Clinton, New Jersey

Clinton is a town in Hunterdon County, New Jersey, United States, located on the South Branch of the Raritan River. As of the 2010 United States Census, the town's population was 2,719,[9][10][11] reflecting an increase of 87 (+3.3%) from the 2,632 counted in the 2000 Census, which had in turn increased by 578 (+28.1%) from the 2,054 counted in the 1990 Census.[20] Despite its relatively small population, Clinton is the predominant control city for Interstate 78 heading west from Newark.

See also: Clinton Township, New Jersey

Clinton, New Jersey
Town
Town of Clinton
Map of Clinton in Hunterdon County. Inset: Location of Hunterdon County highlighted in the State of New Jersey.
Census Bureau map of Clinton, New Jersey. Spruce Run State Park is in the Northwest corner of the map.
Clinton Town
Location in Hunterdon County
Clinton Town
Location in New Jersey
Clinton Town
Location in the United States
Coordinates: 40.63681°N 74.915205°W / 40.63681; -74.915205[1][2]
Country United States
State New Jersey
CountyHunterdon
IncorporatedApril 5, 1865
Named forDeWitt Clinton
Government
 • TypeTown
 • BodyTown Council
 • MayorJanice Kovach (D, term ends December 31, 2023)[4][5]
 • Municipal clerkCecilia Covino[6]
Area
 • Total1.44 sq mi (3.72 km2)
 • Land1.35 sq mi (3.49 km2)
 • Water0.09 sq mi (0.24 km2)  5.59%
Area rank459th of 566 in state
18th of 26 in county[1]
Elevation194 ft (59 m)
Population
 • Total2,719
 • Estimate 
(2019)[12]
2,687
 • Rank459th of 566 in state
18th of 26 in county[13]
 • Density1,996.29/sq mi (770.49/km2)
 • Density rank290th of 566 in state
3rd of 26 in county[13]
Time zoneUTC−05:00 (Eastern (EST))
 • Summer (DST)UTC−04:00 (Eastern (EDT))
ZIP Code
08809[14][15]
Area code(s)908 exchanges: 238, 328, 713, 730, 735[16]
FIPS code3401913720[1][17][18]
GNIS feature ID0885189[1][19]
Websitewww.clintonnj.gov

History

When the Clinton post office was established in 1829, it was named for DeWitt Clinton, Governor of New York and the primary impetus behind the then-newly completed Erie Canal.[21][22]

Clinton was incorporated as a town by an act of the New Jersey Legislature on April 5, 1865, within portions of Clinton, Franklin and Union Townships. Clinton gained full independence from its three parent townships in 1895.[23]

The town is perhaps best known for its two mills which sit on opposite banks of the South Branch Raritan River. The Red Mill, with its historic village, dates back to 1810 with the development of a mill for wool processing.[24] Across the river sits the Stone Mill, home of the Hunterdon Art Museum for Contemporary Craft and Design, located in a former gristmill that had been reconstructed in 1836 and operated continuously until 1936. In 1952, a group of local residents conceived of a plan to convert the historic building into an art museum, which is still in operation today.[25]

Described by The New York Times in 1988 as having "conquered the worst residential radon hotspot known in the United States" which resulted from uranium in the limestone under sections of the town, Clinton and mayor-at-the-time Robert A. Nulman received state, national, and international attention for the town's successful efforts to combat the radon using ventilation systems in affected homes.[26][27][28][29][30]

Geography
Easter 2014 Photo by John Bohnel, depicting Main Street as seen from the cliff behind the Red Mill, which is visible in the bottom left corner. Many of the other visible buildings date back to the 1890s.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the town had a total area of 1.417 square miles (3.670 km2), including 1.338 square miles (3.465 km2) of land and 0.079 square miles (0.205 km2) of water (5.59%).[1][2]

The town borders the Hunterdon County municipalities of Clinton Township, Franklin Township and Union Township.[31][32][33]

Clinton is considered an exurb of New York City, as Hunterdon County lies on the western fringe of the New York City Metropolitan Area, which is mainly rural with scattered housing developments and old farm homes. Clinton is part of the Primary Metropolitan Statistical Area of Middlesex, Somerset and Hunterdon counties in New Jersey.[34] It serves as a "bedroom community" for many commuters working in and around Northern New Jersey and New York City, often younger residents who have supplanted long-time residents of Clinton.[35]

Climate
Climate data for Clinton, New Jersey
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Record high °F (°C) 74.0
(23.3)		 77.0
(25.0)		 88.0
(31.1)		 94.0
(34.4)		 99.0
(37.2)		 102.0
(38.9)		 106.0
(41.1)		 104.0
(40.0)		 105.0
(40.6)		 97.0
(36.1)		 84.0
(28.9)		 75.0
(23.9)		 106.0
(41.1)
Average high °F (°C) 36.8
(2.7)		 39.9
(4.4)		 49.8
(9.9)		 61.3
(16.3)		 72.0
(22.2)		 80.2
(26.8)		 85.1
(29.5)		 83.1
(28.4)		 75.6
(24.2)		 64.4
(18.0)		 52.8
(11.6)		 41.6
(5.3)		 61.9
(16.6)
Average low °F (°C) 18.4
(−7.6)		 20.0
(−6.7)		 28.1
(−2.2)		 37.0
(2.8)		 46.9
(8.3)		 56.0
(13.3)		 61.7
(16.5)		 59.9
(15.5)		 52.0
(11.1)		 40.0
(4.4)		 32.2
(0.1)		 24.0
(−4.4)		 39.7
(4.3)
Record low °F (°C) −18.0
(−27.8)		 −16.0
(−26.7)		 −6.0
(−21.1)		 14.0
(−10.0)		 25.0
(−3.9)		 34.0
(1.1)		 41.0
(5.0)		 37.0
(2.8)		 27.0
(−2.8)		 18.0
(−7.8)		 2.0
(−16.7)		 −14.0
(−25.6)		 −18.0
(−27.8)
Average precipitation inches (mm) 3.78
(96)		 3.16
(80)		 4.27
(108)		 4.30
(109)		 4.62
(117)		 4.64
(118)		 5.16
(131)		 3.67
(93)		 4.31
(109)		 4.48
(114)		 3.82
(97)		 4.29
(109)		 50.5
(1,280)
Source: [36]

