Brčko District

Brčko District (Brčko Distrikt / Брчко Дистрикт, pronounced [br̩̂tʃkoː]), officially the Brčko District of Bosnia and Herzegovina (Brčko Distrikt Bosne i Hercegovine / Брчко Дистрикт Босне и Херцеговине), is a self-governing administrative unit in north-eastern Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Brčko District of Bosnia and Herzegovina

Брчко Дистрикт Босне и Херцеговине
Brčko Distrikt Bosne i Hercegovine
Self-governing administrative unit
Flag
Coat of arms
Location of Brčko District within Bosnia and Herzegovina
Coordinates: 44°52′0″N 18°47′0″E
Country Bosnia and Herzegovina
Established by final arbitration decision5 March 1999
Statute took effect8 March 2000
SeatBrčko
Government
 • MayorSiniša Milić (SNSD)
 • President of the AssemblyEsed Kadrić (SDA)
 • International Supervisor[lower-alpha 1]Michael Scanlan
Area
 • Total493 km2 (190 sq mi)
Population
 (2013)
 • Total83,516
 • Density170/km2 (440/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
76100
Area code(s)(+387) 49
ISO 3166 codeBA-BRC
WebsiteGovernment website,
Assembly website
Map of the District
Dayton boundary lines before the formation of the Brčko District

Officially a condominium of the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina and Republika Srpska, it was formed in 1999 to reflect Brčko and the surrounding areas' multi-ethnic nature and special status within the newly independent Bosnia. In reality, it functions as a local self-government area, much like the other municipalities in the country.

The seat of the district is the city of Brčko.

History

The Brčko District was established after an arbitration process undertaken by the High Representative for Bosnia and Herzegovina. According to the Dayton Peace Accords however, the process could only arbitrate the disputed portion of the Inter-Entity Boundary Line (IEBL).[1] The Brčko District was formed of the entire territory of the former Brčko municipality, of which 48% (including Brčko city) was in the new formed Republika Srpska, while 52% was in the old Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Since the end of the Bosnian War, the European Union (EU) has maintained a diplomatic peace-keeping presence in the area.

Brčko was the only element in the Dayton Peace Agreement which was not finalized. The arbitration agreement was finalized in March 1999 resulting in a "district" as mentioned above which was to be administrated by an American Principal Deputy High Representative who is also ex officio the Brčko International Supervisor.

In 2006, under the Supervisory Order, all "Entity legislation in Brčko District and the IEBL" was abolished. The ruling made by the Brčko Supervisor Susan Johnson abolishes all Entity Laws in the District, as well as abolishing the Entity Border Line. The ruling makes the Laws of the District and the Laws of the State of Bosnia and Herzegovina (including the laws of the Socialist Republic of Bosnia and Herzegovina) paramount within the District.[2]

The first Brčko International Supervisor arrived in April 1997. Prior to that time, the Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) had a modest office headed by Randolph Hampton. During the interim time before the District of Brčko could be represented post arbitration agreement, local elections were held, and humanitarian relief was provided with cooperation from the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) and ECHO. The District became known as a center for different state-building programs run by foreign governments, particularly the United States.

Following a Peace Implementation Council (PIC) meeting on 23 May 2012, it was decided to suspend, not terminate, the mandate of the Brčko International Supervisor. The Brčko Arbitral Tribunal, together with the suspended Brčko Supervision, continues to exist.[3]

Settlements

Demographics

Ethnic groups

The ethnic composition of Brčko district:

