1953–54 Port Vale F.C. season

The 1953–54 season was Port Vale's 42nd season of football in the English Football League, and their fifth season overall in the Third Division North. Freddie Steele's side were crowned Third Division North champions with 69 points out of a possible 92, eleven points ahead of their nearest rivals. They also reached the semi-finals of the FA Cup, and would be denied an appearance in the final due to a controversial goal from a dubious penalty. These achievements were based upon a record-breaking 'Iron Curtain' defence, and a solid squad of nineteen players, most of whom had taken the club to second in the league the previous season.

Port Vale
1953–54 season
ChairmanFred Burgess
ManagerFreddie Steele
StadiumVale Park
Football League Third Division North1st (69 Points)
FA CupSemi-finals
(knocked out by West Bromwich Albion)
Top goalscorerLeague: Basil Hayward (22)
All: Basil Hayward (25)
Highest home attendance42,000 vs. Blackpool, 20 February 1954
Lowest home attendance9,367 vs. Accrington Stanley, 30 March 1954
Average home league attendance16,653[1]
Biggest win7–0 vs. Stockport County, 10 April 1954
Biggest defeat0–2 vs. Workington, 6 February 1954

Seven still-standing club records were set this season, including three Football League records. One Football League record was for the fewest Football League goals conceded in a 46 match season – 26, just over one every two games. Just five of these were conceded at home, another Football League record. This was based upon 30 clean sheets, again a Football League record. They also recorded a club record low of three league defeats, and a club record home clean sheet streak of eleven matches, lasting from 7 September 1953 to 13 February 1954. Another club record was a streak of six away draws, lasting from 20 March to 26 April. They were undefeated at home all season, continuing a 42 match unbeaten run started on 8 November 1952, that would last until 18 September 1954.

The key players that formed the first eleven of 1953–54 were: Ray King (goalkeeper); Reg Potts and Stan Turner (full-backs); Tommy Cheadle, Albert Leake, Roy Sproson (half-backs); Colin Askey, John Cunliffe, Ken Griffiths, Basil Hayward, and Albert Mullard (forwards); Derek Tomkinson (reserve forward). Their achievements came as a team, without any outstanding stars, which caused The Sentinel to remark that the whole team were stars.[2]

Pre-season

The pre-season saw no new signings as the young, mostly local squad that had finished second in the 1952–53 campaign was enough for manager Freddie Steele.[3] Steele signed a three-year contract following his success the previous season.[4] He considered signing Stoke City goalkeeper Dennis Herod, and the two parties held talks before he was instead sold to Stockport County for £500.[5] Alf Jones was given his first professional contract, whilst Selwyn Whalley (who was training to become teacher), Harry Oliver and John Poole (both engineering apprentices) all were given part-time professional contracts.[5] Don Bould and Ron Fitzgerald returned from national service to become full-time professionals.[5] This gave the club a total of 21 full-time professionals, six part-time players and ten players aged 17–21 who could only play and train if they could find time off from their compulsory two-year national service.[5] The strip was a traditional white shirt with black shorts, whilst the change kit of red and white stripes were donated by a friend of one of the club's directors, who was a Sunderland supporter.[6]

There was only one public pre-season friendly on 13 August, which saw the club's first team take on the reserves; it ended with a surprise 4–2 victory for the reserves, Roland Lewis scoring a hat-trick.[6] Pre-season training consisted primarily of assistant manager Ken Fish leading a marathon running session from Burslem to Hanley and back to Burslem following a stop at a pub for a half-pint of shandy.[7] After returning to the ground Fish would organise a practise game.[7] The fitness work was actually crucial to the team's success, as Steele was ahead of his time in that he insisted that wide players should defend when the opposition were on the ball, in order to support the defence.[8] Superstition was of great importance to Steele, who ensured that the team rigidly stuck their pre-match rituals such as the intricacies of kit layout and the order in which players entered the pitch.[9]

