the CGA

As of 2019 the CGA planned to construct a total of 141 ships, including four 4000-tonne, six 1000-tonne, 12 600-tonne, 17 100-tonne, 52 35-tonne patrol ships and 50 coastal multi-purposed ships, by 2027.[21]

Fleet

Cutters and Patrol Boats
Coast Guard cutters docked in Keelung Harbor.
ROC Coast Guard 600-ton vessel Hualien
ROC Coast Guard 2,000-ton cutter Xinbei
Bridge aboard the 1,000-ton cutter Hsun Hu #7
ROC Coast Guard 1000-ton cutter Pingtung
ROC Coast Guard 500-ton vessel Lienchiang
ROC Coast Guard 3000-ton cutter Kaohsiung
Hsun Hu #7 Response boat in its stern launching ramp
Over 100 Tones
Name Hull number Class Displacement (full load) Builder Year of enroling Year of decommissioning
Ho-HsingCG1011,800-ton class1,823 tonesChina Shipbuilding Corporation1992
Wei-HsingCG1021992
Mo-HsingCG105800-ton class917 tonesWilton-Fijenoord1988
Fu-HsingCG1061988
Pao-HsingCG107500-ton class (Pao-Hsing)694 tonesChina Shipbuilding Corporation19802008
Chin-HsingCG10819852010
Te-HsingCG109500-ton class (Te-Hsing)701 tonesUSUKI SHIPYARD CO., LTD.19772014
Hsun-HsingCG110300-ton class264 tonesChina Shipbuilding Corporation19862005
TaipeiCG116500-ton class (Taipei)742 tonesJong Shyn Shipbuilding Company2001
TaichungCG117600-ton class827 tonesChing Fu Shipbuilding2001
KeelingCG1182001
HualienCG1192001
PenghuCG1202001
NantouCG122500-ton class (Nantou)742 tonesJong Shyn Shipbuilding Company2005
KimmenCG123500-ton class (Kimmen)688 tones2008
LienchiangCG1252008
TainanCG1262,000-ton class2,105 tones2011
XinbeiCG1272,077 tonesCSBC Corporation2013
YilanCG1283,000-ton class3,719 tonesJong Shyn Shipbuilding Company2015
KaohsiungCG1292015
MiaoliCG1311,000-ton class1,899 tones2015
TaoyuanCG1322015
TaitungCG1332016
PingtungCG1352016
(TBD)CG137600-ton class[21](TBD)Under construction
(TBD)CG138Under construction
(TBD)CG139Under construction
(TBD)CG150Under construction
(TBD)CG151Under construction
(TBD)CG152Under construction
(TBD)CG153Under construction
(TBD)CG155Under construction
(TBD)CG156Under construction
(TBD)CG157Under construction
(TBD)CG158Under construction
(TBD)CG159Under construction
(TBD)CG1604,000-ton class[22](TBD)CSBC CorporationUnder construction
(TBD)CG161Under construction
(TBD)CG162Under construction
(TBD)CG165Under construction
(TBD)CG1661,000-ton class[23](TBD)(TBD)Under planning
(TBD)CG167Under planning
(TBD)CG168Under planning
(TBD)CG169Under planning
(TBD)CG170Under planning
(TBD)CG171Under planning
Hsun-Hu No.1800-ton class1,127 tonesUnited Shipbuilding (Taiwan)1992
Hsun-Hu No.2400-ton class839 tonesJong Shyn Shipbuilding Company19922013
Hsun-Hu No.319922013
Hsun-Hu No.5100-ton class140 tonesFeng-Kuo Shipbuilding19922014
Hsun-Hu No.6300-ton class228 tonesFeng-Kuo Shipbuilding1992
Hsun-Hu No.71,000-ton class1,915 tonesJong Shyn Shipbuilding Company2011
Hsun-Hu No.82013
Hsun-Hu No.92013
ROCCGA patrol boats
