1320s in England

1320s in England

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Events from the 1320s in England.

Incumbents

Monarch – Edward II (to 25 January 1327), Edward III

Events

• 1320
  • Walter de Stapledon appointed as Lord High Treasurer.
  • Many horses die of a disease called "Ffarsine".[1]
• 1321
  • May – Marcher lords seize the lands of Hugh le Despenser, 1st Earl of Winchester.[2]
  • 28 June – Thomas, 2nd Earl of Lancaster holds an assembly at Sherburn-in-Elmet demanding administrative reforms and denouncing Hugh le Despenser.[2]
  • 14 August – Edward II is forced to banish his most loyal baron, Hugh le Despenser, and his son Hugh the younger.[3]
  • Construction of the Lady Chapel at Ely Cathedral begins.[3]
  • First recorded tower clock in England constructed, at Norwich Cathedral.[2]
• 1322
  • 12/13 February – the central tower of Ely Cathedral collapses.[3]
  • 10 March – Battle of Burton Bridge, part of the Despenser War: Edward II drives off rebel forces.
  • 16 March – at the Battle of Boroughbridge, Edward II defeats rebellious barons.[2]
  • 22 March – Earl of Lancaster executed in Pontefract.
  • 14 October – First War of Scottish Independence – Battle of Old Byland: Robert the Bruce of Scotland defeats English troops near Byland Abbey in North Yorkshire.[2]
• 1323
  • 30 May – Edward II makes a 13-year truce with Scotland.[2]
  • 24–30 October – Edward II stays at Liverpool Castle.
  • Walter de Stapledon conducts a major re-organisation of government records and financial rolls.[2]
  • Northallerton Free School founded.
• 1324
  • August – War of Saint-Sardos: France invades Gascony.[2]
  • William of Ockham summoned before the Papal court at Avignon on charges of heresy.[3]
  • Monarch's right to royal fish recognised by statute.[4]
• 1325
  • 9 March – Edward II's wife, Isabella of France, travels to France to negotiate a truce with Charles IV of France.[2]
  • 24 September – Edward of Windsor goes to France to pay homage for Gascony, and remains there with his mother.[2]
• 1326
  • 19 January – Roger de Beler, a Baron of the Exchequer, is murdered by the Folville gang.
  • 27 August – Isabella of France arranges the betrothal of Edward of Windsor to Philippa of Hainault, in return for military support in her planned invasion of England.[2]
  • 24 September – an army led by Isabella and Roger Mortimer lands in Suffolk.[2]
  • 2 October – Edward II flees to Gloucester.[3]
  • 15 October – Walter de Stapledon, Bishop of Exeter (a supporter of the king) is murdered by the mob in London.
  • 27 October – Hugh le Despenser, 1st Earl of Winchester, hanged, drawn and quartered at Bristol.[3]
  • 16 November – Edward II captured at Neath Abbey.[3]
  • 24 November – Hugh Despenser the Younger hanged, drawn and quartered at Hereford.[3]
  • Richard of Wallingford constructs a great public clock at St. Albans.[2]
  • Probable foundation of Hanley Castle Grammar School in Worcestershire.[5]
• 1327
  • 7 January–9 March – Parliament of 1327, sitting at the Palace of Westminster, is instrumental in the transfer of the crown.
  • January – outbreak of rioting against monastic establishments in St Albans and Bury St Edmunds; extends to Abingdon in April.[6]
  • 20 January – Edward II, incarcerated at Kenilworth Castle, abdicates. This is announced in London on 24 January.
  • 25 January – the 14-year-old Edward III is proclaimed King in London in place of his father, Edward II. His mother Isabella and Mortimer rule as regents.[3]
  • 1 February – coronation of Edward III at Westminster Abbey.[2]
  • 31 March – Charles IV of France (Isabella's brother) makes peace with Edward III, returning Gascony to English control.[3]
  • 4 August – First War of Scottish Independence: Scottish forces defeat the English at the Battle of Stanhope Park.
  • 10 August – John Grandisson nominated as Bishop of Exeter (consecrated 18 October); he will serve for more than forty years.
  • 21 September – death of Edward II at Berkeley Castle, later rumoured to be murdered.[3]
  • De Officiis Regum written by Walter de Milemete; the oldest known text to include an illustration of a cannon.[2]
• 1328
  • 24 January – marriage of Edward III to Philippa of Hainault[3] at York Minster.
  • 1 May – by the Treaty of Edinburgh-Northampton, England recognises Scotland as an independent nation after the Wars of Scottish Independence.
  • 5 June – Simon Mepeham enthroned as Archbishop of Canterbury.
  • 17 July – Edward III's sister Joan marries David Bruce, son of the Scottish King.[2]
  • October – Mortimer proclaims himself Earl of March.[2]
  • Willam of Ockham flees Avignon and seeks refuge with the Holy Roman Emperor Louis IV of Bavaria.[3]
  • Reconstruction of Exeter Cathedral in the Decorated Gothic style begins.[7]
  • A storm surge on the Suffolk coast chokes the harbour of Dunwich[8] and sweeps away the village of Newton.
  • St. Catherine's Oratory lighthouse on the Isle of Wight is completed.
• 1329
  • Establishment of the predecessor of The King's School, Grantham.
  • Establishment of Kilve Chantry in Somerset.

