1209

Year 1209 (MCCIX) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar.

Millennium:	2nd millennium
Centuries:	12th century 13th century 14th century
Decades:	1180s 1190s 1200s 1210s 1220s
Years:	1206 1207 1208 1209 1210 1211 1212

1209 in various calendars

Gregorian calendar	1209 MCCIX
Ab urbe condita	1962
Armenian calendar	658 ԹՎ ՈԾԸ
Assyrian calendar	5959
Balinese saka calendar	1130–1131
Bengali calendar	616
Berber calendar	2159
English Regnal year	10 Joh. 1 – 11 Joh. 1
Buddhist calendar	1753
Burmese calendar	571
Byzantine calendar	6717–6718
Chinese calendar	戊辰年 (Earth Dragon) 3905 or 3845     — to — 己巳年 (Earth Snake) 3906 or 3846
Coptic calendar	925–926
Discordian calendar	2375
Ethiopian calendar	1201–1202
Hebrew calendar	4969–4970
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	1265–1266
- Shaka Samvat	1130–1131
- Kali Yuga	4309–4310
Holocene calendar	11209
Igbo calendar	209–210
Iranian calendar	587–588
Islamic calendar	605–606
Japanese calendar	Jōgen (Kamakura period) 3 (承元３年)
Javanese calendar	1117–1118
Julian calendar	1209 MCCIX
Korean calendar	3542
Minguo calendar	703 before ROC 民前703年
Nanakshahi calendar	−259
Thai solar calendar	1751–1752
Tibetan calendar	阳土龙年 (male Earth-Dragon) 1335 or 954 or 182     — to — 阴土蛇年 (female Earth-Snake) 1336 or 955 or 183

Events

By area

Asia

• Genghis Khan conquers Western Xia.
• The army of the Kingdom of Georgia raids the Muslim principalities in north Iran.

Europe

• The Albigensian Crusade is launched against the Cathars.
  • July 22 – Massacre at Béziers: Simon de Monfort, leader of the Crusade, sacks Béziers, killing many Cathars and Catholics alike.
  • August – Simon de Monfort takes over Carcassonne.
• May – The First Parliament of Ravennika is held in Greece.
• June – Treaty of Sapienza: the Republic of Venice recognizes the possession of the Peloponnese by the Prince of Achaea, Geoffrey I of Villehardouin, and keeps only the fortresses of Modon and Coron.
• November – John of England is excommunicated by Pope Innocent III. Despite the excommunication, John will continue to make amends to the Church, including giving alms to the poor whenever he defiles a holy day by hunting during it. This year, he feeds a hundred paupers to make up for when he "went into the woods on the feast of St. Mary Magdalen", and three years from now, he will feast 450 paupers "because the king went to take cranes, and he took nine, for each of which he feasted fifty paupers."[1]
• London Bridge is completed.
• Black Monday, Dublin: A group of 500 recently arrived settlers from Bristol are massacred by warriors of the Gaelic O'Byrne clan. The group leaves the safety of the walled city of Dublin to celebrate Easter Monday near a wood at Ranelagh, and are attacked without warning. Although in modern times a relatively obscure event in history, it is commemorated by a mustering of the Mayor, Sheriffs and soldiers on the day, as a challenge to the native tribes for centuries afterwards.

By topic

Education

• Cambridge University is founded.

Markets

• Philippe Auguste of France grants a "conduit" to merchants going to the Champagne fairs, guaranteeing the safety of their travel, as any attempt made against them is now to be considered as a crime of lese-majesty. The decision increases again the appeal of the fairs, to merchants from Italy and the Low Countries.[2]
• The banking firm known as the Gran Tavola is formed; most of the partners are members of the Bonsignori Family. [3]

Religion

• The Franciscan Order is founded.

Births

• January 5 – Richard, 1st Earl of Cornwall, Holy Roman Emperor (d. 1272)
• January 11 – Möngke Khan, 4th Khagan of the Mongol Empire (d. 1259)
• date unknown
  • Haji Bektash Veli, Khorasanian mystic (d. 1271)
• Bettisia Gozzadini, Italian scholar (d. 1260)

Deaths

• March 29 – Fakhr al-Din al-Razi, Persian theologian and philosopher (b. 1149)
• April 2 – Elisabeth of Greater Poland, Duchess of Bohemia (b. 1152)
• November 12 – Phillipe de Plessis, Grand Master of the Knights Templar (b. 1165)
• date unknown –
  • Nizami Ganjavi, Persian mystic poet
  • Walter Map, Welsh historian (b. c 1137)[4]

References

1. King John by Warren. Published by University of California Press in 1961. p. 141
2. Recueils de la Société Jean Bodin pour l'histoire comparative des institutions. Paris: Éditions de la Librairie encyclopedique. 1953.
3. Catoni, Giuliano. "BONSIGNORI". Dizionario Biografico degli Italiani. Retrieved December 20, 2011.
4. Ashley, Leonard (2013). The Complete Book of Vampires. Souvenir Press. p. 71. ISBN 9780285642270.