Bouraq Indonesia Airlines

Bouraq Indonesia Airlines, often shortened to Bouraq Airlines or just Bouraq, was an airline headquartered in Jakarta, Indonesia, which operated mostly domestic passenger flights out of its bases at Soekarno-Hatta International Airport and Sultan Aji Muhammad Sulaiman Airport.

"Bouraq" redirects here. For other uses, see Buraq (disambiguation).
Bouraq Indonesia Airlines
IATA ICAO Callsign
BO BOU BOURAQ[1]
Founded1970
Ceased operations2005
HubsSoekarno-Hatta International Airport
Sultan Aji Muhammad Sulaiman Airport
Juanda International Airport
SubsidiariesBali Air
Fleet size70
Destinations10+
HeadquartersJakarta, Indonesia
Key peopleJarry Albert Sumendap (owner)

History
A Bouraq Indonesia Airlines Boeing 707 at Singapore International Airport in 1978.

Bouraq Airlines was established in 1970 as a privately owned company by Jarry Albert Sumendap, and it stayed in the possession of his family ever since.[2] It was named for al-Buraq, a flying horse in Muslim tradition. Bali Air was another airline owned by Sumendap, which was co-operating with Bouraq. Initially the airline operated Douglas DC-3s. From 1973 the turboprop Hawker Siddeley HS 748 was introduced on Bouraq services.

Both airlines were shut down in 2005 after prolonged financial problems. The last scheduled Bouraq flight took place in July 2005. The airline licence was later revoked in 2007.[3]

Destinations

During the 1980s

At that time, Bouraq Airlines offered scheduled flights to the following destinations:[4][5]

During the 2000s

Prior to the airline closure, the network had been reduced compared to the 1980s, due to the rising financial problems. In late 2004, Bouraq served the following destinations:[6]

Fleet
A Boeing 737-200 of Bouraq at Changi Airport in 2004.

Over the years, Bouraq Indonesia Airlines operated the following aircraft types:[7][8]

This list is incomplete; you can help by expanding it.
Aircraft Introduced Retired
Aérospatiale N 262
Boeing 707
Boeing 737-200
1993
2005
BAC One-Eleven
Douglas DC-3
1970
1985
Fokker F28 Fellowship
Hawker Siddeley HS 748
1973
McDonnell Douglas MD-82
2002
2005
NAMC YS-11
Vickers Viscount

Accidents and incidents

Fatal
  • On 26 August 1980 at 06:29 local time, a Vickers Viscount of Far Eastern Air Transport (registered PK-IVS) crashed near Jakarta during a scheduled passenger flight from Banjarmasin that was operated on behalf of Bouraq, killed 31 passengers and 6 crew on board. The pilots had lost control of the aircraft over Tanjung Karawang whilst approaching Kemayoran Airport when the right elevator broke off. It was later determined that the fastenings had exceeded their lifetime by a factor of three without having been substituted during maintenance checkups. According to the narrative of the Aviation Safety Network, "The Bouraq Viscount was operating on a flight from Banjarmasin to Jakarta. At 06:04 the crew issued a Mayday call, stating shuddering of the airplane. Air traffic control vectored a Fokker F-28 to intercept the plane. At 06:28 the F-28 crew noticed problems with the right elevator and stated that the plane was falling to the left. After separation of the right elevator the Viscount crew lost control. It impacted the ground inverted, about 25° nose down relative to the ground and with its port wing low. The cause of this accident was the in-flight fracture of the spigot in the elevator tab circuit. This part had exceeded the 12 000 flight hours retirement life by 21 000 hrs resulting in a life of 33.000 hrs." [9]
  • On 9 January 1993, a Bouraq Hawker Siddeley HS 748 (registered PH-IHE) crashed near Juanda International Airport, killing 11 of the 39 passengers and 4 of the 5 crew on board. The aircraft had just left the airport for a scheduled flight to Banjarmasin, when a failure of the right side engine was experienced. The pilots tried to return to Juanda Airport, but ultimately failed to do so. The aircraft crashed into a swamp, broke in two and caught fire.[10]
  • On 6 August 1995, a Bouraq HS 748 (registered PK-KHL) crashed into Mount Kumawa at a height of 2,800 metres, killed 4 passengers and 6 crew on board. The aircraft had been on a chartered flight from Dumatubin Airport to Kaimana Airport.[11]

