Carinacea

The infraclassis Carinacea includes most living species of regular sea urchin, and fossil forms going back as far as the Triassic.

Carinacea Temporal range: Late Triassic – Recent PreꞒ Ꞓ O S D C P T J K Pg N
Paracentrotus lividus
Scientific classification
Kingdom:	Animalia
Phylum:	Echinodermata
Class:	Echinoidea
Subclass:	Euechinoidea
Infraclass:	Carinacea Kroh & Smith, 2010
Superorders
Calycina Echinacea

Taxonomy

List of orders according to World Register of Marine Species :

• Super-order Calycina
  • Order Phymosomatoida†
  • Order Salenioida
• Super-order Echinacea
  • Order Arbacioida (Gregory, 1900)
  • Order Camarodonta (Jackson, 1912)
  • Order Stomopneustoida (Kroh & Smith, 2010)
  • Familia Glyphopneustidae Smith & Wright, 1993†
• Familia Hemicidaridae Wright, 1857†
• Familia Orthopsidae Duncan, 1889†
• Familia Pseudodiadematidae Pomel, 1883†

• 
  Phymosoma granulosum (Phymosomatoida)
• 
  Salenocidaris hastigera (Salenioida)
• 
  Arbacia lixula (Arbacioida)
• 
  Paracentrotus lividus (Camarodonta)
• 
  Stomopneustes variolaris (Stomopneustoida)
• 
  Hemicidaris intermedia (Hemicidaridae)
• 
  Acrocidaris nobilis (Pseudodiadematidae)

Bibliography

• Andreas Kroh et Andrew B. Smith, « The phylogeny and classification of post-Palaeozoic echinoids », Journal of Systematic Palaeontology, vol. 8, no 2, 2010, p. 147-212