1991 in Ukrainian football

The 1991 season was the 61st season of competitive football in Ukraine which was part of the bigger Soviet Union.

1991 in Ukrainian football

← 1990 · · 1992 →

Men's Domestic Leagues
Div League[lower-alpha 1] Season[lower-alpha 2]
I Top League Chornomorets Odesa
II First League Bukovyna Chernivtsi
III Second League (West) Karpaty Lviv
IV Lower Second League (Zone 1) Naftovyk Okhtyrka
Rep KFK championship Novator Mariupol
Women's Domestic Leagues
Div League Season
I Top League Arena Kyiv
II First League Luys Simferopol / Nika Zaporizhia
III Second League Yunist-Helios Luhansk
Men's Domestic Cups
Div Name Champion Runner-Up
I 1990–91 Soviet Cup (Ukrainian teams eliminated)
1991–92 Soviet Cup (Ukrainian teams withdrew)
II
III Cup of the Ukrainian SSR Veres Rivne Temp Shepetivka
Rep Cup of the Ukrainian SSR among KFK (no competition)
Women's Domestic Cups
Div Name Champion Runner-Up
I Soviet Cup (Ukrainian teams eliminated)

Domestic leagues

Men

Soviet Top League
Main article: 1991 Soviet Top League

Six Ukrainian teams (Chornomorets Odesa, Dynamo Kyiv, Dnipro Dnipropetrovsk, Shakhtar Donetsk, Metalurh Zaporizhia, and Metalist Kharkiv) play in this league, which also contains six teams from the Russian SFSR and four more from other union republics.

Overall standings
Pos Team Pld W D L GF GA GD Pts Qualification
1 CSKA Moscow (C) 30 17 9 4 57 32 +25 43 Qualification for Champions League first round
2 Spartak Moscow 30 17 7 6 57 30 +27 41 Qualification for Cup Winners' Cup first round
3 Torpedo Moscow 30 13 10 7 36 20 +16 36 Qualification for UEFA Cup first round
4 Chornomorets 30 10 16 4 39 24 +15 36 Withdrew from the league
5 Dynamo Kyiv 30 13 9 8 43 34 +9 35
6 Dynamo Moscow 30 12 7 11 43 42 +1 31 Qualification for UEFA Cup first round
7 Ararat 30 11 7 12 29 36 −7 29 Withdrew from the league
8 Dinamo Minsk 30 9 11 10 29 31 −2 29
9 Dnipro 30 9 10 11 31 36 −5 28
10 Pamir Dushanbe 30 7 13 10 28 32 −4 27
11 Spartak Vladikavkaz 30 9 8 13 33 41 −8 26
12 Shakhtar Donetsk 30 6 14 10 33 41 −8 26 Withdrew from the league
13 Metalurh Zaporizhia 30 9 7 14 27 38 −11 25
14 Pakhtakor Tashkent 30 9 7 14 37 45 −8 25
15 Metalist Kharkiv 30 8 9 13 32 43 −11 25
16 Lokomotiv Moscow 30 5 8 17 18 47 −29 18
Source:
(C) Champion.

Soviet First League
Main article: 1991 Soviet First League

Two Ukrainian teams (Bukovyna Chernivtsi and Tavriya Simferopol) play in this league, which also contains 11 teams from the Russian SFSR and nine more teams from other union republics.