Births

• 1320
  • John Hawkwood, mercenary (died 1394)
  • William of Wykeham, Bishop of Winchester (died 1404)
• 1325
  • William de Ros, 3rd Baron de Ros (died 1352)
• 1328
  • 25 June – William de Montacute, 2nd Earl of Salisbury, military leader (died 1397)
  • 29 September – Joan of Kent, wife of Edward, the Black Prince (died 1385)
  • 11 November – Roger Mortimer, 2nd Earl of March (died 1360)

Deaths

• 1321
  • 9 November – Walter Langton, Bishop of Lichfield and treasurer of England
• 1322
  • 16 March – Humphrey de Bohun, 4th Earl of Hereford, soldier (born 1276)
  • 22 March – Thomas, Earl of Lancaster, politician (born c1278)
  • 14 April – Bartholomew de Badlesmere, 1st Lord Badlesmere, soldier (born 1275)
  • 3 December – Maud Chaworth, Countess of Leicester (born 1282)
• 1323
  • 3 March – Andrew Harclay, 1st Earl of Carlisle, military leader (born c. 1276)
• 1324
  • 23 June – Aymer de Valence, 2nd Earl of Pembroke (born c. 1275)
  • 1 November – John de Halton, Bishop of Carlisle (year of birth unknown)
• 1326
  • 14 October – Walter de Stapledon, Bishop of Exeter and Lord High Treasurer (born 1261)
  • 27 October – Hugh le Despenser, 1st Earl of Winchester, chief adviser to Edward II (born 1261)
  • 17 November – Edmund FitzAlan, 9th Earl of Arundel, politician (born 1285)
  • 24 November – Hugh the younger Despenser, knight (born 1286)
• 1327
  • 24 June – James Berkeley, Bishop of Exeter
  • 21 September – King Edward II of England (born 1284)
  • 16 November – Walter Reynolds, Archbishop of Canterbury

References

1. Stratton, J. M. (1969). Agricultural Records. London: John Baker. ISBN 0-212-97022-4.
2. Palmer, Alan; Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 98–100. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.
3. Williams, Hywel (2005). Cassell's Chronology of World History. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson. pp. 157–159. ISBN 0-304-35730-8.
4. 17 Edw. II c. 11, De prærogativa regis.
5. Sandstone memorial plaque on main school building.
6. Lambrick, Gabrielle (May 1964). "Abingdon and the Riots of 1327" (PDF). Oxoniensia. 29–30: 129–41. Retrieved 2011-11-09.
7. Sutton, Ian (1999). Architecture, from Ancient Greece to the Present. London: Thames & Hudson. ISBN 978-0-500-20316-3.
8. Simons, Paul (2008). Since Records Began. London: Collins. pp. 175–6. ISBN 978-0-00-728463-4.