Capulus

Capulus is a genus of small sea snails, marine gastropod mollusks in the family Capulidae, the cap snails.[1]

Capulus
Temporal range: 443.8–0.0 Ma Silurian to Recent
Two shells of Capulus ungaricus with the periostracum removed
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Gastropoda
Clade: Caenogastropoda
Clade: Hypsogastropoda
Order: Littorinimorpha
Family: Capulidae
Genus: Capulus
Montfort, 1810
Type species
Patella ungarica
Linnaeus, 1758
Synonyms
  • Actita Fischer von Waldheim, 1823 (Unnecessary substitute name for Capulus and Pileopsis)
  • Brocchia Bronn, 1828
  • Capulonix Iredale, 1929
  • Pileopsis Lamarck, 1822
  • Pileopsis (Brocchia) Bronn, 1828

Species

Species within the genus Capulus include:

  • Capulus badius Dunker, 1882
  • Capulus californicus Dall, 1900
  • Capulus compressus E. A. Smith, 1891
  • Capulus danieli (Crosse, 1858)
  • † Capulus deurganckensis Marquet & Landau, 2006
  • Capulus devexus (May, 1916)
  • Capulus dilatatus A. Adams, 1860
  • Capulus elegans (Tapparone Canefri, 1877)
  • Capulus fragilis E. A. Smith, 1904
  • Capulus huangi S.-I Huang & Y.-F. Huang, 2012
  • Capulus japonicus A. Adams, 1861
  • Capulus kawamurai Habe, 1992
  • Capulus ngai Thach, 2016
  • Capulus novaezelandiae Dell, 1978
  • Capulus otohimeae (Habe, 1946)
  • † Capulus partimsinuosus (S. V. Wood, 1848)
  • Capulus sericeus J. Burch & R. Burch, 1961
  • Capulus simplex Locard, 1898[2]
  • † Capulus sinuosus (Brocchi, 1814)
  • Capulus spondylicola Habe, 1967
  • Capulus subcompressus Pelseneer, 1903[3]
  • Capulus ungaricoides (d'Orbigny, 1841)
  • Capulus ungaricus (Linnaeus, 1758)[4]
  • Capulus violaceus Angas, 1867
Capulus danieli
Species brought into synonymy
  • Capulus bicarinatus (Pease, 1861a): synonym of Amathina bicarinata Pease, 1861
  • Capulus chilensis Dall, 1904: synonym of Capulus ungaricoides (d'Orbigny, 1841)
  • † Capulus corrugatus (extinct/fossil) [5]: synonym of † Capulus partimsinuosus (S. V. Wood, 1848)
  • Capulus devotus Hedley, 1904: synonym of Malluvium devotum (Hedley, 1904) (original combination)
  • Capulus galea Dall, 1889: synonym of Hyalorisia galea (Dall, 1889)
  • Capulus galeus [sic]: synonym of Capulus galea Dall, 1889: synonym of Hyalorisia galea (Dall, 1889)
  • Capulus hungaricus [sic]: synonym of Capulus ungaricus (Linnaeus, 1758)
  • Capulus incurvus (Gmelin, 1791): synonym of Hipponix incurvus (Gmelin, 1791)
  • Capulus intortus (Lamarck, 1822):[6] synonym of Hipponix incurvus (Gmelin, 1791)
  • Capulus kawamurai Habe, 1992: synonym of Capulus danieli (Crosse, 1858)
  • Capulus liberatus Pease, 1868: synonym of Krebsia liberata (Pease, 1868)
  • Capulus lissus E.A. Smith, 1894: synonym of Malluvium lissum (E. A. Smith, 1894)
  • Capulus militaris (Linnaeus, 1771): synonym of Capulus ungaricus (Linnaeus, 1758)
  • Capulus nutatus Hedley, 1908: synonym of Williamia radiata nutata (Hedley, 1908)
  • Capulus radiatus M. Sars, 1851: synonym of Piliscus radiatus (Sars M., 1851): synonym of Piliscus commodus (Middendorff, 1851)
  • Capulus sagittifer Gould, 1852: synonym of Phenacolepas sagittifer (Gould, 1852)
  • Capulus shreevei Conrad, 1869: synonym of Cyrtopleura costata (Linnaeus, 1758)
  • Capulus sycophanta Garrard, 1961: synonym of Capulus danieli (Crosse, 1858)
  • Capulus uncinatus (Hutton, 1873): synonym of Capulus danieli (Crosse, 1858)

According to the Indo-Pacific Molluscan Database (OBIS) the following species names are also in current use [7]

  • Capulus irregularis E. A. Smith, 1895
  • Capulus paleacea Menke
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References
  1. Capulus Montfort, 1810. Gofas, S. (2009). Capulus Montfort, 1810. In: Bouchet, P.; Gofas, S.; Rosenberg, G. (2009) World Marine Mollusca database. Accessed through: World Register of Marine Species at http://www.marinespecies.org/aphia.php?p=taxdetails&id=137729 on 28 May 2012 .
  2. Capulus simplex Locard, 1898. Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 5 June 2010.
  3. Capulus subcompressus Pelseneer, 1903. Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 5 June 2010.
  4. Capulus ungaricus (Linnaeus, 1758). Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 5 June 2010.
  5. Ludvigsen, Rolf & Beard, Graham. 1997. West Coast Fossils: A Guide to the Ancient Life of Vancouver Island. pg. 112
  6. Capulus intortus (Lamarck, 1822). Retrieved through: World Register of Marine Species on 5 June 2010.
  7. OBIS : Capulus
  • Gofas, S.; Le Renard, J.; Bouchet, P. (2001). Mollusca, in: Costello, M.J. et al. (Ed.) (2001). European register of marine species: a check-list of the marine species in Europe and a bibliography of guides to their identification. Collection Patrimoines Naturels, 50: pp. 180–213
  • Beu A.G. (2004) Marine Mollusca of oxygen isotope stages of the last 2 million years in New Zealand. Part 1: Revised generic positions and recognition of warm-water and cool-water migrants. Journal of the Royal Society of New Zealand 34(2): 111-265. page(s): 192
  • Spencer, H.; Marshall. B. (2009). All Mollusca except Opisthobranchia. In: Gordon, D. (Ed.) (2009). New Zealand Inventory of Biodiversity. Volume One: Kingdom Animalia. 584 pp
  • Montfort P. [Denys de. (1808-1810). Conchyliologie systématique et classification méthodique des coquilles. Paris: Schoell. Vol. 1: pp. lxxxvii + 409 [1808]. Vol. 2: pp. 676 + 16]
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