Clinton falls under the "Northern New Jersey" climate zone. According to the Office of the New Jersey State Climatologist at Rutgers University, the Northern climate zone covers about one-quarter of New Jersey and consists mainly of elevated highlands and valleys which are part of the Appalachian Uplands. Surrounded by land, this region can be characterized as having a continental climate with minimal influence from the Atlantic Ocean, except when the winds contain an easterly component. Prevailing winds are from the southwest in summer and from the northwest in winter. Being in the northernmost portion of the state, and with small mountains up to 1,800 feet (550 m) in elevation, the Northern Zone normally exhibits a colder temperature regime than other climate regions of the State of New Jersey. This difference is most dramatic in winter when average temperatures in the Northern Zone can be more than ten degrees Fahrenheit cooler than in the Coastal Zone. Annual snowfall averages 40 to 50 inches (100 to 130 cm) in the northern zone as compared with an average of 10 to 15 inches (25 to 38 cm) in the extreme south.[37]

Clinton falls under the USDA 6b Plant Hardiness zone.[38]

Demographics
Historical population
CensusPop.%±
1870785—
18808427.3%
18909138.4%
1900816−10.6%
19108362.5%
192095013.6%
1930932−1.9%
19401,06614.4%
19501,1184.9%
19601,1583.6%
19701,74250.4%
19801,9109.6%
19902,0547.5%
20002,63228.1%
20102,7193.3%
Est. 20192,687[12]−1.2%
Population sources: 1870-1920[39]
1870[40][41] 1880-1890[42]
1890-1910[43] 1910-1930[44]
1930-1990[45] 2000[46][47] 2010[9][10][11]

Census 2010

The 2010 United States Census counted 2,719 people, 1,057 households, and 727.216 families in the town. The population density was 2,032.6 per square mile (784.8/km2). There were 1,098 housing units at an average density of 820.8 per square mile (316.9/km2). The racial makeup was 89.52% (2,434) White, 1.32% (36) Black or African American, 0.22% (6) Native American, 6.66% (181) Asian, 0.00% (0) Pacific Islander, 0.63% (17) from other races, and 1.66% (45) from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 6.22% (169) of the population.[9]

Of the 1,057 households, 37.0% had children under the age of 18; 55.2% were married couples living together; 9.7% had a female householder with no husband present and 31.2% were non-families. Of all households, 25.4% were made up of individuals and 8.8% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.57 and the average family size was 3.14.[9]

26.0% of the population were under the age of 18, 6.1% from 18 to 24, 27.6% from 25 to 44, 28.8% from 45 to 64, and 11.5% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 39.6 years. For every 100 females, the population had 94.8 males. For every 100 females ages 18 and older there were 92.8 males.[9]

The Census Bureau's 2006-2010 American Community Survey showed that (in 2010 inflation-adjusted dollars) median household income was $83,850 (with a margin of error of +/- $12,019) and the median family income was $109,375 (+/- $19,698). Males had a median income of $62,697 (+/- $9,258) versus $67,014 (+/- $13,316) for females. The per capita income for the borough was $43,354 (+/- $4,395). About 2.6% of families and 3.2% of the population were below the poverty line, including 2.0% of those under age 18 and 11.9% of those age 65 or over.[48]

Census 2000

As of the 2000 United States Census[17] there were 2,632 people, 1,068 households, and 724 families residing in the town. The population density was 1,916.0 people per square mile (741.8/km2). There were 1,095 housing units at an average density of 797.1 per square mile (308.6/km2). The racial makeup of the town was 92.06% White, 1.33% African American, 0.46% Native American, 3.72% Asian, 1.37% from other races, and 1.06% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 4.10% of the population.[46][47]

There were 1,068 households, out of which 35.4% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 55.3% were married couples living together, 8.9% had a female householder with no husband present, and 32.2% were non-families. 26.3% of all households were made up of individuals, and 7.1% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.46 and the average family size was 3.00.[46][47]

In the town, the population was spread out, with 26.4% under the age of 18, 4.7% from 18 to 24, 35.4% from 25 to 44, 24.2% from 45 to 64, and 9.4% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 37 years. For every 100 females, there were 95.3 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 92.3 males.[46][47]

The median income for a household in the town was $78,121, and the median income for a family was $88,671. Males had a median income of $61,442 versus $46,397 for females. The per capita income for the town was $37,463. About 0.4% of families and 2.8% of the population were below the poverty line, including 0.6% of those under age 18 and 1.6% of those age 65 or over.[46][47]