Overall standings
Pos Republic Team Pld W D L GF GA GD Pts Qualification or relegation
1 Russian Vysshaya Liga FC Rotor Volgograd (C) 42 24 11 7 79 44 +35 59
2 Moldovan Divizia Naţională FC Tiligul Tiraspol 42 22 10 10 64 45 +19 54 Left the Soviet/Russian competitions
3 Russian Vysshaya Liga FC Uralmash Yekaterinburg 42 21 9 12 68 40 +28 51
4 Russian Vysshaya Liga FC Rostselmash Rostov-na-Donu 42 20 10 12 47 39 +8 50
5 Ukraine Vyscha Liha FC Bukovyna Chernivtsi 42 20 8 14 56 49 +7 48 Left the Soviet/Russian competitions
6 Ukraine Vyscha Liha SC Tavriya Simferopol 42 19 10 13 64 56 +8 48
7 Uzbek League FC Neftiannik Fergona 42 21 5 16 54 56 −2 47
8 Russian Vysshaya Liga FC Lokomotiv Nizhniy Novgorod 42 17 13 12 46 35 +11 47
9 Uzbek League FC Novbahor 42 19 7 16 60 53 +7 45 Left the Soviet/Russian competitions
10 FC Dinamo Sukhumi 42 16 11 15 50 50 0 43 Dissolved
11 Russian Vysshaya Liga FC Textilschik Kamyshin 42 15 13 14 56 52 +4 43
12 Russian Vysshaya Liga FC Shinnik Yaroslavl 42 17 7 18 57 59 −2 41
13 Russian Vysshaya Liga FC Fakel Voronezh 42 17 7 18 45 50 −5 41
14  Kazakh SSR FC Kairat Almaty 42 17 6 19 58 52 +6 40 Left the Soviet/Russian competitions
15  Azerbaijan SSR PFC Neftchi Baku 42 17 5 20 60 58 +2 39
16 Russian Vysshaya Liga FC Dinamo Stavropol 42 14 11 17 50 54 −4 39
17  Armenian SSR FC Kotaik Abovian 42 15 7 20 30 48 −18 37 Left the Soviet/Russian competitions
18 Russian Vysshaya Liga FC Zenit Saint Petersburg 42 11 14 17 44 50 −6 36
19 Moldovan Divizia Naţională FC Zimbru Chisinau 42 11 13 18 36 49 −13 35 Left the Soviet/Russian competitions
20 Russian Vysshaya Liga FC Geolog Tyumen 42 11 13 18 32 47 −15 35
21 Russian Vysshaya Liga FC Kuban Krasnodar 42 8 10 24 40 68 −28 26
22 Latvian Virs Liga FC Pardaugava Riga 42 7 6 29 31 73 −42 20 Left the Soviet/Russian competitions
Source:
(C) Champion.

Notes:

Soviet Second League
Main articles: 1991 Soviet Second League and 1991 Soviet Second League, Zone West

Eleven Ukrainian teams (Karpaty Lviv, Zorya Luhansk, Nyva Ternopil, Nyva Vinnytsia, Torpedo Zaporizhia, Volyn Lutsk, SKA Odesa, Kremin Kreminchuk, Sudnobudivnyk Mykolaiv, FC Halychyna Drohobych, and Vorskla Poltava) play in this league and all in the west zone of the league. Beside Ukrainian teams in the west zone competed 11 other teams from various union republics. In whole there are three zones West, Center, and East.

Zone West
Pos
 Team
 Pld
 W
 D
 L
 GF
 GA
 GD
Pts
Republic
1 Karpaty Lvov 42 24 11 7 47 27 20 59 Ukraine
2 Zarya Lugansk 42 26 5 11 69 34 35 57 Ukraine
3 Dinamo Gandzha 42 26 4 12 48 48 0 56 (+20) Azerbaijan
4 Niva Ternopol 42 25 6 11 56 29 27 56 Ukraine
5 Niva Vinnitsa 42 21 7 14 54 40 14 49 Ukraine
6 Torpedo Taganrog 42 19 9 14 46 30 16 47 Russia (1W)
7 Torpedo Zaporozhie 42 18 10 14 63 50 13 46 Ukraine
8 Volyn Lutsk 42 19 7 16 46 33 13 45 Ukraine
9 Tigina-Apoel Bendery 42 18 8 16 49 39 10 44 Moldova
10 SKA Odessa 42 18 7 17 46 42 4 43 Ukraine
11 Karabakh Agdam 42 20 2 20 20 47 -27 42 (+22) Azerbaijan
12 Dnepr Mogilev 42 18 6 18 47 37 10 42 Belarus
13 Kremen Kremenchug 42 16 9 17 56 50 6 41 Ukraine
14 Zaria Beltsy 42 16 7 19 63 82 -19 39 Moldova
15 Sudnostroitel Nikolayev 42 15 8 19 61 55 6 38 Ukraine
16 Dinamo Brest 42 14 9 19 50 50 0 37 Belarus
17 Spartak Nalchik 42 15 6 21 51 67 -16 36 Russia (1W)
18 Galichina Drogobich 42 14 7 21 42 66 -24 35 Ukraine(1)
19 Vorskla Poltava 42 10 11 21 39 60 -21 31 Ukraine(1)
20 KIM Vitebsk 42 11 8 23 43 55 -12 30 Belarus
21 Goyazan Kazakh 42 13 2 27 29 61 -32 28 (+8) Azerbaijan
22 Khimik Grodno 42 7 9 26 32 55 -23 23 Belarus

