All Elite Wrestling

All Elite Wrestling, LLC (AEW)[4] is an American professional wrestling promotion founded in 2019.[1] Its inception was announced by entrepreneurs Shahid Khan and his son Tony, with the former acting as the promotion's lead investor, and the latter being the founder, president and CEO of the company. Professional wrestlers Cody Rhodes as well as Matt and Nick Jackson, collectively known as The Elite, are the promotion's inaugural contracted talents. The three are serving as both in-ring performers and executive vice presidents alongside Kenny Omega, fellow professional wrestler and co-founder of The Elite.

All Elite Wrestling, LLC
All Elite Wrestling
Private
IndustryProfessional wrestling
FoundedJanuary 1, 2019 (2019-01-01)
FoundersTony Khan[1][2][3]
Headquarters1 TIAA Bank Field Dr,
Jacksonville, Florida,
United States
Area served
Worldwide
Key people
Products
  • Live events
  • Merchandise
  • Music
  • Pay-per-view
  • Publishing
  • Streaming network service
  • Television
ServicesLicensing
OwnerShahid Khan
Tony Khan
Websitewww.allelitewrestling.com

Since October 2, 2019,[5] AEW has produced a two-hour weekly TV show, AEW Dynamite,[6] airing live on TNT in the United States.[7][8] CBS Sports described AEW as "the first company with major financial backing to take a swing at beginning to compete with WWE on a major level in nearly two decades".[9]

History

Background
Main article: All In (professional wrestling event)

In May 2017, professional wrestling journalist Dave Meltzer made a comment that the American professional wrestling promotion Ring of Honor (ROH) could not sell 10,000 tickets for a wrestling event.[10] The comment was responded to by professional wrestlers Cody Rhodes and The Young Bucks (the tag team of Matt Jackson and Nick Jackson), who were then top stars signed to ROH and good friends both inside and outside of professional wrestling as part of the group Bullet Club (and later, The Elite).[11] They promoted and held an independent professional wrestling event called All In in September 2018, featuring wrestlers from ROH as well as other promotions. The event sold out in 30 minutes and had the largest audience in attendance for a professional wrestling show in America held and organized by promoters not affiliated with WWE or World Championship Wrestling (WCW) since 1993. The event was attended by 11,263 people.[12][13][14][15] The event was acclaimed, and it led to much online speculation that Cody and The Young Bucks would expand their ambitions and create their own professional wrestling promotion or do a second All In event. People in the television industry were also very impressed with the show.[16][17]

Formation
Nick Jackson (left) and Matt Jackson (right) teamed with Cody Rhodes to help start the promotion.
Cody Rhodes

On November 5, 2018, several trademarks were filed in Jacksonville, Florida, that indicated the launch of All Elite Wrestling.[18] Names filed for trademark included: All Elite Wrestling, AEW All Out, All Out, AEW, Double or Nothing, Tuesday Night Dynamite, AEW Double or Nothing, and several logos.[19][20][21] In December 2018, Cody, The Young Bucks, and several other wrestlers left ROH.[22][23] The official announcement of AEW's creation came at midnight Pacific Time on January 1, 2019 in an episode of Being the Elite, a YouTube web series created by and featuring The Elite. Also announced in the episode was Double or Nothing, AEW's inaugural event and sequel to All In.[24][25][26] On January 2, 2019, Cody and The Young Bucks officially signed with the promotion as competitors as well as serving as AEW's co-Executive Vice Presidents, while entrepreneur, football executive, and longtime wrestling fan Tony Khan was announced as the president of the company.[27][28] Tony and his father, Shahid, were reportedly backing the promotion as lead investors.[29][30] The Khans are billionaires and part of the ownership group of the Jacksonville Jaguars and Fulham F.C.[31]

Cody's wife, Brandi Rhodes, was announced as the company's Chief brand officer on January 3, 2019.[32][33] On January 8, 2019, the company held its inaugural press conference on the forecourt of the TIAA Bank Field, where they announced talents that were going to perform as part of the promotion, including former ROH wrestlers the team of SoCal Uncensored (Christopher Daniels, Scorpio Sky, and Frankie Kazarian), "Hangman" Adam Page; independent wrestlers Dr. Britt Baker, Joey Janela, and former WWE wrestlers Pac, and Chris Jericho.[34] They also announced a working relationship with Chinese professional wrestling promotion Oriental Wrestling Entertainment (OWE).[35][36] On February 7, 2019, the group held a press conference where tickets were released for Double or Nothing. Other big announcements included Kenny Omega joining as a competitor and the company's fourth co-Executive Vice President, as well as the signings of Lucha Brothers (Pentagón Jr. and Rey Fénix), Best Friends (Trent Beretta and Chuck Taylor), and a partnership with Mexican promotion Lucha Libre AAA Worldwide (AAA).[37]

Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic
Further information: Impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on sports

As other sports cancellations and postponements were being announced in March 2020, AEW began to be impacted by the American onset of the coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic. Following the Suspension of the 2019-20 NBA season after two players tested positive from the virus, the March 18 episode of Dynamite was held without spectators from Daily's Place in Jacksonville, Florida.[38][39] Double or Nothing was supposed to take place on May 30, but on April 8, the MGM Grand Garden Arena announced that they had canceled all events up through May 31 due to the virus.[40] Nevada has been in a state of emergency since March 12, banning all public gatherings indefinitely. In response, AEW announced that Double or Nothing would still proceed as planned but from Daily's Place, as well as TIAA Bank Field stadium for the main event match. The announcement also confirmed that a third Double or Nothing event would emanate from the MGM Grand Garden Arena on May 29, 2021.

On April 13, Florida Governor Ron DeSantis had deemed AEW, like WWE, an essential business critical to the state's economy, and had added an exception under the state's stay-at-home order for employees of a "professional sports and media production" that is closed to the public and has a national audience.[41][42][43] In an interview on the AEW Unrestricted podcast, Tony Khan stated the pandemic has deprived AEW millions of dollars in revenue from live events.[44]

Programming
See also: List of AEW Dynamite special episodes and Wednesday Night Wars
Shahid Khan, co-owner of the promotion

On May 8, 2019, AEW reached a new media rights deal with British media company ITV plc to broadcast AEW shows on ITV4 with pay-per-views being broadcast on ITV Box Office starting with Double or Nothing on May 25, 2019.[45] On May 15, 2019, AEW and WarnerMedia announced a deal for a weekly prime-time show airing live on TNT beginning on October 2, 2019—the network that formerly had broadcast WCW's Monday Nitro during the Monday Night Wars (1995–2001). CBS Sports describes AEW as "the first company with major financial backing to take a swing at beginning to compete with WWE on a major level in nearly two decades".[9]

On May 25, 2019, AEW produced their first ever pay-per-view (PPV), Double or Nothing. It took place at the MGM Grand Garden Arena, and saw the debut of Jon Moxley. The event earned positive reviews from critics including Canadian Online Explorer, CBS Sports, ESPN, Pro Wrestling Torch, Pro Wrestling Dot Net and WrestleView, with the last three matches earning the most praise.[46][47][48][49][50][51] Dave Meltzer of the Wrestling Observer Newsletter wrote that "after just one show", AEW is already "the hottest non-WWE force in the U.S. pro wrestling business in more than 20 years".[52] On September 19, 2019, TNT's website listed AEW show's as AEW Dynamite, a one-hour preview show was also scheduled for October 1 at 8 PM.[53]

AEW releases a "Road to..." and "Countdown to..." series of videos on its official YouTube channel prior to Dynamite and pay-per-view events. The videos consist of interviews, video packages, and backstage segments. The series is used to hype pre-existing matches, as well as create new rivalries.[54]

In November 2019, AEW announced Bash at the Beach, a nine-day series of events, featuring two episodes of Dynamite, including one aboard Chris Jericho's Rock 'N' Wrestling Rager at Sea.[55]

On January 15, 2020, WarnerMedia and AEW announced a contract extension for Dynamite on TNT through 2023 and that AEW would be launching an upcoming second weekly show.[56]

ProgramOriginal releaseOriginal networkNotes
AEW DynamiteOctober 2, 2019–presentTNTAEW's flagship program.
AEW DarkOctober 8, 2019–presentYouTubeFeatures untelevised matches held during Dynamite tapings on AEW's YouTube channel.

