Battle of Kings Norton

The Battle of Kings Norton was fought on 17 October 1642. The skirmish developed out of a chance encounter between Royalists under the command of Prince Rupert and Parliamentarians under the command of Lord Willoughby. Both forces had been on their way to join their respective armies which were later to meet at Edgehill in the first pitched battle of the First English Civil War. The Parliamentarians won the encounter and both forces proceeded to join their respective armies.[1]

Battle of Kings Norton
Part of the First English Civil War
Date17 October 1642
Location
Kings Norton
Result Parliamentarian victory
Belligerents
Royalist Parliamentarians
Commanders and leaders
Prince Rupert[1] Lord Willoughby[1]
Strength
9 troops of horse
300 foot[1]		 800 horse and foot[1]
Casualties and losses
50-80 killed
20 captured[1]		 17-20 killed[1]
Kings Norton
Location within West Midlands county

Prelude

On Monday 17 October 1642 King Charles I was marching south through Birmingham. While passing through the town some of the Royal carriages were pillaged and the contents sent to Warwick Castle a parliamentary stronghold.[1][lower-alpha 1]

Rupert, whose soldiers had been cantoned in Stourbridge after his victory at the Battle of Powick Bridge, left the town on 17 October to join King Charles with 9 troops of horse and about 300 foot.[1] If any reliance is to be placed on one surviving tract of the encounter, Rupert's march crossed the path of a Parliamentary party under the command of Lord Willoughby of Parham on his way to join the Earl of Essex's parliamentary army.[1]

Battle
Prince Rupert, commander of the Royalist contingent

Lord Willoughby who was in command of about 800 horse and foot met Prince Rupert somewhere between Stourbridge and Birmingham, probably in the Kings Norton area.[1] The resulting skirmish was "very fierce and cruel".[lower-alpha 2] It was the Royalists who disengaged having lost between 50 and 80 killed with 20 taken prisoner. The Parliamentarians kept possession of the battlefield losing between 17 and 20 men.[1]

Aftermath

Both parties continued on to their destinations: Rupert joined King Charles, while Lord Willoughby joined Essex. The historian J. W. Willis-Bund speculated that it may have been Willoughby who provided the information on Rupert's (and the King's) movements, which led Essex to move his army towards Worcester on 19 October.[1]

Notes
  1. Charles, not one to forget a slight, would in late March 1643 command Prince Rupert to lead an expeditionary force through Birmingham to Lichfield, so that while passing through Birmingham Rupert could punish them for their behaviour towards their king. This would lead in early April 1643 to the Battle of Camp Hill and the infamous burning of the town.
  2. From the tract: "A true relation of a great and cruel battle fought by the Lord Willoughby, of Parham, with 800 horse and foot..."(Willis-Bund 2008, p. 59).

Citations
  1. Willis-Bund, p. 59.
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gollark: ```File Formats csv — CSV File Reading and Writing configparser — Configuration file parser netrc — netrc file processing xdrlib — Encode and decode XDR data plistlib — Generate and parse Mac OS X .plist files```More random stuff which probably nobody ever needs.
gollark: ```Data Compression and Archiving zlib — Compression compatible with gzip gzip — Support for gzip files```(not whole section)
gollark: Two different things for globby pattern matching, stupid amounts of different things for paths.
gollark: ```File and Directory Access pathlib — Object-oriented filesystem paths os.path — Common pathname manipulations fileinput — Iterate over lines from multiple input streams stat — Interpreting stat() results filecmp — File and Directory Comparisons tempfile — Generate temporary files and directories glob — Unix style pathname pattern expansion fnmatch — Unix filename pattern matching linecache — Random access to text lines shutil — High-level file operations macpath — Mac OS 9 path manipulation functions```The standard library being weird.

References
Willis-Bund, John William (2008) [1905]. The Civil War In Worcestershire, 1642–1646: And the Scotch Invasion of 1651. Birmingham: Read Books. ISBN 978-1-4437-7438-3.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
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