Under 100 Tones
Class In service Hull numbers Displacement (full load) Builder
100-ton class 1st generation type 18PP-10001
PP-10002
PP-10005
PP-10006
PP-10007
PP-10008
PP-10009
PP-10010		103 tonesJong Shyn Shipbuilding Company
100-ton class 1st generation type 210PP-10011
PP-10013
PP-10015
PP-10016
PP-10017
PP-10018
PP-10019
PP-10020
PP-10022
PP-10023		103 tonesJong Shyn Shipbuilding Company
Lung Teh Shipbuilding Co., Ltd
100-ton class 2nd generation3PP-10025
PP-10026
PP-10027		118 tonesJong Shyn Shipbuilding Company
100-ton class 3rd generation type 13PP-10028
PP-10029
PP-10031		95 tonesLung Teh Shipbuilding Co.,Ltd
100-ton class 3rd generation type 221
(total 35 in future)		PP-10032
PP-10033
PP-10035
PP-10037
PP-10038
PP-10039
PP-10050
PP-10051
PP-10052
PP-10053
PP-10055
PP-10056
PP-10057
PP-10059
PP-10060
PP-10061
PP-10062
PP-10063
PP-10065
PP-10066
PP-10068		95 tonesChing Fu Shipbuilding
60-ton class5PP-6001,PP-6002,PP-6005,PP-6006,PP-600768 tonesLung Teh Shipbuilding Co.,Ltd
55-ton class10PP-5501,PP-5502,PP-5503,PP-5505,PP-5506,PP-5507,PP-5508,PP-5509,PP-5510,PP-551182 tones(unknown)
50-ton class 1st generation type 113PP-5001,PP-5002,PP-5003,PP-5005,PP-5006,PP-5007,PP-5008,PP-5010,PP-5011,PP-5012,PP-5013,PP-5015,PP-501656 tonesLung Teh Shipbuilding Co.,Ltd
50-ton class 1st generation type 214PP-5017,PP-5019,PP-5020,PP-5021,PP-5022,PP-5023,PP-5025,PP-5026,PP-5027,PP-5028,PP-5029,PP-5030,PP-5031,PP-503276 tonesTC Yachts
50-ton class 2nd generation9PP-5033,PP-5035,PP-5037,PP-5038,PP-5039,PP-5050,PP-5051,PP-5052,PP-505356 tonesLung Teh Shipbuilding Co.,Ltd
35-ton class 1st generation28PP-3501,PP-3502,PP-3503,PP-3505,PP-3506,PP-3507,PP-3508,PP-3509,PP-3510,PP-3511,PP-3512,PP-3513,PP-3516,PP-3517,PP-3518,PP-3519,PP-3520,PP-3521,PP-3522,PP-3523,PP-3525,PP-3526,PP-3527,PP-3528,PP-3529,PP-3530,PP-3531,PP-353229 tones(unknown)
35-ton class 2nd generation24PP-3535,PP-3536,PP-3537,PP-3538,PP-3539,PP-3550,PP-3552,PP-3553,PP-3555,PP-3556,PP-3557,PP-3558,PP-3559,PP-3560,PP-3561,PP-3562,PP-3563,PP-3565,PP-3566,PP-3567,PP-3568,PP-3572,PP-3576,PP-358033 tonesLung Teh Shipbuilding Co.,Ltd
30-ton class13PP-3002,PP-3003,PP-3005,PP-3006,PP-3007,PP-3009,PP-3011,PP-3012,PP-3015,PP-3016,PP-3017,PP-3018,PP-301929 tonesLung Teh Shipbuilding Co.,Ltd
20-ton class45PP-2001,PP-2003,PP-2005,PP-2006,PP-2007,PP-2008,PP-2009,PP-2010,PP-2012,PP-2013,PP-2015,PP-‐2016,PP-2017,PP-2018,PP-2019,PP-2021,PP-2022,PP-‐2023,PP-2025,PP-2027,PP-2028,PP-2029,PP-2030,PP-2031,PP-2032,PP-2033,PP-2035,PP-2036,PP-2037,PP-2038,PP-2050,PP-2051,PP-2052,PP-2053,PP-2055,PP-2056,PP-2058,PP-2059,PP-2060,PP-2061,PP-2062,PP-2063,PP-2065,PP-2066,PP-206721 tonesLung Teh Shipbuilding Co.,Ltd
  • RB-01 (Search/Rescue Boat)
  • RB-02 (Search/Rescue Boat)
  • RB-03 (Search/Rescue Boat)
  • Type CP-1001 (Rubber raft) x9
  • Type SF-801 (Speedboat) x6
  • Type PP-601 (Speedboat) x9

