Carapacha Formation

The Carapacha Formation is a geological formation of the Sierra de Calencó, Carapacha Basin of La Pampa Province, Argentina whose strata date back to the Artinskian to Wuchiapingian of the Permian. The formation comprises two members, the lower Calencó member, named after the eponymous mountain range, and the Urre-Lauquen member, named after the Urre-Lauquen Lake bordering the range to the north.

Carapacha Formation
Stratigraphic range: Artinskian-Wuchiapingian
~280–252 Ma
TypeGeological formation
Sub-unitsCalencó & Urre-Lauquen members
UnderliesChoiyoi Group (partially intruding)
Overliesnot observed
Thickness630 m (2,070 ft)
Lithology
PrimarySandstone, mudstone
OtherConglomerate, paleosols
Location
Coordinates38.2°S 65.9°W / -38.2; -65.9
Approximate paleocoordinates51.6°S 43.1°W / -51.6; -43.1
RegionLa Pampa Province
Country Argentina
ExtentSierra de Calencó, Carapacha Basin
Carapacha Formation (Argentina)

The members are separated by an unconformity and represent a lacustrine (Calencó) and fluvial-dominated depositional environment. Ichnofossils of several groups of Permian reptiles and amphibians as well as flora have been retrieved from the formation. Traces on especially the Glossopteris leaves have been interpreted as suction tracks by arthropods.

Description
Late Permian (260 Ma)

The Carapacha Basin is considered to be a continental half-graben of Permian age located in southern La Pampa province, central Argentina, between approximately 37° 30' to 38° 40' S and 65° 40' to 66° 20' W. The basin filling is about 630 metres (2,070 ft) thick and entirely composed of the Carapacha Formation. The base of the formation cannot be observed and is covered and intruded by Permian-Triassic volcanic rocks of the Choiyoi Group.[1]

The Carapacha Formation comprises red and gray arkosic or lithic sandstones, mudstones and rare conglomerates. The formation has been subdivided into two members, separated by an unconformity; the lower Calencó Member and the upper Urre-Lauquen Member. The lower member was deposited in a lacustrine environment, while braided fluvial environments dominate the upper member.[2]

Fossil content

The following fossils were reported from the formation:[3]

  • Ichnofossils
    • Batrachichnus salamandroides[4]
    • Hyloidichnus bifurcatus[5]
    • Characichnos sp.[6]
    • cf. Amphisauropus sp.[4]
    • cf. Varanopus sp.[7]
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See also

References
  1. Melchor & Sarjeant, 2004, p.58
  2. Melchor & Sarjeant, 2004, p.59
  3. Carapacha Formation at Fossilworks.org
  4. Melchor & Sarjeant, 2004, p.63
  5. Melchor & Sarjeant, 2004, p.69
  6. Melchor & Sarjeant, 2004, p.73
  7. Melchor & Sarjeant, 2004, p.72
  8. Cariglino & Melchor, 2018
  9. Melchor & Cesari, 1991

Bibliography
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