Non-fatal
  • On 23 January 1976, a Bouraq Hawker Siddeley HS 748 (registered PK-IHD) was damaged beyond repair in a landing accident at Mutiara Airport. None of the 27 passengers and 5 crew on board were seriously injured.[12]
  • On 9 February 1977, another Bouraq HS 748 (this time registered PH-IHK) had to be written off after a hard landing at Sultan Hasanuddin International Airport, which caused the landing gear to collapse. Again, there are no reports concerning any injuries of the 46 passengers and 5 crew on board.[13]
  • On 10 December 1982, the nose gear of a Bouraq HS 748 (registered PH-IHI) collapsed upon landing at Sam Ratulangi International Airport, causing the aircraft to veer off the runway. Even though the plane was destroyed, all of the 42 passengers and three crew survived.[14]
  • On 4 July 1988, a Bouraq Vickers Viscount (registered PK-IVW) was damaged beyond economic repair when the starboard and nose gear collapsed during a tailwind landing at Sultan Aji Muhammad Sulaiman Airport. There were no notable injuries among the 71 passengers and 5 crew members on board[15]
  • On 4 January 1989, a Bouraq HS 748 suffered extensive damage when the pilots had to perform a belly landing at Syamsudin Noor Airport, following a failure of the landing gears with 47 passengers and five crew on board.[16]
  • On 28 August 1992, a Bouraq Vickers Viscount (registered PH-IVX) was destroyed in an engine fire at Syamsudin Noor Airport. The fire started during the take-off run, but the pilots noticed it in time to abort take-off and evacuate the 64 passengers (plus six crew), before the aircraft was engulfed by the flames.[17]
  • On 26 September 1994, a Bouraq Viscount (registered PK-IVU) was damaged in a landing accident at Pontianak Airport during a ferry flight with only two pilots on board. The aircraft could be repaired and returned to service.[18]
  • On 11 July 1996 at 09:00 local time, Bouraq lost another HS 748 (registered PK-IHN) in a runway overshot at Pattimura Airport. The pilots had to abort the take-off for a scheduled flight to Manado because of an engine failure, but the remaining length of the runway did not suffice to bring the aircraft to a halt, so that it collided with a dyke. There were no noteworthy injuries amongst the 43 passengers and five crew members.[19]
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References
  1. Airline Codes
  2. Flight International 27 March 2007
  3. List of past and present airline of Indonesia at airlineupdate.com Archived June 18, 2013, at the Wayback Machine
  4. Bouraq June 1984 route map at timetableimages.com
  5. Bouraq November 1985 route map at timetableimages.com
  6. June 2004 archived version of the official Bouraq Indonesia Airlines website
  7. Fleet information of Bouraq Indonesia Airlines provided by the Aero Transport Data Bank
  8. Boeing and McDonnell Douglas fleet of Bouraq Indonesia Airlines at airfleets.net
  9. 1980 Bouraq crash at the Aviation Safety Network
  10. Bouraq 1993 crash at the Aviation Safety Network
  11. 1995 Bouraq crash at the Aviation Safety Network
  12. Bouraq 1976 incident at the Aviation Safety Network
  13. 1977 Bouraq incident at the Aviation Safety Network
  14. Bouraq 1982 incident at the Aviation Safety Network
  15. "Accident description". Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved 8 October 2009.
  16. Bouraq 1989 incident at the Aviation Safety Network
  17. "Accident description". Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved 9 October 2009.
  18. "Accident description". Aviation Safety Network. Retrieved 9 October 2009.
  19. Bouraq 1996 incident at the Aviation Safety Network
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