Equipment

Helicopters and drones
CGA patrol vessels and NASC helicopter outside of Port of Kaohsiung

Small arms
Kestrel system

Leaders

Ministers (CGA under Executive Yuan)
№ Name Term of Office Days Premier
4 Wang Ginn-wang
王進旺		 25 January 20067 December 20143238 Su Tseng-chang
Chang Chun-hsiung II
Liu Chao-shiuan
Wu Den-yih
Sean Chen
Jiang Yi-huah
5 Wang Chung-yi
王崇儀		 8 December 201419 May 2016528 Mao Chi-kuo
Chang San-cheng
6 Lee Chung-wei
李仲威		 20 May 201627 April 20181548 Lin Chuan
William Lai
Su Tseng-chang II

Chairpersons (CGA under Ocean Affairs Council)
№ Name Term of Office Days Premier
1 Lee Chung-wei
李仲威		 28 April 201813 February 2019291 William Lai
Su Tseng-chang II
1 Chen Guo-en
陳國恩		 19 February 2019Incumbent543 Su Tseng-chang II
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See also

References
  1. Morris, Lyle J. "History and Current Developments Regarding Taiwan's Coast Guard Administration". www.rand.org. RAND. Retrieved 4 July 2020.
  2. "The Coast Guard Act". Act of 2019. Law and Regulations Database of The Republic of China.
  3. "Profile". www.cga.gov.tw. CGA. 2016-05-18. Retrieved 8 July 2019.
  4. Dolbow, Jim (August 2016). "World's Coast Guards - Taiwan CGA Committed to Maritime Security". www.usni.org. US Naval Institute. Retrieved 8 July 2019.
  5. "Organizations". www.cga.gov.tw. CGA. 2009-11-24. Retrieved 7 July 2019.
  6. J. Morris, Lyle (2017-02-15). "History and Current Developments Regarding Taiwan's Coast Guard Administration". www.rand.org. RAND. Retrieved 8 July 2019.
  7. Chen, Kelvin. "Special forces teams to conduct joint drill during 36th Han Kuang exercise". www.taiwannews.com.tw. Taiwan News. Retrieved 9 August 2020.
  8. Sung, Brian. "Han Kuang showcases progress". www.taipeitimes.com. Taipei Times. Retrieved 9 August 2020.
  9. "Scope of Enforcement". www.cga.gov.tw. CGA. 2015-01-14. Retrieved 8 July 2019.
  10. Lu, Myra (28 January 2000). "Patrolling the waters, new coast guard agency launched". Taiwan Today. Archived from the original on 30 October 2016. Retrieved 30 October 2016.
  11. "Origins". www.cga.gov.tw. CGA. 2015-01-14. Retrieved 7 July 2019.
  12. Feng Shao-fu and, Chi Jo-yao. "Two Chinese boats detained for fishing in Taiwan's waters". focustaiwan.tw. Focus Taiwan. Retrieved 23 May 2019.
  13. Shen Ju-feng and, William Yen. "6 crewmen saved after abandoning burning fishing boat: CGA". focustaiwan.tw. Focus Taiwan. Retrieved 23 May 2019.
  14. Asia Times, Staff (2019-05-03). "Indonesians rescued after fire on fishing boat". asiatimes.com. Asia Times. Retrieved 23 May 2019.
  15. Pan, Jason. "Shots fired as Chinese boats ram coast guard ship". www.taipeitimes.com. Taipei Times. Retrieved 27 March 2020.
  16. Panda, Ankit. "Taiwan Coast Guard Reports Chinese Speed Boat Harassment Near Kinmen". thediplomat.com. The Diplomat. Retrieved 25 March 2020.
  17. Liao, George. "www.taiwannews.com.tw". www.taiwannews.com.tw. Taiwan News. Retrieved 28 July 2020.
  18. Chien-pang, Liu; Lin, Ko. "8 aboard Chinese boat arrested for dredging sea sand off Penghu". focustaiwan.tw. Focus Taiwan. Retrieved 31 July 2020.
  19. Li-yan, Chao; Kao, Evelyn. "Chinese oil tanker held for illegally entering Taiwan's waters". focustaiwan.tw. Focus Taiwan. Retrieved 9 August 2020.
  20. "Services". www.cga.gov.tw. CGA. 2015-01-14. Retrieved 7 July 2019.
  21. hen Chi-feng and, William Yen. "Construction works for 600-tonne CGA ship starts in Kaohsiung". focustaiwan.tw. Focus Taiwan. Retrieved 23 May 2019.
  22. Rahmat, Ridzwan. "Kaohsiung Maritime 2018: Taiwan coastguard acquires four 125 m vessels from local shipbuilder". www.janes.com. Janes. Retrieved 8 July 2019.
  23. Jonathan Chin, Lo Tien-pin and (2019-01-08). "Coast guard to start work on vessels ahead of time". www.taipeitimes.com. Taipei Times. Retrieved 8 July 2019.
  24. Au, Charles. "Taiwan's coast guard selects UAVs". www.shephardmedia.com. Shephard Media. Retrieved 8 July 2019.
  25. Chen, Frank (2018-10-08). "Taiwan to Buy More Locally Produced Weapons". cms.ati.ms. ATI. Retrieved 1 July 2019.
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