Notes:

  • Numerous clubs refused to play away games in Azerbaijan due to the Nagorno-Karabakh War (Operation Ring). All Azerbaijani clubs received multiple technical wins such Dinamo Gandzha 10 technical wins, Karabakh Agdam - 11, Goyazan Kazakh - 4.
    • Teams that refused to play against all Azerbaijani clubs: Dnepr Mogilev and KIM Vitebsk.
    • Teams that refused to play against Dinamo Gandzha and Karabakh Agdam: Niva Ternopol, Volyn Lutsk, Tigina-Apoel Bendery, SKA Odessa, Dnepr Mogilev, Kremen Kremenchug, Sudnostroitel Nikolayev, Dinamo Brest, KIM Vitebsk, and Khimik Grodno.
    • Teams that refused to play against Goyazan Kazakh only: Zarya Lugansk and Niva Vinnitsa.

Soviet Lower Second League
Main articles: 1991 Soviet Second League B and 1991 Soviet Lower Second League, Zone 1

26 teams play in this league, all of which are based in Ukraine.

Zone 1
Pos Team Pld W D L GF GA GD Pts Promotion or relegation
1 FC Naftovyk Okhtyrka (C, P) 50 29 17 4 87 34 +53 75 Promoted
2 FC Prykarpattia Ivano-Frankivsk (P) 50 31 9 10 86 43 +43 71
3 FC Kolos Nikopol 50 28 13 9 86 45 +41 69
4 FC Veres Rivne 50 28 13 9 67 38 +29 69
5 FC Pryladyst Mukachevo 50 24 14 12 67 42 +25 62
6 FC Krystal Kherson 50 23 15 12 82 60 +22 61
7 FC Dynamo Bila Tserkva 50 25 9 16 69 50 +19 59
8 FC Avtomobilist Sumy 50 20 14 16 51 40 +11 54
9 FC Temp Shepetivka (P) 50 19 15 16 64 53 +11 53 Promoted
10 FC Polissya Zhytomyr 50 22 7 21 64 66 −2 51
11 FC Kryvbas Kryvyi Rih 50 19 13 18 75 64 +11 51
12 FC Shakhtar Pavlohrad 50 19 12 19 84 66 +18 50
13 FC Desna Chernihiv 50 20 9 21 59 59 0 49
14 FC Podillya Khmelnytskyi 50 18 13 19 54 55 −1 49
15 FC Zakarpattia Uzhhorod 50 20 8 22 59 64 −5 48
16 FC Karpaty Kamyanka-Buzka 50 15 15 20 48 55 −7 45
17 FC Stal Kommunarsk 50 15 15 20 58 73 −15 45
18 FC Dnipro Cherkasy 50 17 10 23 47 59 −12 44
19 FC Khimik Severodonetsk 50 15 13 22 52 70 −18 43
20 FC Vahonobudivnyk Stakhanov 50 17 8 25 56 75 −19 42
21 SKA Kyiv 50 11 20 19 48 60 −12 42
22 FC Chaika Sevastopol 50 13 15 22 58 77 −19 41
23 FC Mayak Ochakiv 50 15 10 25 51 76 −25 40
24 FC Okean Kerch (R) 50 15 10 25 49 72 −23 40 Relegated
25 FC Zirka Kirovohrad (R) 50 12 13 25 55 90 −35 37
26 FC Mayak Kharkiv (R) 50 0 10 40 31 121 −90 10
Source:
(C) Champion; (P) Promoted; (R) Relegated.

Ukrainian championship among KFK
Main article: 1991 KFK competitions (Ukraine)

94 teams play in this league, all of which are based in Ukraine. 1991 KFK competitions (Ukraine) season

Women

Soviet Top League

Six Ukrainian teams (Arena Kyiv, Dnipro Dnipropetrovsk, Lehenda Chernihiv, Luhanochka Luhansk, Nyva-Olimp Kyiv and Dynamo Kyiv) play in this league, which also contains nine teams from the Russian SFSR and nine more teams from other union republics.