Events
Main article: List of All Elite Wrestling pay-per-view events

AEW pay-per-view events are available via B/R Live in the United States and Canada, and via FITE TV internationally. Additionally, AEW PPVs are also available via traditional PPV outlets in the United States and Canada and are carried by all major satellite providers.[57][58]

On February 19, 2020, AEW reached a new media rights deal with German media company Sky Deutschland (which previously broadcast WWE and Impact Wrestling shows) to broadcast AEW pay-per-views on Sky Select Event.[59]

Personnel
Main article: List of All Elite Wrestling personnel

Championships and accomplishments

Championships
Championship Current champion(s) Reign Date won Days
held		 Location Notes
AEW World Championship Jon Moxley 1 February 29, 2020 168 Chicago, Illinois Defeated Chris Jericho at Revolution.[45][60]
AEW TNT Championship Cody 1 May 23, 2020 84 Jacksonville, Florida Defeated Lance Archer in a tournament final to become the inaugural champion at Double or Nothing.[61][62]
AEW Women's World Championship Hikaru Shida 1 May 23, 2020 84 Jacksonville, Florida Defeated Nyla Rose in a No Disqualification and No Countout match at Double or Nothing.[63][62]
AEW World Tag Team Championship
Kenny Omega and Adam Page 1 January 21, 2020 207 Nassau, Bahamas Defeated SoCal Uncensored (Frankie Kazarian and Scorpio Sky) aboard Norwegian Pearl at Chris Jericho's Rock 'N' Wrestling Rager at Sea Part Deux: Second Wave.
Aired on tape delay as part of the January 22, 2020 episode of Dynamite.[64][65]
FTW Championship[lower-alpha 1] Brian Cage 1 July 2, 2020 44 Jacksonville, Florida Awarded title by Taz during Fyter Fest (Night 2).
Aired on tape delay on July 8, 2020.

Accomplishments
AccomplishmentLatest winnerDate wonLocationNotes Ref.
Casino Battle Royale (men) Adam Page May 25, 2019 Paradise, Nevada Last eliminated MJF at Double or Nothing to win, earning a match for the inaugural AEW World Championship at All Out.[66]
Casino Battle Royale (women) Nyla Rose August 31, 2019 Hoffman Estates, Illinois Last eliminated Britt Baker at All Out to win, earning a match for the inaugural AEW Women's World Championship on the debut episode of Dynamite.[67]
Dynamite Diamond Ring MJF November 27, 2019 Hoffman Estates, Illinois The two winners of the Dynamite Dozen Battle Royale faced each other in a singles match for the Dynamite Diamond Ring. MJF won the battle royal alongside Adam Page and then defeated Page on Dynamite to win the ring. [45]
Casino Ladder Match Brian Cage May 23, 2020 Jacksonville, Florida Defeated Frankie Kazarian, Scorpio Sky, Kip Sabian, Darby Allin, Orange Cassidy, Colt Cabana, Joey Janela, and Luchasaurus at Double or Nothing to win, earning a future AEW World Championship match. [68]
AEW Women's Tag Team Cup Tournament TBD TBD TBD Tournament final of an eight-team, single-elimination tournament

Notes
    1. This championship is not officially sanctioned by AEW.
    gollark: For every technique for making pages faster, like CDNs and inlining CSS and whatever, we get ten megabytes of random ad cruft.
    gollark: Possibly because I am one of the few users to have third party cookies turned off.
    gollark: Whenever I try to visit a tweet on my phone, it just completely refuses to work.
    gollark: Or use the I N T E R N E T, which probably has some information on it.
    gollark: Simple decision trees *are* responding to/analyzing the outside world (well, game world), and I think some of the not-really-AI algorithms do an imagination-like thing of simulating various possible futures and picking the action which produces a lot of the better ones.