Arts and culture
  • The Red Mill Museum Village is located on the South Branch of the Raritan River in the town center of Clinton. Built in 1810, the Red Mill originally served as a woolen mill. Over the next 100 years, the Mill was used at different times to process grains, plaster, talc and graphite. The Mill was also used to produce peach baskets, as well as to generate electricity and pump water for the town. Every October, The mill is transformed into a haunted house given the title, the Red Mill Haunted Village. The Haunted Village tends to attract visitors from all over the east coast to the small town. The Red Mill Museum Village was featured on an episode of Ghost Hunters in 2008.[49]
  • The Hunterdon Art Museum (7 Lower Center Street) is located in a mill established in 1836, and offers exhibitions of contemporary art, craft and design, docent tours and over 200 education programs for adults and children.[25]

Parks and recreation
  • Landsdown Trail, a spur line constructed for the Lehigh Valley Railroad in 1881 that is now a graded rail trail starting about 2 miles (3.2 km) south of Clinton on Landsdown Road that enters Clinton town center near the lumber yard.[50]
  • Spruce Run Recreation Area (Van Syckel's Road, Clinton, NJ): 1,961 acres (7.94 km2), picnicking, boating, fishing and seasonal camping. Open year-round.[51]
  • Round Valley Recreation Area (Lebanon-Stanton Road, Lebanon, NJ) offers wilderness camping, beaches, trails, fishing and boating.[52]

Government

Local government

Clinton is governed under the Town form of government with a mayor and Town Council comprised of six members. The Mayor is directly elected by the voters to a four-year term of office. Members of the Town Council are elected to three-year terms of office on a staggered basis, with two seats coming up for election each year in a three-year cycle. The governing body is chosen at-large in partisan elections held as part of the November general election.[3] The primary responsibilities of the Council are to serve as the legislative body of the town, approve the annual budget presented by the Mayor, approve payment of bills and serve as Liaisons to several Boards and Committees.

As of 2020, the mayor of Clinton Town is Democrat Janice Kovach, whose term of office ends on December 31, 2023[53] Members of the Clinton Town Council are Sherry Dineen (R, 2021), Michael Humphrey (D, 2022), Lisa Intrabartola (D, 2021), Megan Johnson (D, 2020), Rielly Karsh (D, 2020) and Ross Traphagen (R, 2022).[4][54][55][56][57][58][59]

Democrat Michael Humphrey was elected in November 2018 to fill the seat expiring in December 2019 that became vacant following the resignation of Al Rylak in June 2018.[60]

Fire department

Clinton Fire Department (CFD) is located on the corner of New Street / Old Route 22 in Clinton. About 15% of the department's calls annually involve actual fire, while the rest of the CFD's calls are roughly broken down to 15% motor vehicle accidents, 15% hazardous conditions, 5% service calls, 25% good intent calls with no fire found and 25% alarm activations/false alarms, averaging about 190 calls annually.[61] The department offers three types of membership namely Active firefighter, Junior firefighter and Associate membership to prospective members. The department runs mutual aid calls with Annandale Hose Company, High Bridge Fire Department, Quakertown Fire Company, Lebanon Fire Company and Pattenburg Fire Company and other fire departments in Hunterdon Country, which have become an invaluable resource for large incidents.[62] The Division of Fire is a municipal fire department and is responsible for all fire related incidents in the Township. The personnel are provided by the all-volunteer Annandale Hose Company #1. There are two fire stations. One is located at 68 Beaver Avenue and the second is located at 1215 Route 31 South. Our apparatus consists of four engines, two command vehicles, one tower ladder, one tanker, and two brush trucks. The department covers an area of over 30 square miles and respond to around 500 incidents each year. The department has 45 active members who respond to calls. Each new member is trained to State Firefighter standards, and equipped to meet national standards. Our members put in hundreds of hours each year in classes, training and drills. They are always seeking volunteers not only for firefighting but also for other administrative duties.[63]

Federal, state and county representation

Clinton Town is located in the 7th Congressional District[64] and is part of New Jersey's 23rd state legislative district.[10][65][66]

For the 116th United States Congress. New Jersey's Seventh Congressional District is represented by Tom Malinowski (D, Ringoes).[67] New Jersey is represented in the United States Senate by Democrats Cory Booker (Newark, term ends 2021)[68] and Bob Menendez (Paramus, term ends 2025).[69][70]

For the 2018–2019 session (Senate, General Assembly), the 23rd Legislative District of the New Jersey Legislature is represented in the State Senate by Michael J. Doherty (R, Washington Township, Warren County) and in the General Assembly by John DiMaio (R, Hackettstown) and Erik Peterson (R, Franklin Township, Hunterdon County).[71][72]

Hunterdon County is governed by a five-member Board of Chosen Freeholders, who serve three-year terms of office at-large on a staggered basis, with either one or two seats up for election each year on a partisan basis as part of the November general election. At an annual reorganization meeting held each January, the freeholders select one member to serve as the board's Director and another to serve as Deputy Director.[73] As of 2015, Hunterdon County's Freeholders are Freeholder Director John King (R; Raritan Township, 2015),[74] Freeholder Deputy Director Suzanne Lagay (R; Holland Township, 2016),[75] J. Matthew Holt (R; Clinton Town, 2015),[76] John E. Lanza (R; Flemington, 2016)[77] and Robert G. Walton (R; Hampton, 2017).[78][79] Constitutional officers elected on a countywide basis are County Clerk Mary H. Melfi (R; Flemington, 2017),[80] Sheriff Fredrick W. Brown (R; Alexandria Township, 2016)[81] and Surrogate Susan J. Hoffman (R; Kingwood Township, 2018).[82][83][84]