Overall standings
Zone 1
 1 SKIF Malakhovka		22  16	4  2  35- 6  36	 Play-off
 2 Tekstilshchik Ramenskoye	22  15	5  2  40-13  35  Play-off
 3 SKA-Merey Alma-Ata		22  14	5  3  42-10  33
 4 Volzhanka Cheboksary		22  12	6  4  32-14  30
 5 Prometey St-Peterburg	22  13	3  6  32-18  29
 6 Legenda Chernigov		22   8	6  8  22-11  22
 7 Interlenprom St-Peterburg	22   8	4 10  23-22  20
 8 Niva-Olimp Kiev		22   7	6  9  28-29  20
 9 Nig Aparan			22   6	2 14  22-44  14
10 Erebuni Yerevan		22   3	4 15  11-42  10
11 Shturm Pitkyaranta		22   2	4 16   6-41   8
12 Viktoriya Kashira		22   1	5 16   5-48   7
NB: after the season, SKA-Merey Alma-Ata (founded as Graciya Alma-Ata)
    were relocated and renamed CSK VVS Samara, due to the dissolution
    of the Soviet Union
Zone 2
 1 Arena Kiev			22  14	3  5  29-12  31  Play-off
 2 Nadezhda Mogilyov		22  13	5  4  32-11  31  Play-off
 3 Spartak Moscow		22  12	6  4  36-13  30
 4 Dnepr Dnepropetrovsk		22  12	4  6  34-19  28
 5 RAF Jelgava			22  12	4  6  39-29  28
 6 Niva Grodno			22  11	4  7  24-22  26
 7 Codru Chisinau		22   8	5  9  23-21  21
 8 Luganochka Lugansk		22   7	7  8  23-23  21
 9 Dinamo Kiev			22   8	4 10  31-27  20
10 Taraggi Baku			22   5	2 15  14-41  12
11 Araz Baku			22   3	6 13  12-36  12
12 SiM Moscow			22   1	2 19   5-51   4
NB: total goal difference -3
Play-off (in Sevastopol)
Semifinals
Tekstilshchik Ramenskoye	1-0	Arena Kiev
Nadezhda Mogilyov		0-0	SKIF Malakhovka		[2-0 pen]
Third Place Match
SKIF Malakhovka			1-0	Arena Kiev
Final
Tekstilshchik Ramenskoye	0-0	Nadezhda Mogilov	[6-5 pen]

Soviet First League

Eight Ukrainian teams (Luys Simferopol, Bukovynka Chernivtsi, Chornomorochka Odesa, Svitlana Dnipropetrovsk, Nika Zaporizhia, ZSU Zaporizhia, Radosin Kyiv, and Debiut-88 Kharkiv play in this league, which also contains 18 teams from the Russian SFSR and six more teams from other union republics.

Zone 1
 1 CSKA-Trasnexpo Moscow	14  10	1  3  33- 8  21  Play-off
 2 Luys Simferopol		14   8	5  1  22- 6  21
 3 Bukovinka Chernovtsy 	14   9	2  3  34- 9  20
 4 Chernomorochka Odessa	14   8	2  4  30-13  18
 5 Svetlana Dnepropetrovsk	14   6	1  7  15-25  13
 6 Fortuna Ogre 		14   4	2  8  10-28  10
 7 Elektronika Minsk		14   4	1  9  10-19   9
 8 University Moscow		14   0	0 14   3-49   0
Zone 2
 1 Energiya Voronezh		14  13	1  0  49- 2  27  Play-off
 2 Nika Zaporozhye		14   8	2  4  18-14  18
 3 Snezhana Lyubertsy		14   6	4  4  23-14  16
 4 ZGU Zaporozhye		14   6	4  4  22-15  16
 5 Zvezda Zagorsk		14   5	4  5  20-24  14
 6 Radosin Kiev 		14   5	2  7  15-14  12
 7 MISI Moscow			14   3	3  8  11-26   9
 8 Vologzhanka Vologda		14   0	0 14   3-52   0
Zone 3
 1 Spartak-13 Moscow		14  11	2  1  43- 9  24  Play-off
 2 Sedin-Shiss Krasnodar	14   8	3  3  31-10  19
 3 Viktoriya Stavropol		14   4	8  2  15- 8  16
 4 Atoris Moscow		14   5	5  4  17-11  15
 5 Volna Nizhny Novgorod	14   6	2  6  22-26  14
 6 Krylya Sovetov Saransk	14   3	6  5  10-14  12
 7 Nadezhda Voskresensk 	14   2	2 10   8-37   6
 8 Debyut-88 Kharkov		14   2	2 10   7-38   6
Zone 4
 1 Azaliya Kant 		14  11	1  2  24- 7  23  Play-off
 2 Sibiryachka Krasnoyarsk	14   9	4  1  27- 4  22
 3 Lada Togliatti		14   8	2  4  30-11  18
 4 Olimp Karaganda		14   7	3  4  23- 9  17
 5 Taganay Zlatoust		14   5	3  6  18-23  13
 6 Shagala Guryev		14   4	3  7  12-26  11
 7 Kama Perm			14   2	0 12   8-33   4
 8 Tokhuchu Baku		14   1	2 11   5-34   4
First League Play-off (in Voronezh)
 1 Energiya Voronezh		 2   2	0  0   5- 1   4
 2 Spartak-13 Moscow		 2   1	0  1   3- 3   2
 3 CSKA-Transexpo Moscow	 2   0	0  2   0- 4   0
 4 Azaliya Kant – withdrew

