1668

1668 (MDCLXVIII) was a leap year starting on Sunday of the Gregorian calendar and a leap year starting on Wednesday of the Julian calendar, the 1668th year of the Common Era (CE) and Anno Domini (AD) designations, the 668th year of the 2nd millennium, the 68th year of the 17th century, and the 9th year of the 1660s decade. As of the start of 1668, the Gregorian calendar was 10 days ahead of the Julian calendar, which remained in localized use until 1923.

Millennium:	2nd millennium
Centuries:	16th century 17th century 18th century
Decades:	1640s 1650s 1660s 1670s 1680s
Years:	1665 1666 1667 1668 1669 1670 1671

1668 in various calendars

Gregorian calendar	1668 MDCLXVIII
Ab urbe condita	2421
Armenian calendar	1117 ԹՎ ՌՃԺԷ
Assyrian calendar	6418
Balinese saka calendar	1589–1590
Bengali calendar	1075
Berber calendar	2618
English Regnal year	19 Cha. 2 – 20 Cha. 2
Buddhist calendar	2212
Burmese calendar	1030
Byzantine calendar	7176–7177
Chinese calendar	丁未年 (Fire Goat) 4364 or 4304     — to — 戊申年 (Earth Monkey) 4365 or 4305
Coptic calendar	1384–1385
Discordian calendar	2834
Ethiopian calendar	1660–1661
Hebrew calendar	5428–5429
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	1724–1725
- Shaka Samvat	1589–1590
- Kali Yuga	4768–4769
Holocene calendar	11668
Igbo calendar	668–669
Iranian calendar	1046–1047
Islamic calendar	1078–1079
Japanese calendar	Kanbun 7 (寛文７年)
Javanese calendar	1590–1591
Julian calendar	Gregorian minus 10 days
Korean calendar	4001
Minguo calendar	244 before ROC 民前244年
Nanakshahi calendar	200
Thai solar calendar	2210–2211
Tibetan calendar	阴火羊年 (female Fire-Goat) 1794 or 1413 or 641     — to — 阳土猴年 (male Earth-Monkey) 1795 or 1414 or 642

May 2: Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle

Events

January–June

• January – The Triple Alliance of 1668 is formed between England, Sweden and the United Provinces.
• February 13 – In Lisbon, a peace treaty is established between Afonso VI of Portugal and Carlos II of Spain, by mediation of Charles II of England, in which the legitimacy of the Portuguese monarch is recognized. Portugal yields Ceuta to Spain.
• May 2 – The first Treaty of Aix-la-Chapelle ends the War of Devolution.

July–December

• July 7 – Bishop Isaac Barrow founds the Bishop Barrow Trust with the intention of establishing a university on the Isle of Man; this becomes King William's College.[1]
• July – Welsh privateer Henry Morgan sacks Portobello and Panama City; the lack of booty from the latter attack leads to the city being burned.
• September 9 – Molière's comedy The Miser (L'Avare) is first performed, in Paris.
• September 21 – The British East India Company takes over Bombay under a Royal Charter of March 27.

Date unknown

• One of the world's earliest central banks, the Sveriges Riksbank, is founded in Stockholm, Sweden.
• Emperor Yohannes I of Ethiopia convenes a church council in Gondar, which decides to expel all Roman Catholics from the country.
• English scientist Isaac Newton builds the first reflecting telescope (Newton's reflector).[2]