    References
    1. All Elite Wrestling [@AEWrestling] (May 15, 2019). "Breaking News - @AEWrestling to air on @TNTDrama" (Tweet). Retrieved May 16, 2019 – via Twitter.
    2. Hignet, Katherine (May 27, 2019). "Alexandria Ocasio-Cortez Praises AEW Wrestler Cody Rhodes: This Is 'What Growth Looks Like'". Newsweek. Retrieved September 3, 2019.
    3. Muthanna, Pradhan (March 15, 2019). "AEW To Sign Two Former WWE Stars? Swagger Admits Possibility". International Business Times. Retrieved May 16, 2019.
    4. Satin, Ryan (November 21, 2018). "Elite Related Trademark Filings Seemingly Connect Group to Rumored New Promotion". ProWrestlingSheet.com. Pro Wrestling Sheet. Retrieved January 1, 2019.
    5. Otterson, Joe (July 24, 2019). "All Elite Wrestling to Launch on TNT Wednesdays in October". Variety.com. Variety. Retrieved July 24, 2019.
    6. "AEW on TNT starts Wed, October 2nd 8/7c - #AEWDynamite" (Press release). All Elite Wrestling. September 19, 2019. Retrieved September 19, 2019.
    7. Ross, Jim [@JRsBBQ] (May 27, 2019). "Yep, @tntdrama beginning this October, day of week TBA Live, 2 hours.....check us out. Thanks. 🤠" (Tweet). Retrieved May 28, 2019 – via Twitter.
    8. All Elite Wrestling [@AEWrestling] (May 15, 2019). "Breaking News - @AEWrestling to air on @TNTDrama #AEW" (Tweet). Retrieved May 15, 2019 – via Twitter.
    9. Silverstein, Adam. "AEW TV deal: Weekly show to air live on TNT with Turner also streaming pay-per-views". CBS Sports. Retrieved May 21, 2019.
    10. Currier, Joseph (November 28, 2017). "Cody & The Young Bucks planning to self-finance 10,000 seat show". F4wonline. Wrestling Observer Newsletter. Retrieved January 10, 2019.
    11. "The Young Bucks and Cody Rhodes on the Biggest Independent Wrestling Show". Rolling Stone. March 6, 2018. Retrieved January 11, 2019.
    12. Howard, Brandon (May 12, 2018). "7 things to know about 'All In' – the huge indie wrestling show coming to the Chicago area". Chicago Tribune. Archived from the original on May 14, 2018. Retrieved January 11, 2019.
    13. Johnson, Mike (May 13, 2018). "ALL IN.....SOLD OUT?". PWInsider. Archived from the original on May 15, 2018. Retrieved January 11, 2019.
    14. Meltzer, Dave (May 13, 2018). "All In tickets sell out almost immediately after going on sale". F4wonline. Wrestling Observer Newsletter. Archived from the original on May 14, 2018. Retrieved January 11, 2019.
    15. Tim, Firovanti (May 23, 2018). "All In sellout a genuine surprise to Cody Rhodes and the Young Bucks". ESPN. Retrieved January 10, 2019.
    16. Alvarez, Bryan (January 1, 2019). "WOR: All Elite Wrestling announced, Jon Jones, RIZIN, more!". F4wonline. Wrestling Observer Newsletter. Retrieved January 1, 2019.
    17. Doyle, Dave (September 14, 2018). "The Battle of Los Angeles: Professional wrestling's answer to Sundance". Yahoo! Sports. Retrieved January 2, 2019.
    18. "Trademark/Service Mark Application, Principal Register, Serial Number: 88182049". United States Patent and Trademark Office. November 5, 2018. Retrieved January 14, 2019.
    19. Nason, John (November 21, 2018). "Trademarks filed in Florida for All Elite Wrestling, All Out, and more". F4wonline. Wrestling Observer Newsletter. Retrieved January 2, 2019.
    20. Fernandes, Steven (November 11, 2018). "NEW TRADEMARKS POINT TO ELITE PROMOTION, NEXT STEP FOR BUCKS AND CODY". PWInsider. Retrieved January 2, 2019.
    21. Radican, Sean (November 21, 2018). "All Elite Wrestling trademarks filed, startup promotion linked to Young Bucks, Cody Rhodes, Omega, and cast of Being the Elite (w/Radican's Analysis)". PWTorch. Retrieved January 2, 2019.
    22. Knipper, Justin (December 14, 2018). "ROH Final Battle live results: Jay Lethal vs. Cody". F4wonline. Wrestling Observer Newsletter. Retrieved January 2, 2019.