Third Division North

The season began with a 2–1 win over Mansfield Town at Field Mill on 19 August; Chris Marron put Mansfield ahead on 52 minutes, before Roy Sproson scored the equaliser on 69 minutes, Basil Hayward scored the winning goal three minutes later after being the first to react to the rebound that came when Colin Askey's shot hit the crossbar.[10] The main surprise in the line-up of the opening day was that goalkeeper Ray Hancock had been dropped in favour of Ray King after King impressed in the pre-season friendly, the club's positive season meant that Hancock was unable to win back his place in the side.[10] Vale were then held to two consecutive goalless draws but remained unbeaten in their first seven league games, conceding just two goals. This run included a 3–0 win over Darlington at Feethams, and a 4–0 win over Barrow in which Hayward scored a hat-trick. They had risen to the top of the table by the third game of the season and remained in first place until the end of the season. Of the Barrow first eleven that day three of the players were brothers: Jack, Alan and Bert Keen.[11]

Vale lost by a single goal at Redheugh Park against Gateshead on 12 September; Vale, playing in their change kit, were beaten by a 57th-minute goal from John Ingham.[12] This brought to an end the club's then-record streak of 16 games unbeaten.[13] Four days later Vale recorded a 2–1 win over Bradford Park Avenue at the Horsfall Stadium despite Reg Potts being injured with a swollen ankle early in the match.[13] A 2–0 home win over Workington on 19 September began a sequence of five clean sheets, with Jim Elsby standing in for Potts as Steele changed the starting line-up for the first time in eight games – this brought Potts' run of 73 consecutive appearances to an end.[14] The defensive fivesome of keeper Ray King, Tommy Cheadle, Reg Potts, Stan Turner and Roy Sproson began to be known as 'the Iron Curtain' or 'the Steele Curtain' (a play on the manager's name).[2] A 21 September game against nearby unbeaten Crewe Alexandra was billed as a 'crunch clash' between first and second, and a Sproson goal on 87 minutes won the match for the Vale.[2] For the return a week later a stadium record 17,883 packed into Gresty Road to witness a goalless draw at Crewe.[2] The attendance figures were helped by the management team of the Crewe Works, who allowed their workforce to leave work an hour early in order to make it for the 5:10pm kick-off.[15] The draw was achieved despite injuries to Albert Leake, Hayward and John Cunliffe, who were replaced by Derek Tomkinson, Roland Lewis and Mick Hulligan.[15]

On 3 October, Vale secured the biggest ever win at Vale Park when they beat York City 5–0.[16] Seven days later Vale's clean sheet streak came to an end, though they still secured a 2–1 victory over Chesterfield at Saltergate; Cyril Hatton was the scorer for Chesterfield, though it proved not enough to save his team's unbeaten home record.[16] Albert Mullard had a penalty kick saved towards the end of the game by goalkeeper Ron Powell, the only one of two penalties the club were awarded throughout the campaign.[16] Vale then beat Tranmere Rovers 2–0 after their defence successfully contained the threat posed by the division's then-top scorer Cyril Done.[17] The following week they won 1–0 at Halifax Town in a game where Ken Griffiths hit the woodwork three times.[17]

On 7 November, Vale conceded twice in one game for the first time in the season, as Peel Park saw their Accrington Stanley side achieve a 2–2 draw with the Vale.[2] Vale lost a two-goal lead in the match, as Ian Brydon scored after the ball got stuck in the mud and then Les Cocker scored the equalising goal after Ray King failed to hold on to a shot.[18] By this time Vale were building a significant point advantage over the rest of the league.[2] On 28 November, Ken Griffiths scored a hat-trick as Vale 'tore apart' a poor Rochdale side 6–0, exceeding the record Vale Park win that had been set only two months earlier.[2]

Steele was investigated by a joint FA/Football League inquiry for his time as Mansfield Town manager in regard to suspected illegal payments – found guilty, he was given a £250 fine.[19] The good run of results continued though, as they beat fifth-placed Barnsley 1–0 at Oakwell through a Hayward goal.[20] On Christmas Day and Boxing Day Vale recorded two 1–0 wins over Chester, with Hayward again the only player to find the net.[20][21] Captain Tommy Cheadle pulled a hamstring against Chester, and lost his place in the team as Steele moved the positions around to accommodate Derek Tomkinson in the team.[21] Roland Lewis was made available on a free transfer in December, and moved to non-league side Witton Albion.[22]

