1975 in paleontology
Paleontology or palaeontology is the study of prehistoric life forms on Earth through the examination of plant and animal fossils.[1] This includes the study of body fossils, tracks (ichnites), burrows, cast-off parts, fossilised feces (coprolites), palynomorphs and chemical residues. Because humans have encountered fossils for millennia, paleontology has a long history both before and after becoming formalized as a science. This article records significant discoveries and events related to paleontology that occurred or were published in the year 1975.
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Paleozoology
Arthropods
Insects
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Cretopone[2] |
Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Dlussky |
Beleutinskaya Formation |
An ant of uncertain phylogenetic placement. |
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Electrodryinus areolatus[3] |
gen et sp nov |
jr synonym |
Ponomarenko |
A dryinid wasp, genus synonymized with Deinodryinus |
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Gen et sp nov. |
Jr synonym |
Dlussky |
Taimyr amber |
A Sphecomyrminae ant. homonym of Palaeomyrmex Heer. |
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Molluscs
Bivalves
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
fam nov |
Valid |
Pojeta |
Lower Devonian |
worldwide |
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Conodonts
German paleontologist and stratigrapher Heinz Walter Kozur (1942-2013) and G.K. Merrill described the conodont genus Diplognathodus.[6]
Vertebrates
Dinosaurs
Newly named dinosaurs
Data courtesy of George Olshevsky's dinosaur genera list.[7]
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
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gen nov |
Valid |
Hopson |
Upper Elliot Formation |
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Alocodon | Gen et sp nov | Valid | 194 Millions years ago. | |||||
Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
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"Sinopliosaurus" fusuiensis[10] | Sp. Nov. | junior synonym? | Lian-Hai, Hsiang-K'uei, & Xi-Jin | Early Cretaceous | Xinlong Formation | Originally classified as a second species of the pliosauroid Sinopliosaurus,[10] and later as a spinosaurid dinosaur.[11] Now a possible junior synonym of the spinosaurid genus Siamosaurus.[12][13][14] | ||
Gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Jain, Kutty, Roy-Chowdhury, & Chatterjee |
Lower Jurassic |
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Fam, gen, et sp nov |
Harrison & C. A. Walker |
Possibly synonymous with Elopteryx. |
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gen et sp nov |
Valid |
Harrison & C. A. Walker |
alvarezsaurid, originally described as an owl |
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Gen nov |
Valid |
Gow |
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He |
informal name for Yandusaurus. |
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Newly named birds
Name | Novelty | Status | Authors | Age | Unit | Location | Notes | Images |
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Anhinga grandis [18] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Larry D. Martin Robert M. Mengel |
Kimball Formation |
An Anhingidae. |
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Botaurus hibbardi [19] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Carolyn Moseley |
Late Pliocene |
An Ardeidae. |
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Bulweria bifax [20] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
A Procellariidae, Extinct after 1502 arrival of man |
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Dakotornis cooperi [21] |
Gen. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Bruce R. Erickson |
Tongue River Formation |
|
Described in the Dakornithidae, now placed in the Graculavidae, |
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Dysmoropelia dekarchiskos [20] |
Gen. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Middle Pleistocene-Holocene |
A Columbidae, this is the type species of the new genus. |
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Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Middle Pleistocene |
MQ 2B |
A Falconidae. |
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Nannococcyx spix [20] |
Gen. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
A Cuculidae, this is the type species of the new genus. Extinct at the start of the 16th century BC |
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Primapus lacki [23] |
Gen. et Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Collin J. O. Harrison Cyril A. Walker |
Early Eocene |
MP 8-9 |
An Apodiformes, Aegialornithidae Lydekker, 1891. |
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Pterodroma rupinarum [20] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
A Procellariidae, sometimes placed in the genus Pseudobulweria. |
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Puffinus pacificoides [20] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
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Spizaetus schultzi [24] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
Larry D. Martin |
Kimballian |
Kimball Formation |
An Accipitridae. |
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Upupa antaios [20] |
Sp. nov. |
Valid |
An Upupidae. Extinct before or around 1502 |
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Pterosaurs
Incertae sedis
New taxa
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References
- Gini-Newman, Garfield; Graham, Elizabeth (2001). Echoes from the past: world history to the 16th century. Toronto: McGraw-Hill Ryerson Ltd. ISBN 9780070887398. OCLC 46769716.
- Dlussky G.M. 1975. Superfamily Formicoidea Latreille, 1802. Family Formicidae Latreille, 1802. In: Rasnitsyn A.P. (ed.), Hymenoptera Apocrita of Mesozoic. Trudy Paleontologiceskogo Instituta Akademija Nauk SSSR: 114-122 [in Russian].
- Guglielmino, A.; Olmi, M. (2011). "Revision of fossil species of Deinodryinus, with description of a new species (Hymenoptera, Dryinidae)". ZooKeys. 130: 495–504. doi:10.3897/zookeys.130.1326. PMC 3260777. PMID 22259295.