Ethnic group Population
1961		 Population
1971		 Population
1981		 Population
1991[4]		 Population
2013[4]
Bosniaks/Muslims 16,484 30,181 32,434 38,617 35,381
Serbs 17,897 17,709 16,707 18,128 28,884
Croats 21,994 24,925 23,975 22,252 17,252
Yugoslavs 5,904 1,086 8,342 5,731 -
Others 673 870 1,310 2,899 1,999
Total 62,952 74,771 82,768 87,627 83,516
1961 census
  • Ethnic structure of Brčko by settlements 1961
  • Ethnic structure of Brčko by settlements 1961
  • Share of Bosniaks in Brčko by settlements 1961
  • Share of Croats in Brčko by settlements 1961
  • Share of Serbs in Brčko by settlements 1961
1971 census
  • Ethnic structure of Brčko by settlements 1971
  • Ethnic structure of Brčko by settlements 1971
  • Share of Bosniaks in Brčko by settlements 1971
  • Share of Croats in Brčko by settlements 1971
  • Share of Serbs in Brčko by settlements 1971
1981 census
  • Ethnic structure of Brčko by settlements 1981
  • Ethnic structure of Brčko by settlements 1981
  • Share of Bosniaks in Brčko by settlements 1981
  • Share of Croats in Brčko by settlements 1981
  • Share of Serbs in Brčko by settlements 1981
1991 census
  • Ethnic structure of Brčko by settlements 1991
  • Ethnic structure of Brčko by settlements 1991
  • Share of Bosniaks in Brčko by settlements 1991
  • Share of Croats in Brčko by settlements 1991
  • Share of Serbs in Brčko by settlements 1991
2013 census
  • Ethnic structure of Brčko by settlements 2013
  • Ethnic structure of Brčko by settlements 2013
  • Share of Bosniaks in Brčko by settlements 2013
  • Share of Croats in Brčko by settlements 2013
  • Share of Serbs in Brčko by settlements 2013

Government and politics

There are 31 seats in the Assembly of the Brčko District. The seats are divided as follows as of 2016:[5]

Constituency[6] Council[7] Mayor[8]
elected by Council
Party Popular vote % Seats Mayor Votes %
Brčko Serb Democratic Party—National Democratic Movement 5,908 15.06 5 Siniša Milić, SNSD 21 68%
Alliance of Independent Social Democrats 5,512 14.05 4
Party of Democratic Action 4,989 12.72 4
Croatian Democratic Union 3,940 10.04 3
Brčko Democratic Movement 3,247 8.28 2
Party of Democratic Progress—Progressive Srpska 2,754 7.02 2
Croatian Peasant Party of Stjepan Radić 2,335 5.95 2
Union for a Better Future of BiH 2,049 5.22 2
Social Democratic Party 2,045[9] 5.21 3[10]
Party for Bosnia and Herzegovina 1,780 4.54 1
Socialist Party 1,773 4.52 1
Democratic Front 1,312 3.34 1
Minority candidate Ćazim Dačaj (384) – 1
Total 41,772 31

Notable people
gollark: No, just meddle with the minified output.
gollark: Based on the output of `ls node_modules | wc -l` I have 732 dependencies on my project.
gollark: I would reduce my dependency count, except that's basically impossible.
gollark: Fun!
gollark: What do you mean?

See also

Notes
  1. Position suspended since 23 May 2012.

References
  1. Dayton Agreement, Annex 2, Article V Archived April 15, 2007, at the Wayback Machine
  2. Supervisory Order Abolishes Entity Legislation, Ends Legal Significance of IEBL in Brčko District Archived August 13, 2006, at the Wayback Machine
  3. Press Conference Following the Meeting of the Steering Board of the Peace implementation Council on 23/5/2012
  4. "Popis 2013 u BiH – Brčko District". statistika.ba (in Bosnian). Retrieved 29 December 2018.
  5. GRAFIČKI PRIKAZ SALE SKUPŠTINE BRČKO DISTRIKTA BIH
  6. The three-digit numbers in the municipality column are the codes used for the municipalities on the Central Electoral Commission site
  7. (in Croatian)Council results from Central Electoral Commission site
  8. (in Croatian)Major of Brčko Archived 2018-06-19 at the Wayback Machine
  9. additional 531 votes from minority constituency
  10. including one minority candidate
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