The club were granted a licence to build a stand on the Railway Terrace at a cost of £25,000.[19] Vale struggled in the league in early 1954, losing 2–1 to Hartlepools United in a fierce wind at Victoria Park.[19] Cheadle was again absent through injury, as two goals from Tommy McGuigan ended Vale's record run of 21 games unbeaten.[23] Title rivals Gateshead then left Vale Park with a point after a goalless draw, ending the club's record run of 12 consecutive home victories.[24]

A shock came on 6 February, when Bill Shankly's Workington earned a 2–0 win at Borough Park – the only time in the season Vale lost by more than one goal.[19] Seven days later Scunthorpe & Lindsey United left Vale Park with a point as the home side came close to finding the net on numerous occasions without success despite one shot from Hayward partially injuring goalkeeper Norman Malan after he struck the ball hard into Malan's jaw.[25] Following this short run of poor form they next recorded a win against York City, securing a 1–0 victory at Bootham Crescent.[26] On 27 February, Chesterfield became the first away side to score at Vale Park since September, as they fought back from a two-goal deficit to win a point.[19] Vale had previously conceded just one goal in 20 home games over an 11-month period, and had last conceded twice in a home league game on 30 August 1952.[26]

On 6 March, Tranmere Rovers striker Bill Bainbridge put his side ahead at Prenton Park, but the Vale equalised within two minutes and went on to win the game 3–1.[27] They beat Halifax 2–0 the following week, with both goals coming in the last 14 minutes of the game.[28] The trip to face Carlisle United at Brunton Park five days later saw six players sit out with injuries, leaving Hancock, Tomkinson, Len Barber, Elsby, Hulligan and Alan Bennett all to make rare appearances; Ken Fish also took charge of the team as Freddie Steele was watching FA Cup opponents West Bromwich Albion.[29] The game finished goalless, with both Hancock and "Cumbrians" goalkeeper Jimmy McLaren receiving praise for several excellent saves.[30] Vale ended the month with a 1–0 victory over Accrington Stanley despite Barber missing the second and last penalty the club would be awarded in the season.[31]

Despite playing twelve games in thirty days throughout April they remained unbeaten.[32] On 10 April they thrashed Stockport County 7–0 in a ground record victory, with Hayward scoring a hat-trick – they were 6–0 up after 36 minutes but then proceeded to play at 'a pleasant trot'.[33][32] The championship title was secured on 17 April at Spotland with a goalless draw with Rochdale.[32] They conceded just two goals in their final seven league games.

Vale finished top of the table with 69 points, eleven clear of second-placed Barnsley.[32] Their 26 league goals conceded in a 46 games was a record.[32] Just five of these were conceded at home, another Football League record.[32] This was based upon 30 clean sheets, again a Football League record.[34] Ray King kept 29 of these clean sheets, a record only equalled by Gillingham goalkeeper Jim Stannard in 1995–96.[34] Vale's tally of just three league defeats was a club record. They were undefeated at home all season, continuing a 42 match unbeaten run started on 8 November 1952, that would last until 18 September 1954. Their achievements was built on a settled squad of nineteen players, twelve of which played regularly. They were the first team to play 54 competitive games in a single season.[34]

League table

Pos Team Pld W D L GF GA GR Pts Promotion or relegation
1 Port Vale (C, P) 46 26 17 3 74 21 3.524 69 Promoted to the Second Division
2 Barnsley 46 24 10 12 77 57 1.351 58
3 Scunthorpe & Lindsey United 46 21 15 10 77 56 1.375 57
4 Gateshead 46 21 13 12 74 55 1.345 55
5 Bradford City 46 22 9 15 60 55 1.091 53
Source: rsssf.com
(C) Division Champions; (P) Promoted.

