1871 New Zealand general election

The New Zealand general election of 1871 was held between 14 January and 23 February to elect 78 MPs across 72 electorates to the fifth session of the New Zealand Parliament. 41,527 electors were registered.

1871 general election

14 January – 23 February 1871
All 78 seats in the New Zealand House of Representatives
First party   Leader William Fox Party Independent Leader's seat Rangitikei Last election 78 seats Seats won 78 Seat change Popular vote N/A Percentage N/A Swing N/A
Prime Minister before election William Fox Independent Prime Minister-designate William Fox Independent

Background

1871 was the first general election to include the four Māori electorates,[1] with elections held on 1 and 15 February.[2] The first Māori Members of Parliament had been elected in 1868, but in 1871 three retired and one (Western Maori) was defeated. So in 1871 four new Māori MPs were elected.

In 1866 the secret ballot was introduced for general (European) elections. The 1871 general election was the first one at which it was used. The secret ballot not used in Māori electorates until 1938, thus Māori voters continued to inform a polling officer orally of their chosen candidate.[3]

The date of election is defined here as the day on which the poll took place, or if there was no contest, the day of nomination.[4] The earliest election day was 14 January 1871.[1] The earliest date in the general electorate results table, 13 January 1871, thus represents William Rolleston being declared elected unopposed in the Avon electorate on nomination day.[5] The last election was held on 23 February 1871 in the Franklin electorate.

68 European electorates and 4 Māori electorates were defined by the Representation Act 1870. Six of the general electorates had two representatives, the rest were single member electorates. Hence, 78 MPs were elected.[1] Electorates that were first formed for the 1871 elections were East Coast, Eden, Rodney, Thames, Waikato, Waitemata, Egmont, Manawatu, Buller, Grey Valley, Christchurch East, Christchurch West, Hokitika, Totara, Dunstan, Mount Ida, Tuapeka, Waitaki, Waikaia, and Wakatipu.[6] 41,527 electors were registered.[2]

Results

Member	Electorate	Province	MP's term	Election date
Robert Rhodes	Akaroa	Canterbury	First	26 January[7]
John Evans	Ashley	Canterbury	First	17 February[8]
Julius Vogel	Auckland East	Auckland	Third	30 January[9]
Thomas Gillies	Auckland West	Auckland	Fourth	6 February[10]
John Williamson	Auckland West	Auckland	Fourth	6 February[11]
William Rolleston	Avon	Canterbury	Second	13 January[12]
William Murray	Bruce	Otago	First	28 January[13]
Eugene O'Conor	Buller	Canterbury	First	4 February[14]
Richard Cantrell	Caversham	Otago	First	25 January[15]
Henry Ingles	Cheviot	Canterbury	First	27 January[16]
Jerningham Wakefield	Christchurch East	Canterbury	Second	18 January[9]
Edward Richardson	Christchurch West	Canterbury	First	19 January[7]
John Davies Ormond	Clive	Hawke's Bay	Third	26 January[14]
James William Thomson	Clutha	Otago	First	31 January[17]
John Karslake Karslake	Coleridge	Canterbury	First	4 February[18]
Arthur Collins	Collingwood	Nelson	Second	16 February[19]
William Hunter Reynolds	DunedinCity of Dunedin	Otago	Third	20 January[7]
John Bathgate	DunedinCity of Dunedin	Otago	First	20 January[20]
Thomas Luther Shepherd	Dunstan	Otago	First	7 February[21]
William Kelly	East Coast	Auckland	First	16 February[22]
Karaitiana Takamoana	X-01Eastern Maori		First	1 February[23]
Robert James Creighton	Eden	Auckland	Third	31 January[24]
William Gisborne	Egmont	Taranaki	First	18 January[10]
William Thorne Buckland	Franklin	Auckland	Second	23 February[25]
Archibald Clark	Franklin	Auckland	Third	23 February[26]
George Parker	Gladstone	Canterbury	First	7 February[27]
Frederic Carrington	Grey and Bell	Taranaki	Second	17 January[26]
William Henry Harrison	Grey Valley	Canterbury	Second	26 January[28]
John Hall	Heathcote	Canterbury	Third	14 January[29]
John White	Hokitika	Canterbury	First	25 January[30]
William Fitzherbert	Hutt	Wellington	Fourth	16 January[31]
William Henderson Calder	Invercargill	Southland	First	24 January[15]
John Studholme	Kaiapoi	Canterbury	Second	27 January[32]
Peacock, John Thomas	LytteltonTown of Lyttelton	Canterbury	Second	16 January[33]
Walter Woods Johnston	Manawatu	Wellington	First	4 February[18]
John Munro	Marsden	Auckland	Third	30 January[13]
Dillon Bell	Mataura	Southland	Fourth	11 February[20]
John McLeod	Mongonui and Bay of Islands	Auckland	First	10 February[34]
David Monro^a	Motueka	Nelson	Fifth	10 February[35]
David Mervyn	Mount Ida	Otago	Second	16 February[36]
Donald McLean	Napier	Hawke's Bay	Second	19 January[34]
Martin Lightband	Nelson CityCity of Nelson	Nelson	First	6 February[37]
Oswald Curtis	Nelson CityCity of Nelson	Nelson	Second	6 February[24]
Ralph Richardson	Nelson SuburbsSuburbs of Nelson	Nelson	First	7 February[7]
Thomas Kelly	New Plymouth	Taranaki	Second	28 January[22]
William Swanson	Newton	Auckland	First	25 January[32]
Wi Katene	X-02Northern Maori		First	15 February[22]
Maurice O'Rorke	Onehunga	Auckland	Third	20 February[14]
Reader Wood	Parnell	Auckland	Third	23 January[38]
Kenny, Courtney	Picton	Marlborough	Second	27 January[22]
James Macandrew	Port Chalmers	Otago	Fifth	15 February[39]
William Fox	Rangitikei	Wellington	Fourth	3 February[40]
Lauchlan McGillivray	Riverton	Southland	Second	27 January[41]
Harry Farnall	Rodney	Auckland	Second	13 February[42]
Henry Driver	Roslyn	Otago	Second	30 January[43]
William Reeves	Selwyn	Canterbury	Second	1 February[44]
Hori Kerei Taiaroa	X-03Southern Maori		First	13 February[23]
Donald Reid	Taieri	Otago	Second	3 February[44]
Charles O'Neill	Thames	Auckland	Second	9 February[14]
Edward Stafford	Timaru	Canterbury	Fourth	20 January[45]
George Henry Tribe	Totara	Westland	First	8 February[46]
James Clark Brown	Tuapeka	Otago	Second	13 February[8]
James Benn Bradshaw	Waikaia	Otago	Second	9 February[47]
James McPherson	Waikato	Auckland	First	10 February[34]
George McLean	Waikouaiti	Otago	First	23 January[34]
Joseph Shephard	Waimea	Marlborough	First	13 February[21]
Henry Bunny	Wairarapa	Wellington	Third	28 January[25]
John Andrew	Wairarapa	Wellington	First	28 January[48]
William Henry Eyes	Wairau	Marlborough	Third	24 January[42]
William Steward	Waitaki	Otago	First	3 February[45]
Thomas Henderson	Waitemata	Auckland	Fourth	8 February[49]
Charles Edward Haughton	Wakatipu	Otago	Third	25 January[28]
George Webster	Wallace	Otago	Second	20 February[30]
John Bryce	Wanganui	Wellington	Second	30 January[8]
George Hunter	WellingtonCity of Wellington	Wellington	First	7 February[50]
Edward Pearce	City of Wellington	Wellington	First	7 February[33]
Alfred Brandon	Wellington Country	Wellington	Fourth	17 January[8]
Wiremu Parata	X-04Western Maori		First	13 February[27]

