Casualties of the Ukrainian crisis

The number of deaths in the Ukrainian crisis has climbed into the thousands since it started in late November 2013, with most of them occurring during the War in Donbass.

Euromaidan
Main articles: Euromaidan and List of people killed during Euromaidan

During the events of the Euromaidan protests in Kiev from 21 November 2013 through 23 February 2014, a total of 110–123 protesters and 18 police officers were killed in street clashes in the Ukrainian capital.[1][2][3] In addition, one more participant of the Euromaidan was stabbed to death in clashes with pro-Russian activists on 13 March 2014, in Donetsk.[4]

Crimean crisis
Main article: Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation

During the Russian annexation of Crimea from 23 February through 19 March 2014, six people were killed. The dead included: three protesters (two pro-Russian and one pro-Ukrainian),[5][6][7][8] two soldiers[9] and one Crimean SDF trooper.[10] The two Ukrainian soldiers who were killed are regularly included in the military death toll from the War in Donbass.[11] On 10 August 2016, Russia accused the Special Forces of Ukraine of conducting a raid near the Crimean town of Armyansk which killed two Russian servicemen. The government of Ukraine dismissed the report as a provocation.[12]

Odessa clashes and Kharkiv bombing
Main articles: 2014 Odessa clashes and 2015 Kharkiv bombing

Between 26 January and 27 December 2014, sporadic clashes occurred in the city of Odessa. The deadliest of these were the 2 May 2014 Odessa clashes when 48 protesters were killed[13] (46 pro-Russian and 2 pro-Ukrainian).[14][15] In addition, one person was killed in a bomb explosion in Odessa on 27 December 2014. The same day, another man was killed in a bombing in the city of Kherson. Both men were identified as the bombers in both explosions.[16] Later, in 2015, on 22 February, a bomb exploded during a rally in Kharkiv leaving four people dead,[17] including a policeman.[18]

War in Donbass
Main article: War in Donbass

The overall number of confirmed deaths in the War in Donbass, which started on 6 April 2014, has been put at 13,000–13,200.[19]

Total deaths
Breakdown Fatalities Time period Source
TOTAL 13,000–13,200 killed 6 April 2014 – 15 February 2020 United Nations[19]
Civilians 3,353 killed (312 foreign) 6 April 2014 – 31 March 2020 United Nations[20]
UAF, NGU and volunteer forces 4,431 killed[note 1] 6 April 2014 – 2 June 2020 Museum of Military History[11][21][22]
DPR and LPR forces 5,670 killed 6 April 2014 – 26 June 2020 United Nations & DPR[19][23]
Russian Armed Forces 400–500 killed[note 2] 6 April 2014 – 10 March 2015 U.S. State Department[24]

Initially, the known number of Ukrainian military casualties varied widely due to the Ukrainian Army drastically understating its casualties,[25] as reported by medics, activists and soldiers on the ground, as well as at least one lawmaker.[25][26][27][28][29] Several medical officials reported they were overstretched due to the drastic number of casualties.[25] Eventually, the Ukrainian Defense Ministry stated that the numbers recorded by the National Museum of Military History were the official ones, although still incomplete,[30] with 4,409 deaths (4,270 identified and 139 unidentified) cataloged by 1 March 2020.[11][21]

Deaths by regions
Deaths of Ukrainian soldiers in 2018.[31]

The following table does not include the 298 deaths from the shootdown of Malaysia Airlines Flight 17 or the deaths of Ukrainian servicemen, which are listed separately.

Region Fatalities Time period Source
Donetsk region 2,420 civilians and rebels killed[32] 6 April 2014 – 15 February 2015 OCHA
Luhansk region 1,185 civilians and rebels killed[note 3][32] 1 May 2014 – 15 February 2015 OCHA
Donetsk region 4,932 civilians and rebels killed[36] 6 April 2014 – 24 July 2020 DPR
Luhansk region 1,328 civilians and rebels killed[37][38] 6 April 2014 – 31 December 2017 LPR