Soviet Second League

Six Ukrainian teams (Elehiya Bobrovytsia, Atlanta Sevastopol, Yunist-Helios Luhansk, Mriya Kirovohrad, Azovchanka Mariupol, and Soyuz Kharkiv), which also contains 8 teams from the Russian SFSR and four more teams from other union republics.

Zone 1
 1 Syuyumbike Zelenodolsk	10   7	1  2  27-11  15  Play-off
 2 Gamma Kazan			10   7	0  3  30- 8  14
 3 Azaliya-2 Bishkek		10   7	0  3  15-10  14
 4 Sibiryachka-2 Krasnoyarsk	10   4	1  5  17-22   9
 5 Dorozhnik Arkalyk		10   3	0  7  12-20   6
 6 Olimpiya Ishimbay		10   1	0  9   7-37   2
Zone 2
 1 Kaluzhanka Kaluga		10  10	0  0  60- 1  20  Play-off
 2 Komandor Fryazino		10   7	0  3  26- 6  14
 3 Trikotazhnitsa Bobruysk	10   6	0  4  18-16  12
 4 Elegiya Bobrovitsa		10   4	0  6  12-28   8
 5 Viktoriya Brest		10   2	0  8   9-47   4
 6 Atlanta Sevastopol		10   1	0  9  11-38   2
Zone 3
 1 Rus Moscow			10  10	0  0  78- 2  20  Play-off
 2 Volna St-Peterburg		10   7	0  3  24-11  14
 3 Yunost-Gelios Lugansk	10   6	0  4  24-14  12
 4 Mriya Kirovograd		10   5	0  5  26-17  10
 5 Azovchanka Mariupol		10   2	0  8  10-54   4
 6 Soyuz Kharkov		10   0	0 10   1-67   0
NB: total goal difference -2
Second League Play-off
Rus Moscow			bt	Syuyumbike Zelenodolsk
Kaluzhanka Kaluga – withdrew

Domestic cups

Men

Soviet Cup
Main articles: 1990–91 Soviet Cup and 1991 Soviet Cup Final

The last Ukrainian team Chornomorets Odesa was eliminated in quarterfinals. Since semifinals for the Soviet Cup played three Russian teams and Ararat Yerevan.

Semifinals Final
      
Lokomotiv Moscow 0
CSKA Moscow 3
CSKA Moscow 3
Torpedo Moscow 2
Torpedo Moscow (p) 0 (7)
Ararat Yerevan 0 (6)
Main articles: 1991–92 Soviet Cup and 1992 Soviet Cup Final

All Ukrainian teams withdrew the competition at quarterfinals due to dissolution of the Soviet Union. Since semifinals for the Soviet Cup played three Russian teams and Pamir Dushanbe.

Semifinals Final
      
CSKA Moscow 2
Pamir Dushanbe 0
Spartak Moscow 2
CSKA Moscow 0
Lokomotiv Moscow 0
Spartak Moscow 2

Cup of the Ukrainian SSR
Main article: 1991 Cup of the Ukrainian SSR

The Cup of the Ukrainian SSR is a two-legged home-and-away series played among the Second League Ukrainian teams.

24 November 1991 Veres Rivno1 - 2Temp ShepetivkaRivno
Sarnavsky  22' Dovhalets  31'
Bondarenko  31'		 Stadium: Avanhard Stadium
Attendance: 4,277
Referee: Vadym Shevchenko (Kiev)
28 November 1991 Temp Shepetivka1 - 1Veres RivnoKhmelnytskyi
Bondarenko  57' Mankuta  29' Stadium: Sport Complex Podillya
Attendance: 4,500
Referee: Valeriy Onufer (Uzhhorod)

Temp won 3–2 on aggregate

Ukrainian Cup among KFK

The Ukrainian Cup among KFK is a republican cup contested among collectives of physical culture (CPhC or KFK) which in the Soviet Union had an amateur status compered to teams of masters which served as an official term for professional teams. Since 1989 the competition was not conducted.