^a Unseated on petition.

Notes

1. "Representation Act 1870". Retrieved 15 November 2010.
2. "General elections 1853-2005 - dates & turnout". Elections New Zealand. Archived from the original on 14 November 2014. Retrieved 12 September 2010.
3. "Key dates in New Zealand electoral reform". Elections New Zealand. Archived from the original on 9 November 2011. Retrieved 6 January 2011.
4. Scholefield 1950, p. 92.
5. "Avon District". The Star (821). 13 January 1871. Retrieved 6 January 2011.
6. McRobie 1989, pp. 33–40.
7. Scholefield 1950, p. 135.
8. Scholefield 1950, p. 97.
9. Scholefield 1950, p. 145.
10. Scholefield 1950, p. 108.
11. Scholefield 1950, p. 148.
12. Scholefield 1950, p. 136.
13. Scholefield 1950, p. 128.
14. Scholefield 1950, p. 130.
15. Scholefield 1950, p. 99.
16. Scholefield 1950, p. 116.
17. Scholefield 1950, p. 143.
18. Scholefield 1950, p. 117.
19. Scholefield 1950, p. 101.
20. Scholefield 1950, p. 95.
21. Scholefield 1950, p. 139.
22. Scholefield 1950, p. 118.
23. Scholefield 1950, p. 142.
24. Scholefield 1950, p. 102.
25. Scholefield 1950, p. 98.
26. Scholefield 1950, p. 100.
27. Scholefield 1950, p. 131.
28. Scholefield 1950, p. 112.
29. Scholefield 1950, p. 111.
30. Scholefield 1950, p. 147.
31. Scholefield 1950, p. 106.
32. Scholefield 1950, p. 141.
33. Scholefield 1950, p. 132.
34. Scholefield 1950, p. 124.
35. Scholefield 1950, p. 127.
36. Scholefield 1950, p. 126.
37. Scholefield 1950, p. 120.
38. Scholefield 1950, p. 149.
39. Scholefield 1950, p. 121.
40. Scholefield 1950, p. 107.
41. Scholefield 1950, p. 122.
42. Scholefield 1950, p. 105.
43. Scholefield 1950, p. 104.
44. Scholefield 1950, p. 134.
45. Scholefield 1950, p. 140.
46. Scholefield 1950, p. 144.
47. Scholefield 1950, p. 96.
48. Scholefield 1950, p. 93.
49. Scholefield 1950, p. 113.
50. Scholefield 1950, p. 115.

References

• McRobie, Alan (1989). Electoral Atlas of New Zealand. Wellington: GP Books. ISBN 0-477-01384-8.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
• Scholefield, Guy (1950) [First ed. published 1913]. New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1949 (3rd ed.). Wellington: Govt. Printer.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)