Cistus clusii

Cistus clusii is a shrubby species of flowering plant in the family Cistaceae, with white flowers, native to south west and south central Europe and north Africa. It has been wrongly called Cistus libanotis by many authors.

Cistus clusii
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Eudicots
Clade: Rosids
Order: Malvales
Family: Cistaceae
Genus: Cistus
Species:
C. clusii
Binomial name
Cistus clusii
Dunal[1]
Synonyms[1]

Description

Cistus clusii is a much branched shrub, up to 1 m (3 ft) tall. Its leaves are narrowly linear in shape, usually 1–2.5 cm (0.4–1.0 in) long by 1–2 mm (0.04–0.08 in) wide, with edges that are turned under (revolute), green on the upper side and densely covered with short hairs on the lower side, producing a whitish appearance. The flowers are arranged in an umbel-like cymes with up to 12 individual flowers, each 2–3 cm (0.8–1.2 in) across with five white petals and three sepals, 5–8 mm (0.2–0.3 in) long. The flower stalks (peduncles and pedicels) and the sepals are covered with long white hairs. The style is short.[2]

Taxonomy

Cistus clusii was first described by Michel Félix Dunal in 1824.[1][3] The specific epithet clusii honours Carolus Clusius. The name Cistus libanotis has been wrongly applied to this species by many authors.[2] A 2011 molecular phylogenetic study placed C. clusii in a clade with Cistus munbyi in the white and whitish pink clade of Cistus species, sister to all the remaining white and whitish pink flowered species.[4]

Phylogeny

Cistus clusii belongs to the white and whitish pink flowered clade of Cistus species.

Species-level cladogram of Cistus species.
 
 

  Halimium spp.  

 
 
     
PPC  
     

  Cistus crispus  

 
 
     
     

  Cistus asper  

 
 

  Cistus chinamadensis  

 
 

  Cistus horrens  

 
 

  Cistus ocreatus  

 
 

  Cistus osbeckiifolius  

 
 

  Cistus palmensis  

 
 

  Cistus symphytifolius  

 
 
 
     

  Cistus heterophyllus  

 
 
     

  Cistus albidus  

 
 

  Cistus creticus  

 
 
 
 
 
 
 

  Halimium spp.  

 
 
  WWPC  
     
     

  Cistus clusii  

 
 

  Cistus munbyi  

 
 
 
     

  Cistus inflatus  

 
 

  Cistus ladanifer  

 
 

  Cistus laurifolius  

 
 

  Cistus libanotis  

 
 

  Cistus monspeliensis  

 
 

  Cistus parviflorus  

 
 

  Cistus populifolius  

 
 

  Cistus pouzolzii  

 
 

  Cistus salviifolius  

 
 

  Cistus sintenisii  

 
 
 
 
  Purple
  Pink
  Clade
  White
  Whitish Pink
  Clade
Species-level cladogram of Cistus species, based on plastid and nuclear DNA sequences.[5][6][7][4]

Distribution

Cistus clusii is native to north Africa[7] and the west and central Mediterranean region: southern Spain, the Balearic Islands, south-east Italy and Sicily.[2]

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References
  1. "Cistus clusii", The Plant List, retrieved 2015-03-02
  2. Warburg, E.F. (1968), "Cistus clusii", in Tutin, T.G.; Heywood, V.H.; Burges, N.A.; Valentine, D.H.; Walters, S.M. & Webb, D.A. (eds.), Flora Europaea, Volume 2: Rosaceae to Umbelliferae, Cambridge University Press, p. 284, ISBN 978-0-521-06662-4
  3. Dunal, M.F. (1824), "28. C. clusii (Cistineae)", in de Candolle, A.P. (ed.), Prodromus systematis naturalis regni vegetablis, p. 266, retrieved 2015-03-06
  4. Civeyrel, Laure; Leclercq, Julie; Demoly, Jean-Pierre; Agnan, Yannick; Quèbre, Nicolas; Pélissier, Céline & Otto, Thierry (2011), "Molecular systematics, character evolution, and pollen morphology of Cistus and Halimium (Cistaceae)", Plant Systematics and Evolution, 295 (1–4): 23–54, doi:10.1007/s00606-011-0458-7
  5. Guzmán, B. & Vargas, P. (2005). "Systematics, character evolution, and biogeography of Cistus L. (Cistaceae) based on ITS, trnL-trnF, and matK sequences". Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution. 37 (3): 644–660. doi:10.1016/j.ympev.2005.04.026. PMID 16055353.
  6. Guzmán, B. & Vargas, P. (2009). "Historical biogeography and character evolution of Cistaceae (Malvales) based on analysis of plastid rbcL and trnL-trnF sequences". Organisms Diversity & Evolution. 9 (2): 83–99. doi:10.1016/j.ode.2009.01.001.
  7. Guzman, B.; Lledo, M.D. & Vargas, P. (2009), "Adaptive Radiation in Mediterranean Cistus (Cistaceae)", PLoS ONE, 4: e6362, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0006362, PMC 2719431, PMID 19668338
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