Politics

As of March 23, 2011, there were a total of 1,671 registered voters in Clinton, of which 439 (26.3%) were registered as Democrats, 529 (31.7%) were registered as Republicans and 700 (41.9%) were registered as Unaffiliated. There were 3 voters registered to other parties.[85]

In the 2012 presidential election, Republican Mitt Romney received 52.0% of the vote (693 cast), ahead of Democrat Barack Obama with 46.7% (623 votes), and other candidates with 1.3% (17 votes), among the 1,351 ballots cast by the town's 1,780 registered voters (18 ballots were spoiled), for a turnout of 75.9%.[86][87] In the 2008 presidential election, Democrat Barack Obama received 49.4% of the vote (704 cast), ahead of Republican John McCain with 48.7% (694 votes) and other candidates with 1.2% (17 votes), among the 1,426 ballots cast by the town's 1,732 registered voters, for a turnout of 82.3%.[88] In the 2004 presidential election, Republican George W. Bush received 54.8% of the vote (761 ballots cast), outpolling Democrat John Kerry with 44.0% (611 votes) and other candidates with 0.7% (12 votes), among the 1,389 ballots cast by the town's 1,671 registered voters, for a turnout percentage of 83.1.[89]

In the 2013 gubernatorial election, Republican Chris Christie received 69.2% of the vote (577 cast), ahead of Democrat Barbara Buono with 28.1% (234 votes), and other candidates with 2.8% (23 votes), among the 840 ballots cast by the town's 1,757 registered voters (6 ballots were spoiled), for a turnout of 47.8%.[90][91] In the 2009 gubernatorial election, Republican Chris Christie received 60.5% of the vote (620 ballots cast), ahead of Democrat Jon Corzine with 27.7% (284 votes), Independent Chris Daggett with 9.5% (97 votes) and other candidates with 0.7% (7 votes), among the 1,025 ballots cast by the town's 1,711 registered voters, yielding a 59.9% turnout.[92]

Education

Clinton-Glen Gardner School District is school district based in the Town of Clinton, that serves students from Clinton Town and Glen Gardner Borough in pre-kindergarten through eighth grade at Clinton Public School.[93] Before Glen Gardner, a non-operating district, was consolidated into the district, students from the borough had attended the district's school as part of a sending/receiving relationship. Other students attend the school on a tuition basis.[94] Formerly known as the Town of Clinton School District, the district's board of education voted in November 2009 to revise the name to Clinton-Glen Gardner School District to reflect the merger.[95] As of the 2018–19 school year, the district, comprised of one school, had an enrollment of 431 students and 44.7 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 9.6:1.[96]

Public school students in ninth through twelfth grades attend North Hunterdon High School in Annandale together with students from Bethlehem Township, Clinton Township, Franklin Township, Lebanon Borough and Union Township.[97][98][99] As of the 2018–19 school year, the high school had an enrollment of 1,584 students and 123.2 classroom teachers (on an FTE basis), for a student–teacher ratio of 12.9:1.[100] The school is part of the North Hunterdon-Voorhees Regional High School District, which also includes students from Califon, Glen Gardner, Hampton, High Bridge, Lebanon Township and Tewksbury Township, who attend Voorhees High School in Lebanon Township.[101][102][103]

Eighth grade students from all of Hunterdon County are eligible to apply to attend the high school programs offered by the Hunterdon County Vocational School District, a county-wide vocational school district that offers career and technical education at its campuses in Raritan Township and at programs sited at local high schools, with no tuition charged to students for attendance.[104]

Transportation

Roads and highways
I-78/US 22 eastbound in Clinton

As of July 2015, the town had a total of 12.21 miles (19.65 km) of roadways, of which 8.72 miles (14.03 km) were maintained by the municipality and 3.49 miles (5.62 km) by the New Jersey Department of Transportation.[105]

The most major road passing through Clinton is Interstate 78/U.S. Route 22, which run concurrently through the area.[106] Direct access is provided by New Jersey Route 31 at Exit 17[107] and Route 173/County Road 513 at Exit 15.[108] Route 173 and CR 513 run through the center of town, while Route 31 skims the northeast edge. Convenient access to Interstate 78 provides Clinton with a convenient route to and from New York City and the Lehigh Valley in Pennsylvania. Philadelphia can also be easily accessed from Clinton via New Jersey Route 31 to Interstate 295 nouth.

Public transportation

Trans-Bridge Lines offers buses on a route that provides service from Allentown and Bethlehem, Pennsylvania to the Port Authority Bus Terminal in Midtown Manhattan and New York City-area airports at a stop at the park-and-ride on Route 31 in Clinton.[109] Limited NJ Transit Rail is also accessible at the Annandale station on the Raritan Valley Line.[110][111]

The LINK, which serves Hunterdon County is the primary traditional publicly funded mode of transportation. Fares range from about $2.00 to $10.00. Funding for operation of the Hunterdon County LINK System is provided by Hunterdon County, NJ Transit and the Federal Transit Administration.[112] Additionally, Warren County operates a shuttle along Route 31 Monday-Friday to Oxford Township.[113]

In film

In television

Notable people

People who were born in, residents of, or otherwise closely associated with Clinton include:

  • Main Street Bridge in Clinton, NJ overlooking the Red Mill
  • South Branch Raritan river running through Clinton, New Jersey.
  • Main Street of Clinton, New Jersey. Much of the area was redeveloped after a fire devastated the area on October 30, 1891.
  • North Branch County Library at 65 Halstead Street in Clinton, NJ. It was built in 1999.
  • Alley in Clinton, NJ. Named Allie's Way after a local teacher at Clinton Public School.
gollark: I mean, authoritarian regimes... aren't very good, I think, even if they can *sometimes* produce good outcomes.
gollark: IIRC China *did* silence people warning about it back in 2019, though.
gollark: Just subtract one from all years. I don't think that could go wrong at all.
gollark: This had better not be an uncomputable algorithm somehow.
gollark: You could generally just put it in code blocks, unless you prevent that somehow.