    23. Martin, Adam (December 15, 2018). "ROH Final Battle Results – 12/14/18 (ROH Title, Triple Threat Ladder War, The Elite says goodbye)". Wrestleview. Retrieved January 9, 2019.
    24. Currier, Joesph (January 1, 2019). "All Elite Wrestling and Double or Nothing officially announced". F4wonline. Wrestling Observer Newsletter. Retrieved January 1, 2019.
    25. Pratt, Emily (January 1, 2019). "The Young Bucks And Cody Officially Announced All Elite Wrestling And Released Some Details". UPROXX. Retrieved January 1, 2019.
    26. Ghosh, Pratyay (January 2, 2019). "All Elite Wrestling officially announced, Cody Rhodes confirms his role". FOX Sports Asia. Retrieved January 2, 2019.
    27. Satin, Ryan (January 1, 2019). "Cody Rhodes Comments On All Elite Wrestling Announcement". Pro Wrestling Sheet. Retrieved January 2, 2019.
    28. "Shad and Tony Khan comment on launch of All Elite Wrestling". Yahoo! Sports. January 8, 2019. Retrieved January 9, 2019.
    29. Joyner, KC (January 8, 2019). "Jaguars owners backing new wrestling venture". ESPN. Retrieved January 9, 2019.
    30. Nason, Josh (January 8, 2019). "Shad Khan confirmed as lead investor in All Elite Wrestling". F4wonline. Wrestling Observer Newsletter. Retrieved January 9, 2019.
    31. Joyner, KC (November 26, 2018). "Jaguars owners backing new All Elite Wrestling". ESPN. Retrieved January 11, 2019.
    32. Currier, Joseph (January 3, 2019). "AEW notes: Brandi Rhodes, Double or Nothing rally". F4wonline. Wrestling Observer Newsletter. Retrieved January 4, 2019.
    33. Martinez, Phillip (January 8, 2019). "Everything Announced at the AEW Press Conference". MSN. Archived from the original on January 10, 2019. Retrieved January 8, 2019.
    34. Gartland, Dan (January 10, 2019). "Everyone signed to All Elite Wrestling so far". SI.com. Retrieved February 6, 2019.
    35. Crosby, Jack (January 1, 2019). "New promotion All Elite Wrestling announced along with AEW Double or Nothing event". CBS Sports. Retrieved January 1, 2019.
    36. Satin, Ryan (January 8, 2019). "WATCH: All Elite Wrestling Rally Outside of TIAA Bank Field". Pro Wrestling Sheet. Retrieved January 9, 2019.
    37. Currier, Joseph (February 7, 2019). "All Elite Wrestling partnering with Lucha Libre AAA". F4wonline. Wrestling Observer Newsletter. Retrieved February 13, 2019.
    38. "AEW Made Its Empty Arena Show WAY Better Than WWE's - In One Simple Way". CBR. March 24, 2020. Retrieved April 4, 2020.
    39. Konuwa, Alfred. "AEW Dynamite Viewership Up 22%, Demolishes Vignette-Heavy WWE NXT". Forbes. Retrieved April 4, 2020.
    40. Thomas, Jeremy (April 9, 2020). "AEW Double Or Nothing Venue Shut Down Until Further Notice". 411mania. Retrieved April 10, 2020.
    41. https://bleedingcool.com/tv/aew-is-returning-to-florida-for-essential-tv-tapings/
    42. Zaveri, Mihir (April 14, 2020). "The WWE Is Now Considered an 'Essential Service' in Florida". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved April 15, 2020.
    43. "WWE to resume live TV tapings after being deemed 'essential business' by Florida governor's office". CBSSports.com. Retrieved April 15, 2020.
    44. https://www.prowrestlingsheet.com/tony-khan-says-pandemic-caused-aew-to-lose-millions-details-recent-production-decisions/
    45. Currier, Joseph (May 8, 2019). "AEW announces UK broadcast details on pre show Double or Nothing". F4wonline. Wrestling Observer Newsletter. Retrieved May 8, 2019.
    46. Powell, John (May 26, 2019). "AEW: Double or Nothing, THE competition has arrived". Canadian Online Explorer. Retrieved May 27, 2019.
