Auckland Province

The Auckland Province was a province of New Zealand from 1853 until the abolition of provincial government in 1876.

For the current local government region of Auckland, see Auckland Region.
Auckland Province
Provinces of New Zealand
Auckland Province within New Zealand
CountryNew Zealand
IslandNorth Island
Established1853
Abolished1876
Named forBaron Auckland
SeatAuckland

Area

The province covered roughly half of the North Island of New Zealand. It was the largest of the six initial provinces, both by area and population. The southern boundary was mostly along the 39th latitude, which was an arbitrary line, as the country's interior was little known by Europeans.[1] It was not subdivided during its existence;[1] the Taranaki Province (originally named New Plymouth Province)[2] was the other one that kept its boundaries.

History

The six original provinces were established in 1853. At that time, about 30,000 Europeans were living in New Zealand, and a third of them were based in the Auckland Province. An estimated 70% of the Māori population was within the Auckland Province. Although the population of Otago Province (triggered by the Central Otago Gold Rush) and then also the Canterbury region surpassed Auckland's, the northernmost area of the country became most populous again by 1901.[1]

The provincial system was abolished in 1876. Auckland Province was from then used as an administrative district by the Department of Lands and Survey, but the area was later subdivided into the North Auckland, South Auckland, and Gisborne land districts. The 39th latitude was subsequently replaced by boundaries that took landforms into account, and as a consequence, parts of the former Auckland Province are now in the Wellington and Hawke's Bay land districts, and part of the former Wellington Province is in the South Auckland Land District.[1]

Anniversary Day

New Zealand law provides a public holiday for each province's anniversary day. Auckland Anniversary Day generally occurs in late January and is still observed throughout the historic province.

Auckland Provincial Council

Auckland Provincial Council was the elected body of Auckland Province. From its second session onwards, the council used the General Assembly House for its meetings. It shared the use of this building with the New Zealand Parliament from 1854 until 1864 during the time that Auckland was the capital of New Zealand. From 1858, the province owned the building, but continued to make it available to parliament.[3]

Superintendents

The Auckland Province had nine Superintendents:[4][5]

No. from to Superintendent
1 12 Jul 1853 5 Jan 1855 Robert Wynyard
2 15 Mar 1855 Nov 1855 William Brown
3 15 Nov 1855 17 Sep 1856 Logan Campbell
4 11 Nov 1856 Dec 1862 John Williamson
5 11 Dec 1862 22 Sep 1865 Robert Graham
6 25 Oct 1865 2 Mar 1867 Frederick Whitaker
(4) 18 Apr 1867 Dec 1869 John Williamson (2nd time)
7 2 Dec 1869 Nov 1873 Thomas Gillies
(4) 20 Nov 1873 16 Feb 1875 John Williamson (3rd time)
8 Feb 1875 Mar 1875 Maurice O'Rorke
9 24 Mar 1875 1 Jan 1877 George Grey

Speakers

The Provincial Council had three Speakers:[6]

No. from to Speaker
1 1853 1857 Thomas Bartley
2 1857 1865 William Powditch
3 1865 1876 Maurice O'Rorke

Legislation
  • Public Buildings Act 1875

Notes
  1. McLintock, A.H., ed. (22 April 2009) [First published in 1966]. "Auckland Province and Provincial Districts". An Encyclopaedia of New Zealand. Ministry for Culture and Heritage / Te Manatū Taonga. Retrieved 1 December 2013.
  2. McLintock, A.H., ed. (22 April 2009) [First published in 1966]. "Taranaki: Province and Provincial Districts". An Encyclopaedia of New Zealand. Ministry for Culture and Heritage / Te Manatū Taonga. Retrieved 1 December 2013.
  3. Wilson 1985, p. 314.
  4. Scholefield 1950, p. 179.
  5. "Provinces 1848–77". Rulers.org. Retrieved 16 September 2010.
  6. Scholefield 1950, p. 180.
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References
  • Scholefield, Guy (1950) [First published in 1913]. New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1949 (3rd ed.). Wellington: Govt. Printer.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Wilson, James Oakley (1985) [First published in 1913]. New Zealand Parliamentary Record, 1840–1984 (4th ed.). Wellington: V.R. Ward, Govt. Printer. OCLC 154283103.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
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