References
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  3. 2012 New Jersey Legislative District Data Book, Rutgers University Edward J. Bloustein School of Planning and Public Policy, March 2013, p. 103.
  4. Mayor and Council, Town of Clinton. Accessed April 30, 2020. "The Clinton Town Council is composed of 6 Council members that are elected by the community. Council terms of office are three years and two Council seats are up for election each year."
  5. 2020 New Jersey Mayors Directory, New Jersey Department of Community Affairs. Accessed February 1, 2020.
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  25. About the Museum, Hunterdon Art Museum. Accessed July 21, 2011.
  26. Klaidman, Steve. Health in the Headlines: The Stories Behind the Stories, Oxford University Press, 1991. ISBN 978-0-19-505298-5. Accessed November 15, 2019. "Clinton's public officials were aware of the extraordinary radon levels found in the Watras house in nearby Pennsylvania."
  27. Hanley, Robert. "The Jersey Village That Fought Radon With Fans and Won", The New York Times, September 15, 1988. Accessed November 15, 2019. "Mayor Nulman cringes now while recalling TV and newspaper accounts in early 1986 that predicted mass evacuations and Clinton Knolls' reduction to a ghost town."
  28. Congressional Record: Proceedings and Debates of the ... Congress. U.S. Government Printing Office. 1986. Retrieved January 1, 2018. McMahon commended Clinton Town Mayor Robert Nulman for responding to the radon problem in several homes in his community by dealing with the public in an 'informational rather than inflammatory way'.
  29. EPA Journal. The Office. 1989. Retrieved January 1, 2018. State officials relied a great deal on Clinton's mayor, Robert Nulman, because he understood the community's concerns. At public meetings Nulman provided an opportunity for "what had to be said," according to state official Donald Deieso, "and he fully supported everything we were saying." Nulman helped to keep public discussions focused on the facts. In turn, Nulman found his job easier because state officials...
  30. Michael R. Edelstein; William J. Makofske (1998). Radon's Deadly Daughters: Science, Environmental Policy, and the Politics of Risk. Rowman & Littlefield. pp. 259–. ISBN 978-0-8476-8334-5. Retrieved January 1, 2018. It is interesting to look at the converse situation, where radon is actively managed so as to avoid environmental stigma. Mayor Robert Nulman...
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  35. Sclafani, Tony. "11:15 A.M.", Courier News, June 26, 2001. Accessed July 21, 2011. "Godown, 61, who just returned from a breakfast with Hunterdon County's police chiefs in Clinton, parks his cruiser beside the police department's door and steps inside the tiny, sparklingly clean headquarters.... It's very quiet Godown says about the borough where he's been chief for more than a decade He says many older residents have gone and been replaced by younger adults turning the 1squaremile town into more of a bedroom community."
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  38. Agricultural Research Center, PRISM Climate Group Oregon State University. "USDA Plant Hardiness Zone Map". USDA. USDA. Archived from the original on February 27, 2014. Retrieved February 24, 2014.
  39. Compendium of censuses 1726-1905: together with the tabulated returns of 1905, New Jersey Department of State, 1906. Accessed October 8, 2013.
  40. Raum, John O. The History of New Jersey: From Its Earliest Settlement to the Present Time, Volume 1, p. 266, J. E. Potter and company, 1877. Accessed October 8, 2013. "Clinton township was formed from Lebanon in 1838. Its population in 1850 was 2,369; in 1860 including the village of Clinton 2,949; and in 1870, 3,134. This village was formerly called Hunt's Mills, from an early proprietor, in consequence of its valuable water power. It is beautifully diversified with hills, was incorporated as a borough in 1865, and contained in 1870, 785 inhabitants."
  41. Staff. A compendium of the ninth census, 1870, p. 259. United States Census Bureau, 1872. Accessed October 8, 2013.
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  43. Thirteenth Census of the United States, 1910: Population by Counties and Minor Civil Divisions, 1910, 1900, 1890, United States Census Bureau, p. 337. Accessed November 13, 2012.
  44. Fifteenth Census of the United States : 1930 - Population Volume I, United States Census Bureau, p. 716. Accessed November 13, 2012.
  45. New Jersey Resident Population by Municipality: 1930 - 1990, Workforce New Jersey Public Information Network. Accessed June 28, 2015.
  46. Census 2000 Profiles of Demographic / Social / Economic / Housing Characteristics for Clinton town, New Jersey Archived 2014-09-25 at the Wayback Machine, United States Census Bureau. Accessed November 14, 2012.
  47. DP-1: Profile of General Demographic Characteristics: 2000 - Census 2000 Summary File 1 (SF 1) 100-Percent Data for Clinton town, Hunterdon County, New Jersey Archived 2020-02-12 at Archive.today, United States Census Bureau. Accessed November 14, 2012.
  48. DP03: Selected Economic Characteristics from the 2006-2010 American Community Survey 5-Year Estimates for Clinton town, Hunterdon County, New Jersey Archived 2020-02-12 at Archive.today, United States Census Bureau. Accessed November 14, 2012.