Missing and captured

At the beginning of June 2015, the Donetsk region’s prosecutors reported 1,592 civilians had gone missing in government-controlled areas, of which 208 had been located.[39] At the same time, a report by the United Nations stated 1,331–1,460 people were missing, including at least 378 soldiers and 216 civilians. 345 unidentified bodies, of mostly soldiers, were also confirmed to be held at morgues in the Dnipropetrovsk Oblast or buried.[40] In all, as of late October, 774 people were missing according to the government,[41] including 271 soldiers.[42] By the end of December 2017, the number of confirmed missing on the Ukrainian side was 402,[43] including 123 soldiers.[44] The separatists also reported 433 missing on their side by mid-December 2016.[45]

As of mid-March 2015, according to the Security Service of Ukraine (SBU), 1,553 separatists had been released from captivity during prisoner exchanges between the two sides.[46] Subsequently, Ukraine released another 322 people by late February 2016,[47][48][49][50] while by September, 1,598 security forces members and 1,484 civilians had been released by the rebels.[51] 1,110 separatist fighters and supporters, including 743 civilians, were reportedly still being held by Ukrainian forces as of late March 2016.[52] The figure of separatist prisoners was updated to 816, including 287–646 civilians, in December.[53][45] At the end of May 2015, the Ukrainian commander of Donetsk airport, Oleg Kuzminykh, who was captured during the battle for the complex, was released.[54]

In December 2017, a large prisoner exchange took place where the rebels released 73 out of 176 prisoners they were holding, while Ukraine released 306 out of 380 of their prisoners. Out of those that were released by Ukraine, 29 brought to the exchange point refused to go back to separatist-held territory, while 40 who were already previously released did not show up for the exchange. Meanwhile, out of those released by the rebels, 32 were soldiers. This brought the overall number of prisoners released by the rebels to 3,215.[43] Among those still held by the separatists, 74 were soldiers.[55] The number of released prisoners was updated to 3,224 in late June 2018,[56] while the number of those still held by the rebels was put at 113.[57] At the end of December 2019, a new prisoner exchange took place, with Ukraine releasing 124 separatist fighters and their supporters, while 76 prisoners, including 12 soldiers, were returned to Ukraine by the rebels. Another five or six prisoners released by the separatists decided to stay in rebel-controlled territories.[58][59]

Foreign fighters

Foreign volunteers have been involved in the conflict fighting on both sides. The NGO Cargo 200 reported that they documented the deaths of 1,479 Russian citizens while fighting as part of the rebel forces.[60] The United States Department of State estimated 400–500 of these were regular Russian soldiers.[24] Two Kyrgyz and one Georgian have also been killed fighting on the separatist side.[61][62] Additionally, at least 211 foreign-born Ukrainian citizens and 13 foreigners died on the Ukrainian side.[63] One of those killed was the former Chechen rebel commander Isa Munayev.[64]

In late August 2015, according to a reported leak by a Russian news site, Business Life (Delovaya Zhizn), 2,000 Russian soldiers had been killed in Ukraine by 1 February 2015.[65][66]

Foreign civilians

312 foreign civilians have died: 298 passengers and crew of Malaysia Airlines Flight 17,[67] 11 Russian journalists,[60] an Italian journalist,[68][69] one Russian civilian in cross-border shelling[70] and a Lithuanian diplomat.[71]

Notes
  1. The number of Ukrainian soldiers killed includes the deaths of two servicemen during the Annexation of Crimea by the Russian Federation.
  2. The deaths of the Russian soldiers have not been confirmed by their government and have possibly been included in the toll of dead rebel fighters.
  3. Out of the 1,185 civilians and rebels killed in the Luhansk region by 15 February 2015,[32] 456 were civilians who died by 29 October.[33] In addition, 526 of the civilians and rebels died in Luhansk city alone by 11 September,[34] of which 300 were confirmed as civilians by 31 August.[35]
gollark: I posted that, bee.
gollark: Maintaining current standards of living, and also not having everyone die due to lack of food, needs roughly current technology. Maintaining current technology requires large-scale coordination. Thus, problems.
gollark: The blurb is more descriptive.
gollark: We do *need* large-scale things. I feel like that's quite important.
gollark: > December 2012, a massive solar storm knocks out the power grid. Three hundred million Americans are suddenly faced with a survival situation. They have no water, electricity or fuel. Food rapidly disappears from the store shelves, not to be replaced. Only three percent will survive. Those three percent will have much in common. What does it take to be one of them?

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