Almaty Metro

Almaty Metro (Kazakh: Алматы метрополитені, Almaty Metropolıteni; Russian: Алматинский метрополитен) is a rapid transit/metro system in Almaty, Kazakhstan. The first line of the system was opened on 1 December 2011, after more than 23 years of construction.[6][7] A 2.9-kilometre (1.8 mi), two-station extension of the Metro to Moskva station opened on 18 April 2015.[4]

Almaty Metro
Overview
Native nameАлматы метрополитені
Almaty Metropolıteni
LocaleAlmaty, Kazakhstan
Transit typeRapid transit
Number of lines1[1]
Number of stations9
Daily ridership44,650 (average, 2019)
Annual ridership16.3 million (2019)[2][3]
WebsiteKGP Metro Almaty
Operation
Began operation1 December 2011
Operator(s)Communal State Enterprise "Metropolyten"
Number of vehicles7
Technical
System length11.3 km (7.0 mi)[4]
Track gauge1,520 mm (4 ft 11 27⁄32 in) Russian gauge
Electrification750 V DC[5]
Average speed34 km/h (21 mph)[1]
Top speed90 km/h (56 mph)[5]
System map

Almaty Metro Line A
 MPD-1 «Raiymbek batyr»
 Raiymbek batyr
Zhibek Zholy 
 Almaly
 Abay
 Baikonur
 Auezov Theater
Alatau 
 Sayran
 Moskva
 Opening ca. 2021 ↓
 Saryarqa
 Dostyq
Planned ↓
 Qalqaman
 Avtovokzal

History
Construction of Abay Station, September 2007

Construction of the Almaty Metro began on 7 September 1988[6] when Kazakhstan was part of the Soviet Union. However, following the collapse of the Soviet Union, funds from Moscow dried up and the new Kazakhstani government was unable to continue construction. Efforts to preserve the already-completed work were made, but the high cost led to the accumulation of large debts to construction workers.

In 2003, the government of Kazakhstan laid out a new development initiative which included government funds for continued construction on the metro. During the Metro's construction the Almaty tram network was wound down and most its routes closed by 2010.[8]

Construction

By 2005, the construction programme, now under the control of President Nursultan Nazarbayev, received commitments for 72 million tenge for 2006–2008.

In 2007, the tunnel between the Almaly and Abai stations was completed on the night of 24/25 May. The tunnel is 1.271 kilometres (0.790 mi) in length. At the connection point, it is situated at a depth of 73 metres (240 ft). The tunnel from Abai towards Baikonur (1.526 kilometres (0.948 mi) in length) was finished at the end of 2007. Another tunnel on this span was finished in the middle of 2008.

The construction cost on the first line is estimated at 101 billion tenge (US$1 billion).

The first section of the Metro opened 1 December 2011,[6][7] operating on 8.54 kilometres (5.3 mi) of route and serving seven stations[1] (four deep-level stations and three sub-surface stations). When opened it was the second metro system in Central Asia, and the sixteenth metro in the former Soviet Union region.

Construction on the expansion to Sairan and Moskva stations started in 2011, and opened for service on 18 April 2015, adding another 2.9 kilometres (1.8 mi) of route and two stations to the Metro.

Operations
Inside a metro train

As of April 2015, the Almaty Metro has a route length of 11.3 kilometres (7.0 mi)[4] and serves nine stations.

The Almaty Metro owns seven four-car trainsets[5] made by Hyundai.[9]

Passenger numbers
Platforms of Raiymbek batyr Metro station

12.4 million passengers used the metro in 2016, an increase on the 10.6 million who used it in 2015.[10] Daily passenger numbers varied from 17,000 per day on Saturdays, Sundays and public holidays to up to 45,000 people who used it on working days.[10]

Future plans

The Metro is expanding.[11] Phase 2 of the Metro is the 3.1 km extension to Sary-Arka and Dostyk and is predicted to be completed in 2021.[12] The 5.52 km extension to Kalkaman and Western Bus Station is predicted for completion in 2025.[13] Phase 3 will start after the completion of Phase 2 and will consist of a northern extension of 8.76 km, predicted for completion before 2035.[14]

See also

References
  1. ОСНОВНЫЕ ТЕХНИКО-ЭКСПЛУАТАЦИОННЫЕ ХАРАКТЕРИСТИКИ МЕТРОПОЛИТЕНОВ ЗА 2016 ГОД. [Main technical and operational specifications for Subways for Year 2016.] (pdf). asmetro.ru (in Russian). Международная Ассоциация "Метро" [International Association of Metros]. 2016. pp. 1, 3. Retrieved 18 July 2018.
  2. "Алматинцы стали чаще пользоваться метро – рост за год 2 млн пассажиров". metroalmaty. 2018. Retrieved 21 August 2018.
  3. https://inbusiness.kz/ru/last/metropoliten-almaty-v-2019-godu-uvelichil-passazhiropotok-na-10-1
  4. Kava, Alexander (20 April 2015). "Presidential opening for Almaty metro extension". International Railway Journal. Retrieved 20 April 2015.
  5. Hyundai Rotem: Project Record, Kazakhstan Almaty EMU.
  6. В Алматы открылся Метрополитен [Opening of the Almaty Metro]. zakon.kz (in Russian). 1 December 2011. Retrieved 1 November 2013.
  7. "Almaty metro opens and Phase 2 funded". Railway Gazette International. 2 December 2011. Retrieved 20 April 2015.
  8. https://books.google.bg/books?id=VjoUAgAAQBAJ&pg=PT130&lpg=PT130
  9. https://time.kz/news/archive/2007/12/22/2321
  10. Zhazira Dyussembekova (18 January 2017). "Almaty Metro Prepares for Universiade". The Astana Times. Retrieved 22 January 2017.
  11. "Қазақстан Президенті Алматыдағы метрополитеннің бірінші кезегінің ашылу салтанатына қатысты – Бейнежаңалықтар – Бүгінгі Қазақстан жаңалықтары". Bnews.kz. Retrieved 25 February 2014.
  12. https://www.nur.kz/1795417-kak-prohodit-stroitelstvo-novyh-stancij-metro-v-almaty-foto.html
  13. http://today.kz/news/zhizn/2018-11-26/772451-nazvana-tochnaya-data-vvoda-novyih-stantsij-metro-v-almatyi/
  14. https://www.inform.kz/ru/v-sleduyuschem-godu-v-byudzhete-neobhodimo-predusmotret-4-5-mlrd-tenge-dlya-stroitel-stva-vtoroy-ocheredi-almatinskogo-metropolitena-akim-almaty_a2330489
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