Chilperic II

Chilperic II (c. 672 – 13 February 721), known as Daniel prior to his coronation, was the youngest son of Childeric II and his half-cousin, king of Neustria from 715 and sole king of the Franks from 718 until his death.

For the Burgundian king ruling 443–480, see Chilperic II of Burgundy.

Chilperic II
Charter for the abbey of Saint-Denis. Issued by Chilperic II in 716.
King of the Franks
Reign	718–721
Predecessor	Vacant (previous Dagobert III)
Successor	Theuderic IV
Mayor of the Palace	Charles Martel
King of Neustria
Reign	715–718
Predecessor	Dagobert III
Born	672
Died	13 February 721 (aged 48–49) Attigny, Ardennes
Issue	?Childeric III
Dynasty	Merovingian
Father	Childeric II
Mother	Bilichild

As an infant, he was spirited to a monastery to protect his life from the internecine feuding of his family. There, he was raised as Daniel until the death of Dagobert III in 715, when he was taken from the monastery — at the age of forty-three — and raised on the shield of the Neustrian warriors as king, as was the custom. He took the royal name of Chilperic, though due to his monastic upbringing, he was a very different man from Chilperic I.

First, it appears he was supposed to be but a tool in the hands of Ragenfrid, the mayor of the palace of Neustria, acclaimed in 714 in opposition to Theudoald, Pepin of Heristal's designated heir. Chilperic, however, was his own man: both a fighter and a leader, always at the forefront in battle at the head of his troops. In 716, he and Ragenfrid together led an army into Austrasia, then being warred over by Plectrude, on behalf of her grandson Theudoald, and Charles Martel, the son of Pepin of Heristal. The Neustrians allied with another invading force under Radbod, King of the Frisians and met Charles in battle near Cologne, then held by Plectrude. Chilperic was victorious and Charles fled to the mountains of the Eifel. The king and his mayor then turned to besiege their other rival in the city. Plectrude acknowledged Chilperic as king, gave over the Austrasian treasury, and abandoned her grandson's claim to the mayoralty.

At this juncture, events took a turn against Chilperic. As he and Ragenfrid were leading their triumphant soldiers back to Neustria, Charles fell on them near Malmedy and in the Battle of Amblève, Charles routed them and they fled. Thereafter, Charles Martel remained virtually undefeated and Chilperic's strong will was subdued in a series of campaigns waged in Neustrian territory.

In 717, Charles returned to Neustria with an army and confirmed his supremacy with a victory at Vincy, near Cambrai. He chased the fleeing king and mayor to Paris before turning back to deal with Plectrude and Cologne. On succeeding there, he proclaimed Chlothar IV king of Austrasia in opposition to Chilperic. In 718, Chilperic, in response, allied with Odo the Great, the duke of Aquitaine who had made himself independent during the contests in 715, but he was again defeated by Charles, at Soissons. The king fled with his ducal ally to the land south of the Loire and Ragenfrid fled to Angers. Soon Chlothar IV died. Odo then gave up on Chilperic and, in exchange for Charles recognising Chilperic's kingship over all the Franks, the king surrendered his political power to Charles, whom he recognized as Mayor over all the kingdoms (718).

In 719, he was officially raised on the shield as king of all the Franks, but he survived but a year and his successors were mere rois fainéants. He died in Attigny and was buried in Noyon. Chilperic II may have been the father of Childeric III, but this remains uncertain.[1]

References

1. Rosenwein 2009, p. 84.

Sources

• Oman, Charles. The Dark Ages, 476–918. London: Rivingtons, 1914.
• Rosenwein, Barbara H. (2009). A Short History of the Middle Ages. University of Toronto.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)

External links

• From Merovingians to Carolingians: Dynastic Change in Frankia.

Chilperic II Merovingian Dynasty Born: 672 Died: 721
Preceded by Dagobert III	King of the Franks 715–717	Vacant Title next held by Theuderic IV
	King of Austrasia 715–717	Succeeded by Chlothar IV
	King of Neustria & Burgundy 715–721	Succeeded by Theuderic IV