  49. Thomas, Hilary. "Boo! Ghost hunters search for spirits at the Red Mill", Hunterdon Review, June 3, 2008. Accessed November 15, 2019. "Is the Red Mill haunted? Viewers will soon find out when the Red Mill, which is so often the focus of photographers and artists, will be in the national TV spotlight when it is featured on the SCI-FI Channel's "Ghost Hunter" series at 9 p.m. on Wednesday, June 11. Paranormal activity at the historic mill prompted a professional ghost-hunting team from TAPS (The Atlantic Paranormal Society) to visit the mill to check out the ghosts that so many claim to have encountered there."
  50. Landsdown Trail, Hunterdon County, New Jersey Department of Parks and Recreation. Accessed November 15, 2019. "Landsdown Trail. The Landsdown Trail is 1.5 miles long and stretches from Lower Landsdown Road to the center of the town of Clinton."
  51. Spruce Run Recreation Area, New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection. Accessed July 21, 2011.
  52. Round Valley Recreation Area, New Jersey Department of Environmental Protection Division of Parks and Forestry. Accessed November 14, 2012.
  53. Kiriluk-Hill, Renée. "New Clinton Mayor Janice Kovach is sworn in by state Sen. Barbara Buono", Hunterdon County Democrat, January 4, 2012. Accessed September 14, 2013. "Janice Kovach, a Democrat, was sworn into a four-year term as mayor at a standing-room-only Town Council reorganization meeting on Monday, Jan. 2."
  54. 2020 Municipal Data Sheet, Town of Clinton. Accessed April 30, 2020.
  55. 2020 County and Municipal Directory, Hunterdon County, New Jersey. Accessed April 30, 2020.
  56. Town of Clinton, Hunterdon County, New Jersey. Accessed April 30, 2020.
  57. Hunterdon County District Canvass November 5, 2019, General Election, Hunterdon County, New Jersey, updated November 14, 2019. Accessed January 1, 2020.
  58. District Canvass November 6, 2018 Official Results, Hunterdon County, New Jersey, updated November 14, 2018. Accessed January 1, 2019.
  59. District Canvass November 7, 2017 Official Results, Hunterdon County, New Jersey, updated November 9, 2017. Accessed January 1, 2018.
  60. "Clinton Town swears in newly-elected Councilman Michael Humphrey", Hunterdon Review, December 3, 2018. Accessed September 15, 2019. "The first order of business was the swearing in of newly-elected Democratic Councilman Michael Humphrey to fill the one-year unexpired term that was on the November ballot.... Humphrey replaces Republican Councilman Al Rylak who left council earlier this year because he moved out of the town."
  61. Home page, Clinton Fire Department. Accessed July 21, 2011.
  62. Mutual Aid Archived 2011-07-25 at the Wayback Machine, Clinton Fire Department. Accessed July 21, 2011.
  63. Fire Archived 2012-08-05 at the Wayback Machine, Clinton, New Jersey. Accessed February 26, 2014.
  64. Plan Components Report, New Jersey Redistricting Commission, December 23, 2011. Accessed February 1, 2020.
  65. 2019 New Jersey Citizen's Guide to Government, New Jersey League of Women Voters. Accessed October 30, 2019.
  66. Districts by Number for 2011-2020, New Jersey Legislature. Accessed January 6, 2013.
  67. Directory of Representatives: New Jersey, United States House of Representatives. Accessed June 1, 2020.
  68. About Cory Booker, United States Senate. Accessed January 26, 2015. "He now owns a home and lives in Newark's Central Ward community."
  69. Biography of Bob Menendez, United States Senate, January 26, 2015. "He currently lives in Paramus and has two children, Alicia and Robert."
  70. Senators of the 116th Congress from New Jersey. United States Senate. Accessed April 17, 2019. "Booker, Cory A. - (D - NJ) Class II; Menendez, Robert - (D - NJ) Class I"
  71. Legislative Roster 2018-2019 Session, New Jersey Legislature. Accessed January 22, 2018.
  72. District 23 Legislators, New Jersey Legislature. Accessed January 22, 2018.
  73. About the Board, Hunterdon County, New Jersey. Accessed January 8, 2015.
  74. John King, Hunterdon County, New Jersey. Accessed January 8, 2015.
  75. Suzanne Lagay, Hunterdon County, New Jersey. Accessed January 8, 2015.
  76. J. Matthew Holt, Hunterdon County, New Jersey. Accessed January 8, 2015.
  77. John E. Lanza, Hunterdon County, New Jersey. Accessed January 8, 2015.
  78. Robert G. Walton, Hunterdon County, New Jersey. Accessed January 8, 2015.
  79. Hunterdon County Board of Chosen Freeholders, Hunterdon County, New Jersey. Accessed January 8, 2015.
  80. Hunterdon County Clerk Mary H. Melfi, Hunterdon County, New Jersey. Accessed January 8, 2015.
  81. Frederick W. Brown; Hunterdon County Sheriff, Hunterdon County, New Jersey. Accessed January 8, 2015.
  82. Surrogate Susan J. Hoffman, Hunterdon County, New Jersey. Accessed January 8, 2015.
  83. 2014 Elected Officials, Hunterdon County, New Jersey. Accessed January 8, 2015.
  84. 2014 County and Municipal Guide ... Hunterdon County Now, Hunterdon County, New Jersey. Accessed January 8, 2015.
  85. Voter Registration Summary - Hunterdon, New Jersey Department of State Division of Elections, March 23, 2011. Accessed November 14, 2012.
  86. "Presidential General Election Results - November 6, 2012 - Hunterdon County" (PDF). New Jersey Department of Elections. March 15, 2013. Retrieved December 24, 2014.