- Grimaldi, D.; Agosti, D.; Carpenter, J. M. (1997). "New and rediscovered primitive ants (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) in Cretaceous amber from New Jersey, and their phylogenetic relationships". American Museum Novitates. 3208: 1–43.
- Elicki, O.; Gürsu, S. (2009). "First record of Pojetaia runnegari Jell, 1980 and Fordilla Barrande, 1881 from the Middle East (Taurus Mountains, Turkey) and critical review of Cambrian bivalves" (PDF). Paläontologische Zeitschrift. 83 (2): 267–291. doi:10.1007/s12542-009-0021-9.
- Kozur, H. & Merrill, G.K. 1975. Genus Diplognathodus. In : Kozur, H. Beiträge zur Conodontenfauna des Perm. Geologisch-Paläontologische Mitteilungen, Innsbruck, pages 9-10
- Olshevsky, George. "Dinogeorge's Dinosaur Genera List". Retrieved 2008-08-07.
- Hopson, J.A. 1975. On the generic separation of the ornithischian dinosaurs Lycorhinus and Heterodontosaurus from the Stormberg Group (Upper Triassic) of South Africa. South African Journal of Science 71: pp. 302–305.
- Maryanska, T. and H. Osmólska, H. 1975. Protoceratopsidae (Dinosauria) of Asia. Palaeontol. Polonica 33: pp. 133-182.
- Hou, L.; Yeh, H.; Zhao, X. (1975). "Fossil reptiles from Fusui, Kwangshi". Vertebrata PalAsiatica. 13 (1): 24–33. ISSN 1000-3118.
- Buffetaut, E.; Suteethorn, V.; Tong, H.; Amiot, R. (2008). "An Early Cretaceous spinosaur theropod from southern China". Geological Magazine. 145 (5): 745–748. Bibcode:2008GeoM..145..745B. doi:10.1017/S0016756808005360.
- Mortimer, M. "Megalosauroidea". theropoddatabase.com. Retrieved 2018-11-06.
- Molina-Peréz & Larramendi (2016). Récords y curiosidades de los dinosaurios Terópodos y otros dinosauromorfos. Barcelona, Spain: Larousse. p. 275. ISBN 9780565094973.
- Wongko, Kamonlak; Buffetaut, Eric; Khamha, Suchada; Lauprasert, Komsorn (2019). "Spinosaurid theropod teeth from the Red Beds of the Khok Kruat Formation (Early Cretaceous) in Northeastern Thailand". Tropical Natural History. 19 (1): 8–20. ISSN 2586-9892.
- Jain, S.L., T.S. Kutty, T. Roychowdhury, S. Chatterjee. 1975. The sauropod dinosaur from the Lower Jurassic Kota Formation of India. Proc. R. Soc. London 2 A 188: pp. 221-228.
- Harrison, C.J.O.; Walker, C.A. (1975). "The Bradycnemidae, a new family of owls from the Upper Cretaceous of Romania". Palaeontology. 18: 563–570.
- Gow, C.E. 1975. A new heterodontosaurid from the Red Beds of South Africa showing evidence of tooth replacement. Zool. Linnaean Soc. London 57: pp. 335-339.
- Larry D. Martin & Robert M. Mengel (1975). "A New Species of Anhinga (Anhingidae) from the Upper Pliocene of Nebraska" (PDF). Auk. 92 (1): 137–140. doi:10.2307/4084425.
- Carolyn Moseley & Alan Feduccia (1975). "Upper Pliocene Herons and Ibises from North America". University Michigan Museum Paleontology, Papers on Paleontology. 12: 71–74.
- Storrs L. Olson (1975). "Paleornithology of St. Helena Island, South Atlantic Ocean" (PDF). Smithsonian Contributions to Paleobiology. 23: 1–60. doi:10.5479/si.00810266.23.1.
- Bruce R. Erickson (1975). "Dakotornis cooperi, a New Paleocene Bird from North Dakota". Scientific Publications of the Science Museum of Minnesota (new series). 3: 1–7.
- Cécile Mourer-Chauviré (1975). "Les Oiseaux du Pléistocène Moyen et Supérieur de France". Documents des Laboratoires de Géologie de la Faculté des Sciences de Lyon. 64: 1–624.
- Collin J. O. Harrison & Cyril A. Walker (1975). "A New Swift from the Lower Eocene of Britain". Ibis. 117 (2): 162–164. doi:10.1111/j.1474-919x.1975.tb04203.x.
- Larry D. Martin (1975). "A New Species of Spizaetus from the Pliocene of Nebraska" (PDF). Wilson Bulletin. 87 (3): 413–416.
- Lawson, Douglas A (1975). "Pterosaur from the Latest Cretaceous of West Texas: Discovery of the Largest Flying Creature". Science. 187: 947–948.
- Richard Arnold Davis & Holmes A. Semken, Jr. (1975). "Fossils of uncertain affinity from the Upper Devonian of Iowa". Science. 187 (4173): 251–254. Bibcode:1975Sci...187..251A. doi:10.1126/science.187.4173.251. JSTOR 1739069. PMID 17838783.