Cadiot–Chodkiewicz coupling

The Cadiot–Chodkiewicz coupling in organic chemistry is a coupling reaction between a terminal alkyne and a haloalkyne catalyzed by a copper(I) salt such as copper(I) bromide and an amine base.[1][2] The reaction product is a 1,3-diyne or di-alkyne.

Cadiot–Chodkiewicz coupling
Named after Paul Cadiot
Wladyslav Chodkiewicz
Reaction type Coupling reaction
Identifiers
Organic Chemistry Portal cadiot-chodkiewicz-coupling
RSC ontology ID RXNO:0000100

The reaction mechanism involves deprotonation by base of the terminal alkyne proton followed by formation of a copper(I) acetylide. A cycle of oxidative addition and reductive elimination on the copper centre then creates a new carbon-carbon bond.

Scope

Unlike the related Glaser coupling the Cadiot–Chodkiewicz coupling proceeds selectively and will only couple the alkyne to the haloalkyne, giving a single product. By comparison the Glaser coupling would simply produce a distribution of all possible couplings. In one study[3] the Cadiot–Chodkiewicz coupling has been applied in the synthesis of acetylene macrocycles starting from cis-1,4-diethynyl-1,4-dimethoxycyclohexa-2,5-diene. This compound is also the starting material for the dibromide through N-bromosuccinimide (NBS) and silver nitrate:

Cadiot–Chodkiewicz coupling application

The coupling reaction itself takes place in methanol with piperidine, the hydrochloric acid salt of hydroxylamine and copper(I) bromide.[3]

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See also

References
  1. Chodkiewicz, W. Ann. Chim. Paris 1957, 2, 819–69.
  2. Cadiot, P.; Chodkiewicz, W. In Chemistry of Acetylenes; Viehe, H. G., Ed.; Marcel Dekker: New York, 1969; pp 597–647.
  3. Bandyopadhyay, Arkasish; Varghese, Babu; Sankararaman, Sethuraman (2006). "Synthesis of 1,4-Cyclohexadiene-Based Acetylenic Macrocycles with Cadiot–Chodkiewicz Coupling. Structure of a Tub-Shaped Tetrameric Container". Journal of Organic Chemistry. 71 (12): 4544–4548. doi:10.1021/jo0605290. PMID 16749787.
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