    47. Campbell, Brian; Crosby, Jack; Silverstein, Adam (May 26, 2019). "AEW Double or Nothing results, recap, grades: Debut show delivers big moments, surprises". CBS Sports. Retrieved May 27, 2019.
    48. Fiorvanti, Tim (May 26, 2019). "So far, so good as AEW hits big with Double or Nothing debut". ESPN. Retrieved May 27, 2019.
    49. Radican, Sean (May 25, 2019). "Radican 5/25 AEW "Double or Nothing" PPV report: Young Bucks vs. Lucha Bros., Jericho vs. Omega". Pro Wrestling Torch. Retrieved May 27, 2019.
    50. Powell, Jason. "AEW Double Or Nothing results: Powell's live review of Kenny Omega vs. Chris Jericho, The Young Bucks vs. Pentagon Jr. and Fenix for the AAA Tag Titles, Cody vs. Dustin Rhodes, Britt Baker vs. Nyla Rose vs. Kylie Rae". Pro Wrestling Dot Net. Retrieved May 25, 2019.
    51. Tedesco, Mike (May 25, 2019). "AEW Double or Nothing Results – 5/25/19 (AEW's first show, Omega vs. Jericho, Cody vs. Dustin)". WrestleView. Retrieved May 27, 2019.
    52. Fiorvanti, Tim (May 31, 2019). "June 3, 2019 Wrestling Observer Newsletter: Double or Nothing Review". Wrestling Observer Newsletter. Retrieved May 31, 2019.
    53. "All Elite Wrestling: Dynamite".
    54. "All Elite Wrestling". YouTube. Retrieved November 10, 2019.
    55. "AEW Dynamite Is Reviving WCW's Bash At The Beach". UPROXX. November 18, 2019. Retrieved November 18, 2019.
    56. Otterson, Joe (January 15, 2020). "AEW to Expand to Two Nights a Week With New TNT Deal". Variety. Retrieved January 16, 2020.
    57. "How To Watch". All Elite Wrestling. Retrieved July 5, 2019.
    58. Otterson, Joe (May 15, 2019). "AEW Poised to Be 'Sports-Centric Alternative' to WWE With WarnerMedia TV Deal". Variety. Retrieved May 15, 2019.
    59. Jordan, Paul (February 19, 2020). "AEW PPVS REPLACE WWE ON SKY TV IN GERMANY". PWInsider.
    60. Powell, Jason (February 29, 2020). "AEW Revolution results: Powell's live review of Chris Jericho vs. Jon Moxley for the AEW Championship, Kenny Omega and Hangman Page vs. The Young Bucks for the AEW Tag Titles, Cody vs. MJF, Nyla Rose vs. Kris Statlander for the AEW Women's Championship, Pac vs. Orange Cassidy". Pro Wrestling Dot Net. Retrieved February 29, 2020.
    61. AEW Staff (March 30, 2020). "AEW Announces Inaugural "TNT CHAMPIONSHIP" Tournament Beginning April 8 on AEW: DYNAMITE". allelitewrestling.com. All Elite Wrestling. Retrieved March 30, 2020.
    62. Powell, Jason (May 23, 2020). "AEW Double Or Nothing results: Powell's live review of Cody vs. Lance Archer to become the first TNT Champion (Mike Tyson presents the belt), Jon Moxley vs. Brodie Lee for the AEW Championship, The Elite vs. The Inner Circle in a Stadium Stampede match". Pro Wrestling Dot Net. Retrieved May 23, 2020.
    63. Lambert, Jeremy (June 19, 2019). "AEW Women's Title To Be Unveiled At All Out". Fightful.com. Fightful. Retrieved June 20, 2019.
    64. Casey, Connor. "AEW Announces Triple Threat Tag Team Match for Fyter Fest With Major Stipulation". Comicbook.com. Retrieved June 19, 2019.
    65. Rose, Bryan (January 21, 2020). "Spoiler notes and results from Jericho cruise AEW Dynamite taping". Wrestling Observer Newsletter. Retrieved January 22, 2020.
    66. Powell, Jason. "AEW The Buy In pre-show results: Powell's live review of the Casino Battle Royale, Kip Sabian vs. Sammy Guevara". Pro Wrestling Dot Net. Retrieved May 25, 2019.
    67. Powell, Jason (August 31, 2019). "AEW All Out results: Powell's live review of Chris Jericho vs. Hangman Page to become the first AEW Champion, Pentagon Jr. and Fenix vs. The Young Bucks in a ladder match for the AAA Tag Titles, Cody vs. Shawn Spears, Kenny Omega vs. Pac". Pro Wrestling Dot Net. Retrieved August 31, 2019.
    68. "AEW Double or Nothing results". All Elite Wrestling. May 23, 2020.
    This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.