Results by matchday

Round12345678910111213141516171819202122232425262728293031323334353637383940414243444546
GroundAHAAHHHAAHHAAHAHAHAHHAAHAAHAHAHAHAHHAHAHHAAHAH
ResultWDDWWWWLWWWWDWWWWWDWWDWWWLDLDWDWWDWWDDDWDDDWDD
Position3211111111111111111111111111111111111111111111
Source: Statto[35]
A = Away; H = Home; W = Win; D = Draw; L = Loss

Matches

Port Vale's score comes first

DateOpponentVenueResultAttendanceScorers
19 August 1953Mansfield TownA2–110,410Sproson, Hayward
22 August 1953BarnsleyH0–014,223
24 August 1953BarrowA0–07,783
29 August 1953DarlingtonA3–06,278Griffiths (2), Hayward
31 August 1953BarrowH4–013,403Hayward (3), Griffiths
5 September 1953Hartlepools UnitedH3–120,052Hayward (2), Griffiths
7 September 1953Bradford Park AvenueH2–019,270Leake (2)
12 September 1953GatesheadA0–111,382
16 September 1953Bradford Park AvenueA2–110,960Mullard, Griffiths
19 September 1953WorkingtonH2–016,627Griffiths, Leake
21 September 1953Crewe AlexandraH1–017,482Sproson
26 September 1953Scunthorpe & Lindsey UnitedA2–012,630Hayward, Leake
28 September 1953Crewe AlexandraA0–017,883
3 October 1953York CityH5–018,778Hayward (2), Cunliffe, Griffiths, Tomkinson
10 October 1953ChesterfieldA2–115,806Askey, Griffiths
17 October 1953Tranmere RoversH2–019,204Leake, Hayward
24 October 1953Halifax TownA1–010,361Leake
31 October 1953Carlisle UnitedH1–012,454Leake
7 November 1953Accrington StanleyA2–27,895Cunliffe, Griffiths
14 November 1953Grimsby TownH2–014,799Leake (2)
28 November 1953RochdaleH6–016,841Griffiths (3), Leake (2), Hayward
5 December 1953WrexhamA1–114,570Hayward
19 December 1953BarnsleyA1–011,426Hayward
25 December 1953ChesterH1–015,322Hayward
26 December 1953ChesterA1–010,979Hayward
16 January 1954Hartlepools UnitedA1–28,554Griffiths
23 January 1954GatesheadH0–020,370
6 February 1954WorkingtonA0–213,714
13 February 1954Scunthorpe & Lindsey UnitedH0–017,240
24 February 1954York CityA1–07,131Hayward
27 February 1954ChesterfieldH2–219,886Griffiths, Cunliffe
6 March 1954Tranmere RoversA3–19,946Hayward (2), Griffiths
15 March 1954Halifax TownH2–010,533Askey, Leake
20 March 1954Carlisle UnitedA0–09,995
30 March 1954Accrington StanleyH1–09,367Cunliffe
1 April 1954Bradford CityH3–018,418Tomkinson (2), Barber
3 April 1954Grimsby TownA2–29,952Leake, Cunliffe
5 April 1954Mansfield TownH1–113,060Barber
7 April 1954Bradford CityA1–115,240Askey
10 April 1954Stockport CountyH7–019,513Hayward (3), Askey (2), Cunliffe, Tomkinson
16 April 1954SouthportH0–026,941
17 April 1954RochdaleA0–014,749
19 April 1954SouthportA0–012,328
24 April 1954WrexhamH2–018,174Griffiths, Cunliffe
26 April 1954Stockport CountyA1–111,840Cunliffe
29 April 1954DarlingtonH1–111,502Tomkinson

FA Cup

In the FA Cup, a 3–1 win at Feethams took the Vale past league rivals Darlington in the First Round.[36] Les Robson had put the "Quakers" ahead by half-time after Ray King miss-kicked a clearance, but the Vale controlled the game as soon as Albert Leake scored the equaliser.[37]

In the Second Round Vale drew another league rival in Southport, who battled to a 1–1 draw at Haig Avenue on 12 December, Harry Whitworth's header cancelling out Basil Hayward's opener.[38] The Vale players later admitted they were fortunate to come away with a draw, especially seen as Colin Askey and Albert Leake spent much of the game limping.[38] Two days later Vale recorded a 2–0 win in the replay in what was a tough game.[39]