Births

Giambattista Vico

Herman Boerhaave

• May 8 – Alain-René Lesage, French writer (d. 1747)
• June 23 – Giambattista Vico, Italian philosopher and historian (d. 1744)
• July 21 – Frederick Heinrich of Saxe-Zeitz-Pegau-Neustadt (d. 1713)
• September 8 – Giorgio Baglivi, Armenian doctor and writer (d. 1707)
• October 18 – John George IV, Elector of Saxony (d. 1694)
• October 30 – Sophia Charlotte of Hanover, sister of King George I of Great Britain (d. 1705)
• November 10
  • Louis III, Prince of Condé (d. 1710)
  • François Couperin, French composer (d. 1733)
• November 11 – Johann Albert Fabricius, German scholar (d. 1736)
• November 27 – Henri François d'Aguesseau, Chancellor of France (d. 1751)
• November 30 – William August, Duke of Saxe-Eisenach (d. 1671)
• December 11 – Apostolo Zeno, Italian poet and journalist (d. 1750)
• December 31 – Herman Boerhaave, Dutch humanist and physician (d. 1738)
• date unknown – Stokkseyrar-Dísa, Icelandic Galdrmistress (d. 1728)

Deaths

Algernon Percy, 10th Earl of Northumberland

• January 6
  • Luis de Benavides Carrillo, Marquis of Caracena (b. 1608)
  • Magdalene Sibylle of Saxony, Crown Princess of Denmark (b. 1617)
• January 14 – Arnauld de Oihenart, Basque historian and poet (b. 1592)
• January 31 – Hermann Busenbaum, German Jesuit theologian (b. 1600)
• February 2 – Antonio del Castillo y Saavedra, Spanish artist (b. 1616)
• February 8 – Alessandro Tiarini, Italian painter (b. 1577)
• February 21 – John Thurloe, English Puritan spy (b. 1616)
• March 16 – Francis Talbot, 11th Earl of Shrewsbury (b. 1623)
• April 12 – Alexander Daniell, sole proprietor of the Manor of Alverton, Cornwall (b. 1599)
• April 21 – Jan Boeckhorst, Flemish painter (b. c. 1604)
• May 1 – Frans Luycx, Flemish painter (b. 1604)
• May 8 – Catherine of St. Augustine, French nun and nurse of New France (b. 1632)
• May 9 – Otto Christoph von Sparr, German general (b. 1599)
• May 21 – Christoph Delphicus zu Dohna, Prussian-born Swedish soldier, diplomat (b. 1628)
• June 20 – Heinrich Roth, German Sanskrit scholar (b. 1620)
• July 26 – Hans Svane, Danish statesman (b. 1606)
• August 9 – Jakob Balde, German Latinist (b. 1604)
• August 23 – Artus Quellinus the Elder, Flemish sculptor (b. 1609)
• August 24 – Tyman Oosdorp, Dutch brewer and magistrate of Haarlem (b. 1613)
• September 16
  • Paolo Emilio Rondinini, Italian Bishop of Assisi (b. 1617)
  • Jan Miense Molenaer, Dutch painter (b. 1610)
• September 19 – Sir William Waller, English Civil War general (b. c. 1635)
• October 12 – Zacharias Wagenaer, secretary, painter, then merchant and administrator (Dutch East-India Company) (b. 1614)
• October 13
  • Robert Sutton, 1st Baron Lexinton, English politician (b. 1594)
  • Algernon Percy, 10th Earl of Northumberland, English military leader (b. 1602)
• November 17 – Joseph Alleine, English non-conformist preacher (b. 1634)
• November 21 – Adolf William, Duke of Saxe-Eisenach (b. 1632)
• December 3 – William Cecil, 2nd Earl of Salisbury, English earl (b. 1591)
• December 14 – Charles Berkeley, 2nd Viscount Fitzhardinge, English politician (b. 1599)
• December 23 – Martin Bauzer, Gorizian Jesuit priest and writer (b. 1595)
• December 24 – Wadham Wyndham, English judge (b. 1609)

Date unknown

• Hannah Allen, English nonconformist writer (b. 1638)
• Fang Weiyi, Chinese poet, calligrapher, painter and literature historian (b. 1585)

References

1. "Bishop Barrow's Historic Deed". Journal of the Manx Museum. Retrieved August 28, 2014.
2. Hall, Rupert. Isaac Newton: adventurer in thought. p. 67.