Awaswas language
Awaswas, or Santa Cruz, is one of eight Ohlone languages. It was historically spoken by the Awaswas people, an indigenous people of California.
| Awaswas | |
|---|---|
| Santa Cruz | |
| Native to | United States |
| Region | California |
| Extinct | (date missing) |
| Latin | |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | (included in cst) |
| Glottolog | sant1428[1] |
Chapel of the Mission Santa Cruz, reconstruction.
History
The Awaswas lived in the Santa Cruz Mountains and along the coast of present-day Santa Cruz County from present-day Davenport to Aptos. Awaswas became the main language spoken at the Mission Santa Cruz.[2] However, there is evidence that this grouping was more geographic than linguistic, and that the records of the "Santa Cruz Costanoan" language in fact represent several diverse dialects.
In 2012, Amah Mutsun Tribal Chairman Valentin Lopez stated that "his great-great-grandmother was the last of the Awaswas speakers."[3]
gollark: You can replace `fs.open`, `fs.isReadOnly`, `fs.move`, `fs.delete` and probably 18251826512918 other functions, and that will stop most programs from doing things to them, *but* you can then probably get around that with various tricks.
gollark: > acctualy no is there a way to make some folders / files read only and read and write again with an api or something?This is technically possible™ but fairly hard™.
gollark: `os.startTimer`
gollark: And then check if an event is the timer, or a modem message.
gollark: Er, you can queue timer events.
Notes
- Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Santa Cruz (Northern Ohlone)". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
- "Awaswas". Survey of California and Other Indian Languages. Retrieved 2012-07-28.
- Donna Jones (2012-12-21). "Healing ceremonies recall California Mission heritage". Santa Cruz Sentinel. Retrieved 2012-12-23.
References
- Kroeber, Alfred L. 1925. Handbook of the Indians of California. Washington, D.C: Bureau of American Ethnology Bulletin No. 78. (map of villages, page 465)
- Milliken, Randall. A Time of Little Choice: The Disintegration of Tribal Culture in the San Francisco Bay Area 1769-1910 Menlo Park, CA: Ballena Press Publication, 1995. ISBN 0-87919-132-5 (alk. paper)
- Teixeira, Lauren. The Costanoan/Ohlone Indians of the San Francisco and Monterey Bay Area, A Research Guide. Menlo Park, CA: Ballena Press Publication, 1997. ISBN 0-87919-141-4.
- Yamane, Linda, ed. 2002. A Gathering of Voices: The Native Peoples of the Central California Coast. Santa Cruz County History Journal, Number 5. Santa Cruz, CA: Museum of Art & History. ISBN 0-940283-11-5
External links
- "Awaswas". California Language Archive. Archived from the original on 2013-04-25. Retrieved 2012-07-28.
- Harrington, John P. "Papers of John P. Harrington, Part 2, Northern and Central California". Open Language Archives Community. Archived from the original on 2014-04-09. Retrieved 2012-07-28.
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