In the Third Round, Queens Park Rangers of the Third Division South were beaten 1–0 at Loftus Road.[19] The pitch was muddy and the weather was pouring rain in a game that was inevitably poor in quality, settled in the 50th minute by Albert Leake following a long ball played by John Cunliffe.[40]

The Fourth Round held First Division club Cardiff City in snowy conditions at Ninian Park.[41] Vale won 2–0, and their victory was aided by the fact that Cardiff goalkeeper Ron Howells had to leave the pitch after 20 minutes after being knocked out following a collision with defender Derrick Sullivan, leaving his ten-man team to play 70 minutes with defender Alf Sherwood in goal.[42] Vale attacked through the wings to get in numerous crosses to the box, from which Ken Griffiths and Albert Leake scored their goals.[42] Centre-half Tommy Cheadle restricted centre-forward Trevor Ford to a quiet game, and at full-time the pair were full of bruises but still left the pitch with a handshake and a smile.[43] Cardiff placed a £25,000 transfer bid for winger Colin Askey, and after their offer was rejected Cardiff stated they were prepared to pay more than £25,000, but Port Vale refused any negotiations.[19] Other top clubs also made inquiries, but were all turned away.[44]

In the Fifth Round, the "Valiants" faced holders Blackpool, and 42,000 tickets were sold for the clash at Vale Park.[45][46] The victors of the 'Matthews Final' brought Stanley Matthews and six other internationals to Vale Park, as well a travelling contingent of 10,500.[45] Albert Leake scored two goals on the waterlogged pitch, as his team put 'a dazzling display in attack and defence' and their 'hard-fighting, quick-on-the-ball play smothered Blackpool's intricate approach work'.[45]

In the Sixth Round they faced Third Division South club Leyton Orient at Brisbane Road, as 8,000 Vale fans made up a 31,000 crowd.[45] In the days leading up to the game thieves had stolen 1,200 matchday tickets and police were vigilant to catch out anyone who tried to enter the stadium with these stolen tickets.[47] The only goal of the game came from Leake – who struck the ball into the net after controlling the ball from a Hayward knock-down from an Askey corner – put Vale into the semi-finals, with the team 'delightedly mobbed' by supporters after the finish.[45][48] Ray King made a name for himself in the dying moments of the game after making a save from a George Poulton shot.[49]

The 25,000 tickets Vale were allotted for the semi-final clash with West Bromwich Albion at Villa Park sold out on the first day.[45] In all 100 coaches and 14 excursion trains took the supporters to Birmingham for the match on 27 March, at which time high-scoring West Brom were top of the First Division – in all 68,221 spectators packed into the stadium.[45] This meant the match secured the club a total of £20,086 in gate receipts.[45] Ken Griffiths was unable to recover from a knee injury in time for the match and so was replaced by Derek Tomkinson, this was the first and only change to the first eleven throughout the cup run.[50] In the match itself, Albion's 'constructive play' was halted by the Vale defence, and a Leake goal on 40 minutes saw Vale 1–0 up at half-time.[45] The second half saw the "Throstles" switch to a long ball game, and on 62 minutes Cheadle was bustled off the ball and could only watch the equaliser cross the line.[32] Eight minutes later captain Cheadle was judged to have fouled George Lee just inside the penalty box, though the Port Vale players maintained that the challenge took place well outside of the box, and that Lee also handled the ball.[32] Former "Valiant" star Ronnie Allen converted the resulting penalty.[32] Later in the match Leake had an equalising goal disallowed for offside, and Vale therefore failed to be the first third-tier club to reach an FA Cup Final.[32]

"West Brom were top of the First Division at the time, but we were playing out of our skins and we should have gone through. We were devastated after the game. I guess it was just fate, it wasn't meant to be – but that doesn't make it any easier to take. They score two dodgy goals and we should have been going to Wembley. Their first goal was a fluke of an own goal which came off the back of Tommy Cheadle's head. Poor Tommy was as deaf as a door post and I was shouting at him to leave it, but he didn't hear me and he slipped and put it in the net ... Also, the penalty was never a penalty; the foul was easily outside the box. Looking at the television replays of the incident, even in grainy black and white, you can see that is obvious. Ronnie Allen, who used to play for Vale, took the penalty. He used to practise them against me in those days, so I knew exactly where was going to hit it, and he knew that I knew. When he stepped up, though, he hammered it right into the corner. I got my fingertips to it, but it was hit too hard and flew into the net – and that was that, we were out."