  87. "Number of Registered Voters and Ballots Cast - November 6, 2012 - General Election Results - Hunterdon County" (PDF). New Jersey Department of Elections. March 15, 2013. Retrieved December 24, 2014.
  88. 2008 Presidential General Election Results: Hunterdon County, New Jersey Department of State Division of Elections, December 23, 2008. Accessed November 14, 2012.
  89. 2004 Presidential Election: Hunterdon County, New Jersey Department of State Division of Elections, December 13, 2004. Accessed November 14, 2012.
  90. "Governor - Hunterdon County" (PDF). New Jersey Department of Elections. January 29, 2014. Retrieved December 24, 2014.
  91. "Number of Registered Voters and Ballots Cast - November 5, 2013 - General Election Results - Hunterdon County" (PDF). New Jersey Department of Elections. January 29, 2014. Retrieved December 24, 2014.
  92. 2009 Governor: Hunterdon County Archived 2012-10-17 at the Wayback Machine, New Jersey Department of State Division of Elections, December 31, 2009. Accessed November 14, 2012.
  93. 2019-2020 Public School Directory, Hunterdon County Department of Education. Accessed November 17, 2019.
  94. Clinton Town School 2013 Report Card Narrative, New Jersey Department of Education. Accessed July 8, 2016. "Clinton Public School is a pre-kindergarten through Grade Eight school located in the historic Town of Clinton in Hunterdon County. The school serves approximately 500 students from the Town of Clinton and the Borough of Glen Gardner."
  95. Letter dated November 30, 2009, Clinton Public School. Accessed May 23, 2013. "Previously named the Town of Clinton Board of Education and Town of Clinton School District, the passing of the by-law changed the names to be The Clinton-Glen Gardner Board of Education and The Clinton-Glen Gardner School District.... This change occurred as a result of the State government's June 30, 2009 passing of PL 2009 c. 78 which required the elimination of non-operating school districts and the creation of a merged district between the non-operating and receiving school."
  96. District information for Clinton-Glen Gardner School District, National Center for Education Statistics. Accessed April 1, 2020.
  97. About the North Hunterdon-Voorhees Regional High School District, North Hunterdon-Voorhees Regional High School District. Accessed February 15, 2015. "North Hunterdon High School educates students from: Bethlehem Township, Clinton Town, Clinton Township, Franklin Township, Lebanon Borough, Union Township; Voorhees High School educates students from: Califon, Glen Gardner, Hampton, High Bridge, Lebanon Township, Tewksbury Township"
  98. Information Regarding Choice of District School, North Hunterdon-Voorhees Regional High School District. Accessed February 15, 2015. "In the past, parents and students of the North Hunterdon High School sending districts were able to select either North Hunterdon High School or Voorhees High School as their school of choice.... As our student population continued to grow and our two high schools reached, and exceeded, 90% capacity, the option of choosing Voorhees was eliminated in the 2005-2006 school year for the North Hunterdon sending districts (Bethlehem Township, Clinton Township, Franklin Township, Lebanon Borough and Union Township – Clinton Town students still have choice as they are classmates at Clinton Public School with Glen Gardner students, who attend Voorhees)."
  99. About the District North Hunterdoon-Voorhees Regional High School District. Accessed February 15, 2015. "North Hunterdon High School educates students from: Bethlehem Township, Clinton Town, Clinton Township, Franklin Township, Lebanon Borough, Union Township; Voorhees High School educates students from: Califon, Glen Gardner, Hampton, High Bridge, Lebanon Township, Tewksbury Township"
  100. School data for North Hunterdon High School, National Center for Education Statistics. Accessed April 1, 2020.
  101. Voorhees High School 2015 Report Card Narrative, New Jersey Department of Education. Accessed June 3, 2016. "Voorhees High School has consistently ranked among the top high schools in New Jersey and was named a National Blue Ribbon School in 2015. With an enrollment of 1,095 students in grades 9-12, the school serves the communities of Califon, Glen Gardner, Hampton, High Bridge, Lebanon Township, and Tewksbury Township."
  102. Public School Directory 2015-2016, p. 55. Hunterdon County Department of Education. Accessed June 3, 2016.
  103. About the North Hunterdon-Voorhees Regional High School District, North Hunterdon-Voorhees Regional High School District, updated November 16, 2015. Accessed June 3, 2016. "North Hunterdon High School educates students from: Bethlehem Township, Clinton Town, Clinton Township, Franklin Township, Lebanon Borough, Union Township; Voorhees High School educates students from: Califon, Glen Gardner, Hampton, High Bridge, Lebanon Township, Tewksbury Township"
  104. Heyboer, Kelly. "How to get your kid a seat in one of N.J.'s hardest-to-get-into high schools", NJ Advance Media for NJ.com, May 2017. Accessed November 18, 2019. "Hunterdon County's vo-tech district has three academies for high-achieving students, all operating in partnerships with local high schools.... The academies are open to all students in the county. Students in the 8th grade are required to submit an application, schedule an interview and take a placement exam."
