(523692) 2014 EZ₅₁

(523692) 2014 EZ₅₁, provisional designation 2014 EZ₅₁, is a trans-Neptunian object and possible dwarf planet in the scattered disc, approximately 600 kilometres (370 miles) in diameter. It was discovered on 18 April 2010, by the Pan-STARRS 1 survey at Haleakala Observatory, Hawaii, United States.[1]

(523692) 2014 EZ₅₁

Discovery [1]
Discovered by	Pan-STARRS 1
Discovery site	Haleakala Obs.
Discovery date	18 April 2010
Designations
MPC designation	(523692) 2014 EZ51
Minor planet category	TNO [2] · SDO [3][4] p-DP [5] · distant [1]
Orbital characteristics [2]
Epoch 27 April 2019 (JD 2458600.5)
Uncertainty parameter 3
Observation arc	7.40 yr (2,704 d)
Aphelion	64.418 AU
Perihelion	40.631 AU
Semi-major axis	52.525 AU
Eccentricity	0.2264
Orbital period	380.68 yr (139,042 d)
Mean anomaly	267.96°
Mean motion	0° 0^m 9.36^s / day
Inclination	10.257°
Longitude of ascending node	27.522°
Argument of perihelion	329.60°
Physical characteristics
Mean diameter	>575 km (occultation)[6] 626 km (calculated)[5]
Geometric albedo	0.11 (assumed)[5]
Absolute magnitude (H)	3.8[1][2] 4.2[5]

Orbit and classification

2014 EZ₅₁ orbits the Sun at a distance of 40.6±64.4 AU once every 380 years and 8 months (139,042 days; semi-major axis of 52.53 AU). Its orbit has an eccentricity of 0.23 and an inclination of 10° with respect to the ecliptic.[2] The body's observation arc begins with its official discovery observation at Haleakala in April 2010.[1] According to Michael Brown it is a "highly likely" dwarf planet.[5]

Numbering and naming

This minor planet was numbered by the Minor Planet Center on 25 September 2018 (M.P.C. 111779).[7] As of 2018, it has not been named.[1]

Physical characteristics

According to astronomer Michael Brown, 2014 EZ₅₁ measures 615 kilometres in diameter, based on an absolute magnitude of 4.2, with an assumed albedo of 0.10, respectively.[5] The Johnston's Archive claims a 770 km diameter, but does not state magnitude or albedo;[3] if it is assumed to use the 3.8 magnitude given by the MPC and JPL (themselves without albedo estimates)[1][2], this would correspond to an albedo of approx 0.092.

On 25 February 2019, a stellar occultation by 2014 EZ₅₁ was observed in New Zealand. From these observations, a lower limit of 575 km was placed for its mean diameter.[6]

As of 2018, no physical characteristics have been determined from photometric observations. The body's rotation period, pole and shape remain unknown.[2][8][9]

References

1. "523692 (2014 EZ51)". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 9 October 2018.
2. "JPL Small-Body Database Browser: 523692 (2014 EZ51)" (2017-09-12 last obs.). Jet Propulsion Laboratory. Retrieved 9 October 2018.
3. "List of Known Trans-Neptunian Objects". Johnston's Archive. 22 July 2017. Retrieved 9 October 2018.
4. "List Of Centaurs and Scattered-Disk Objects". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 9 October 2018.
5. Brown, Michael E. "How many dwarf planets are there in the outer solar system?". California Institute of Technology. Retrieved 13 August 2019.
6. Loader, B.; Hanna, W. (25 February 2019). "(523692) 2014 EZ51, 2019 February 25 occultation". occultations.org.nz. Retrieved 5 January 2020.
7. "MPC/MPO/MPS Archive". Minor Planet Center. Retrieved 9 October 2018.
8. "LCDB Data for (523692)". Asteroid Lightcurve Database (LCDB). Retrieved 9 October 2018.
9. "Asteroid (523692) 2014 EZ51". Small Bodies Data Ferret. Retrieved 9 October 2018.

External links

• Discovery Circumstances: Numbered Minor Planets (520001)-(525000) – Minor Planet Center
• (523692) 2014 EZ51 at AstDyS-2, Asteroids—Dynamic Site
  • Ephemeris · Observation prediction · Orbital info · Proper elements · Observational info
• (523692) 2014 EZ51 at the JPL Small-Body Database
  • Close approach · Discovery · Ephemeris · Orbit diagram · Orbital elements · Physical parameters