Ray King believed that Vale deserved to go through.[51]

Results

Port Vale's score comes first

RoundDateOpponentVenueResultAttendanceGoalscorers
R121 November 1953DarlingtonA3–110,700Leake, Hayward, Cunliffe
R212 December 1953SouthportA1–112,529Hayward
R2 Replay14 December 1953SouthportH2–013,024Askey, Hayward
R39 January 1954Queens Park RangersA1–017,474Leake
R430 January 1954Cardiff CityA2–027,295Griffiths, Leake
R520 February 1954BlackpoolH2–042,000Leake (2)
R613 March 1954Leyton OrientA1–031,000Leake
Semi-finals27 March 1954West Bromwich AlbionN1–268,221Leake

Finances

On the financial side, a new profit of £2,628 was recorded despite the only transfer activity being a £350 credit.[32] Gate receipts had risen by more than £11,000 to £50,940 thanks to a then club record average attendance of 16,702.[32] No first team players departed in the summer of 1954 due to the club's "no buy, no sell" policy.[32] At the end of the season only four players were released: William Cook, F.Viggars, Alf Jones and Lovatt, whilst A.Wharton was made available on a free transfer.[52] None of these five players would play a game in the Football League. In July 1954 the new stand at Vale Park was completed, providing cover for 4,500 seated and 12,000 standing spectators.[32] The club charged £2.50 for season tickets to the 42,000 (1,010 seated) capacity stadium.[4]

On 29 March 1954, the Vale team played an "All-Star XI" in order to raise money for former Port Vale playing staff who had given long service to the club.[53] The All-Star team was as follows: Frank Swift, Bert Sproston, Andy Beattie, Bill Corkhill, Les McDowall, Joe Mercer, Sammy Crooks, Raich Carter, Freddie Steele, Tim Ward and Peter Doherty; the All-Stars won 2–1 with both goals coming from Steele, making the club's manager the first player to score two goals against the Vale in one match that season.[54]

Player statistics

Appearances

Pos. Name Football League FA Cup Total
Apps Goals Apps Goals Apps Goals
GK Ray Hancock 100010
GK Ray King 45080530
GK John Poole 000000
FB Don Bould 000000
FB William Cook 000000
FB Jim Elsby 700070
FB Harry Oliver 000000
FB Reg Potts 42080500
FB Stan Turner 43080510
FB F.Viggars* 000000
HB Roy Brien* 100010
HB Tommy Cheadle 38080460
HB Ron Fitzgerald 000000
HB Alf Jones* 000000
HB Albert Leake 4013874820
HB Derek Mountford 000000
HB N.Rowe* 000000
HB Roy Sproson 45280532
HB A.Wharton 000000
HB Pat Willdigg 000000
HB Frank Wintle 000000
HB K.Worrall* 000000
FW Colin Askey 45581536
FW Len Barber 820082
FW Alan Bennett* 500050
FW R.Bradshaw* 000000
FW George Burrows* 000000
FW Thomas Conway* 000000
FW John Cunliffe 42881509
FW Ken Griffiths 3616714317
FW Basil Hayward 3722834525
FW Mick Hulligan 500050
FW Roland Lewis 100010
FW Albert Mullard 46180541
FW Stan Smith* 000000
FW Derek Tomkinson 19510205
FW Selwyn Whalley 000000

Top scorers

Place Position Nation Name Third Division North FA Cup Total
1FW EnglandBasil Hayward22325
2HB EnglandAlbert Leake13720
3FW EnglandKen Griffiths16117
4FW EnglandJohn Cunliffe819
5FW EnglandColin Askey516
6FW EnglandDerek Tomkinson505
7HB EnglandRoy Sproson202
FW EnglandLen Barber202
9FW EnglandAlbert Mullard101
TOTALS 74 13 87

Transfers

Transfers out

Date from Position Nationality Name To Fee Ref.
December 1953FWRoland LewisReleased[55]
gollark: Shoe seller, this is a suboptimal idea.
gollark: Increase your XP, hæv.
gollark: As they are not with you.
gollark: You don't know where ubq is.
gollark: GTech Apiary Site-902?