  105. Hunterdon County Mileage by Municipality and Jurisdiction, New Jersey Department of Transportation, July 2015. Accessed November 25, 2015.
  106. Interstate 78 Straight Line Diagram, New Jersey Department of Transportation, updated March 2016. Accessed November 15, 2019.
  107. Route 31 Straight Line Diagram, New Jersey Department of Transportation, updated May 2017. Accessed February 19, 2020.
  108. Route 173 Straight Line Diagram, New Jersey Department of Transportation, updated May 2018. Accessed February 19, 2020.
  109. Schedule From Allentown/Easton/NJ to New York Archived 2011-05-22 at the Wayback Machine, Trans-Bridge Lines. Accessed July 21, 2011.
  110. Hunterdon County Bus/Rail Connections, NJ Transit, backed up by the Internet Archive as of May 22, 2009. Accessed July 21, 2011.
  111. Raritan Valley Line, NJ Transit. Accessed October 8, 2013.
  112. LINK Hunterdon County Transportation, Hunterdon County Transportation. Accessed December 1, 2009.
  113. 31 Ride, Warren County, New Jersey. Accessed December 30, 2017.
  114. Staff. "Clinton a draw for filmmakers", New Jersey Hills, August 11, 2004. Accessed December 30, 2017. "It'’s one of the opening scenes from Turbulence, a 1997 film where Ray Liotta is the serial murderer described above.... Other movies that were partly filmed in Clinton included “One True Thing” (1998), starring Meryl Streep who portrayed a family struggling to come together after their mother is diagnosed with cancer. Another film was “In & Out” (1997), a comedy starring Kevin Kline that used Clinton as the town where Kline’'s character is a high school English teacher."
  115. Slusher, Jon. "Clinton Towne Restaurant celebrates 30th anniversary", Hunterdon Review, June 4, 2009. Accessed September 2, 2013. "Last year, the soap opera As the World Turns filmed in downtown Clinton and used a section of the restaurant as an area for the actors to get dressed and put on their make-up."
  116. John Taylor Bird, Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Accessed August 17, 2007.
  117. William Bonnell, National Gallery of Art. Accessed June 30, 2019. "William C. Bonnell, a Hunterdon County, New Jersey, portrait painter, was born on 1 February 1804 in the town of Clinton."
  118. Miller, Stuart. "Weekend Special: A Music 'Gumbo'", The New York Times, July 7, 2002. Accessed December 4, 2017. "It may be echoing a national trend, but the Black Potatoe Fest retains a distinct New Jersey flavor. Ms. Vigoda went to Princeton University, and Groovelily's drummer, Gene Lewin, not only went to Princeton, he grew up there and currently lives in West New York. Mr. Cagno grew up in Clinton."
  119. Anna Case House - 15 East Main Street Archived July 12, 2018, at the Wayback Machine, Town of Clinton. accessed July 13, 2018. "Anna Case, who became an outstanding opera singer was born at 15 East Main Street, on October 29, 1889."
  120. Fusco, Mary Ann Castronovo. "In Person; In Defense Of Columbus", The New York Times, October 8, 2000. Accessed June 30, 2019. "Mr. Connell, who was raised by parents of Irish, German, and Welsh descent in the Bronx and Westchester, has so enthusiastically embraced Italian culture that he reads fairy tales in Italian to his 16-month-old daughter, Zoe, at the Clinton home he shares with his wife, Nikki Shepardson, who teaches history at Rider University."
  121. Jordan, Chris. "Let It Rain; Kyp Malone's solo project tackles some, tough issues", Courier News, February 4, 2011. Accessed June 29, 2018. "Speaking of returns, Malone is a frequent visitor to Hunterdon County, mostly Frenchtown these days. He spent his teen years in Clinton and graduated from North Hunterdon High School in 1991."
  122. About, BarbaraMcClintockBooks.com. Accessed October 16, 2017. "I was born and spent the first part of my growing up in Clinton, NJ."
  123. Staff. "", Hunterdon County Democrat, December 13, 2012. Accessed June 30, 2019. "McGuire, an Ohio native, has lived in Clinton since 1994 with his wife, Jeannette Haviland-Jones, a professor of psychology at Rutgers."
  124. Staff. "For Kyle Merber, it’s all about running and promoting the sport he loves", USA Track & Field, May 16, 2016. Accessed June 30, 2019. "A 25-year-old resident of Clinton, New Jersey, Merber is recognized as a talented runner specializing in the mile and 1500 meters, whose love affair with track and field began years ago."
  125. Reich, Ronni. "NJ tenor James Valenti sings at the Richard Tucker Gala", The Star-Ledger, November 15, 2010. Accessed February 18, 2011. "Originally from Summit, Valenti grew up primarily in Clinton. (He now lives in Palm Beach, Fla.)"
  126. Proctor, Owen. "Nutley native Sharon Van Etten releases third album, gets national attention", The Nutley Sun, July 9, 2012. Accessed June 19, 2014. "Like her parents, the Nutley community was supportive of her early music education, she said. Her family later moved to Clinton."
  127. New Jersey Governor Foster McGowan Voorhees, National Governors Association. Accessed August 27, 2013.
  128. Pennington, Juliet. "The VIP Lounge with Jessica Vosk", The Boston Globe, June 23, 2017. Accessed October 10, 2017. "The Clinton, N.J., native, now calls West New York, N.J., home. Vosk, 33, who plays Elphaba (the role made popular by Idina Menzel), said she is enjoying spending time in Boston, where her younger brother, musician Daniel Vosk, went to school."
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