1980 East Coast Bays by-election

The East Coast Bays by-election of 1980 was a by-election during the 39th New Zealand Parliament in the East Coast Bays electorate. It resulted in an upset for the National Party, as their candidate and future leader Don Brash was unexpectedly beaten by Gary Knapp of the Social Credit Party.

1980 East Coast Bays by-election

6 September 1980
Turnout	18,611 (63.64%)
Candidate Gary Knapp Don Brash Wyn Hoadley Party Social Credit National Labour Popular vote 8,061 7,110 3,296 Percentage 43.31 38.20 17.71
Member before election Frank Gill National Elected Member Gary Knapp Social Credit

Background

The Prime Minister, Robert Muldoon, appointed Frank Gill, National Party MP for East Coast Bays since the 1972 election, to take up a position as New Zealand's ambassador to the United States. Muldoon did so against the express wish of Brian Talboys, who was Minister of Foreign Affairs.[1] Shortly before the election, Muldoon raised the tolls on the Auckland Harbour Bridge from 20 cents to 25 cents, which was a very unpopular move.[2] Muldoon was also embroiled in a public spat with various journalists, most notably cartoonist Tom Scott. But most damaging was Muldoon's lack of enthusiasm for National's candidate for the by-election, Don Brash; Muldoon had favoured the party's vice-president Sue Wood.[3]

Results

Social Credit's popularity reached its zenith around the time of the East Coast Bays by-election.

Voting resulted in the election of Knapp, the candidate of the Social Credit Party.[4] That was unexpected, as minor parties rarely won seats in Parliament at the time, but such voting was more likely in a by-election. Muldoon blamed Brash and the party organisation for the defeat but was strongly rebuked by the party for the stance.[3] The loss of the by-election provided the catalyst for growing opposition within the National Party to Muldoon's leadership.[5]

The following table gives the election results:

1980 East Coast Bays by-election

Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±
	Social Credit	Gary Knapp	8,061	43.31	+23.33
	National	Don Brash	7,110	38.20
	Labour	Wyn Hoadley	3,296	17.71
	Values	Janet Moore	144	0.77
Majority			951	5.11
Turnout			18,611	63.64	-12.95
Registered electors			29,243
	Social Credit gain from National		Swing

Knapp held the electorate until the 1987 general election, when he was defeated by National's Murray McCully.

Notes

1. Gustafson 1986, pp. 136–137.
2. Dearnaley, Mathew (5 July 2011). "$6 toll to cross Auckland Harbour Bridge". The New Zealand Herald. Retrieved 26 July 2013.
3. Gustafson 1986, p. 137.
4. Wilson 1985, p. 211.
5. Gustafson 1986, p. 138.

References

• Gustafson, Barry (1986). The First 50 Years : A History of the New Zealand National Party. Auckland: Reed Methuen. ISBN 0-474-00177-6.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
• Wilson, James Oakley (1985) [First ed. published 1913]. New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1984 (4th ed.). Wellington: V.R. Ward, Govt. Printer. OCLC 154283103.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)