References

Specific
  1. Sherwin & Askey 2013, p. 134
  2. Kent 1990, p. 179
  3. Kent 1990, p. 178
  4. Sherwin & Askey 2013, p. 36
  5. Sherwin & Askey 2013, p. 37
  6. Sherwin & Askey 2013, p. 38
  7. Sherwin & Askey 2013, p. 39
  8. Sherwin & Askey 2013, p. 54
  9. Sherwin & Askey 2013, p. 50
  10. Sherwin & Askey 2013, p. 40
  11. Sherwin & Askey 2013, p. 42
  12. Sherwin & Askey 2013, p. 45
  13. Sherwin & Askey 2013, p. 46
  14. Sherwin & Askey 2013, p. 47
  15. Sherwin & Askey 2013, p. 49
  16. Sherwin & Askey 2013, p. 51
  17. Sherwin & Askey 2013, p. 53
  18. Sherwin & Askey 2013, p. 56
  19. Kent 1990, p. 180
  20. Sherwin & Askey 2013, p. 65
  21. Sherwin & Askey 2013, p. 66
  22. Sherwin & Askey 2013, p. 67
  23. Sherwin & Askey 2013, p. 69
  24. Sherwin & Askey 2013, p. 70
  25. Sherwin & Askey 2013, p. 79
  26. Sherwin & Askey 2013, p. 92
  27. Sherwin & Askey 2013, p. 96
  28. Sherwin & Askey 2013, p. 103
  29. Sherwin & Askey 2013, p. 105
  30. Sherwin & Askey 2013, p. 107
  31. Sherwin & Askey 2013, p. 121
  32. Kent 1990, p. 182
  33. Fielding, Rob (3 October 2019). "Five of the best thumping Port Vale home victories". onevalefan.co.uk. Retrieved 5 June 2020.
  34. Sherwin & Askey 2013, p. 131
  35. Port Vale 1953–1954 : Results & Fixtures Archived 5 November 2013 at the Wayback Machine. Statto Organisation. Retrieved 28 April 2012.
  36. Sherwin & Askey 2013, p. 57
  37. Sherwin & Askey 2013, p. 58
  38. Sherwin & Askey 2013, p. 62
  39. Sherwin & Askey 2013, p. 63
  40. Sherwin & Askey 2013, p. 68
  41. Sherwin & Askey 2013, p. 71
  42. Sherwin & Askey 2013, p. 72
  43. Sherwin & Askey 2013, p. 73
  44. Sherwin & Askey 2013, p. 74
  45. Kent 1990, p. 181
  46. "Port Vale 2-0 Blackpool, 1954". onevalefan.co.uk. 30 January 2012. Retrieved 4 June 2020.
  47. Sherwin & Askey 2013, p. 98
  48. "Pictured: the goal that took Vale into the semi-final". onevalefan.co.uk. 3 September 2012. Retrieved 4 June 2020.
  49. Sherwin & Askey 2013, p. 99
  50. Sherwin & Askey 2013, p. 111
  51. Sherwin & Askey 2013, p. 117
  52. Sherwin & Askey 2013, p. 139
  53. Sherwin & Askey 2013, p. 118
  54. Sherwin & Askey 2013, p. 120
  55. Kent, Jeff (1996). Port Vale Personalities. Witan Books. ISBN 0-9529152-0-0.
General
  • Kent, Jeff (1990), "Fame and Fortune (1950–1959)", The Valiants' Years: The Story Of Port Vale, Witan Books, pp. 171–196, ISBN 0-9508981-4-7
  • Kent, Jeff (1993). The Port Vale Record 1879–1993. Witan Books. ISBN 0-9508981-9-8.
  • Sherwin, Phil; Askey, Steve (2013), Men of Steele: The story of Port Vale's stunning 1953/54 season, Pass Publishing, ISBN 978-0-9926579-1-8

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