Women

Soviet Cup

The Soviet is a domestic cup contested by women's teams at the top division. Two last Ukrainian teams were eliminated at quarterfinals (Dnipro Dnipropetrovsk and Lehenda Chernihiv).

September 21, 1991 Sibiryachka Krasnoyarsk0 - 0 (a.e.t.)
(3 – 2 p)		Prometey Saint-PetersburgMoscow

Ukrainian clubs in international competition

1990–91 European competitions
Main article: 1990–91 European Cup Winners' Cup
6 March 1991 Quarter-finalsDynamo Kyiv 2–3 FC BarcelonaKiev, Soviet Union
19:00 Zayets  33'
Salenko  81' (pen.)		 Report Bakero  5'
Urbano  45'
Stoichkov  63' (pen.)		 Stadium: Republican Stadium, Kiev
Attendance: 98,000
Referee: David Syme (Scotland)
19 March 1991 Quarter-finalsFC Barcelona 1–1 Dynamo KyivBarcelona, Spain
20:45 Amor  89' Report Yuran  62' Stadium: Camp Nou
Attendance: 61,500
Referee: Zoran Petrović (Yugoslavia)

FC Dynamo Kyiv eliminated from the European competitions.

1991–92 European competitions
Main article: 1991–92 European Cup
18 September 1991 First roundHJK Helsinki 0–1 Dynamo KyivHelsinki, Finland
20:00 Report Kovalets  32' Stadium: Olympic Stadium
Attendance: 3,032
Referee: Marek Kowalczyk (Poland)
2 October 1991 First roundDynamo Kyiv 3–0 HJK HelsinkiKiev, Soviet Union
19:00 Kovalets  28'
Moroz  48'
Hrytsyna  72'		 Report Stadium: Republican Stadium
Attendance: 22,000
Referee: Erman Toroğlu (Turkey)

Dynamo Kyiv won 4–0 on aggregate.

23 October 1991 Second roundDynamo Kyiv 1–1 BrøndbyKiev, Soviet Union
19:00 Salenko  77' (pen.) Report Nielsen  12' Attendance: 29,184
Referee: John Blankenstein (Netherlands)
6 November 1991 Second roundBrøndby 0–1 Dynamo KyivBrøndby, Denmark
19:00 Report Yakovenko  6' Stadium: Brøndby Stadium
Attendance: 13,712
Referee: Leslie Irvine (Northern Ireland)

Dynamo Kyiv won 2–1 on aggregate. Dynamo Kyiv qualified for the Group stage.

27 November 1991 Group stageDynamo Kyiv 1–0 BenficaKiev, Soviet Union
19:00 Salenko  29' Report Stadium: Republican Stadium
Attendance: 41,500
Referee: Keith Hackett (England)
11 December 1991 Group stageSparta Prague 2–1 Dynamo KyivPrague, Czechoslovakia
18:00 Němeček  13'
Vrabec  22'		 Report Sharan  55' Stadium: Letná Stadium
Attendance: 14,639
Referee: Rosario Lo Bello (Italy)
End of calendar year standing
Team Pld W D L GF GA GD Pts
Barcelona 2 1 1 0 3 2 +1 3
Sparta Prague 2 1 0 1 4 4 0 2
Dynamo Kyiv 2 1 0 1 2 2 0 2
Benfica 2 0 1 1 0 1 −1 1
Source:

Notes
  1. The Soviet Union was a union of 15 union republics including Russia. All union republics were allowed to compete at the Soviet football championship.
  2. In Soviet leagues; the Ukrainian team ranked highest in the combined league standings
gollark: That would limit you to three candidates.
gollark: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Arrow's_impossibility_theorem
gollark: Approval voting (basically just what we have now but you can vote for multiple people) is among the less bad ways to vote.
gollark: Maybe? There are other countries with her as head of state.
gollark: I would complain about our first-past-the-post and generally awful electoral system encouraging this sort of thing, but there are lots of voting systems and there are some theorems meaning that they *can't* work very well. A less awful system could exist, though, I guess.

References
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