Ziggy Stardust (song)

"Ziggy Stardust" is a song written by English singer-songwriter David Bowie for his 1972 concept album The Rise and Fall of Ziggy Stardust and the Spiders from Mars. Co-produced by Bowie and Ken Scott, he recorded it at Trident Studios in London in November 1971 with his backing band the Spiders from Mars—comprising Mick Ronson, Trevor Bolder and Mick Woodmansey. Lyrically, the song is about Ziggy Stardust, a bisexual alien rock star who acts as a messenger for extraterrestrial beings. The character was influenced by English singer Vince Taylor, as well as the Legendary Stardust Cowboy and Kansai Yamamoto. Although Ziggy is introduced earlier on the album, this song is its centrepiece, presenting the rise and fall of the star in a very human-like manner. Musically, it is a glam rock song, like its parent album, and is based around a Ronson guitar riff.

"Ziggy Stardust"
Cover of the 1994 live single version
Song by David Bowie
from the album The Rise and Fall of Ziggy Stardust and the Spiders from Mars
Released
  • 16 June 1972 (1972-06-16)
Recorded11 November 1971
StudioTrident, London
GenreGlam rock
Length3:13
LabelRCA
Songwriter(s)David Bowie
Producer(s)
The Rise and Fall of Ziggy Stardust and the Spiders from Mars track listing
11 tracks
Side one
  1. "Five Years"
  2. "Soul Love"
  3. "Moonage Daydream"
  4. "Starman"
  5. "It Ain't Easy"
Side two
  1. "Lady Stardust"
  2. "Star"
  3. "Hang On to Yourself"
  4. "Ziggy Stardust"
  5. "Suffragette City"
  6. "Rock 'n' Roll Suicide"
Music video
"Ziggy Stardust" (from the film) on YouTube

Since its release, "Ziggy Stardust" has received widespread acclaim from music critics, with the majority praising its story, guitar riff and the band's performance. The song has since been included on lists of Bowie's greatest songs, and by some as one of the greatest songs of all time. Rolling Stone ranked it number 282 on their list of The 500 Greatest Songs of All Time in 2010. The track is also one of four of Bowie's songs included in The Rock and Roll Hall of Fame's 500 Songs that Shaped Rock and Roll. Bowie performed the song frequently on the Ziggy Stardust and 1978 Stage tours, and again during his tours in the 2000s.

The song was covered by the English gothic rock band Bauhaus in 1982; their version peaked at number 15 on the UK Singles Chart. While Bowie's original recording was never released as a single, a live version from 1972 was released as a single in France in 1994 to promote the bootleg album Santa Monica '72. The song has since appeared on multiple compilation albums and has been remastered several times, including in 2012 for its 40th anniversary; this remaster was included in the box set Five Years (1969–1973) in 2015.

Composition

Bowie wrote "Ziggy Stardust" and fellow album track "Lady Stardust" "within days" of each other in early 1971.[1] According to biographer Nicholas Pegg, it was registered with Bowie's publisher Chrysalis as early as April 1971, before the recording sessions for Hunky Dory (1971).[2] Bowie recorded an acoustic demo of the track between February and March 1971 at Radio Luxembourg's studios in London,[1][2] around the same time he recorded "Moonage Daydream" and "Hang On to Yourself" with his band Arnold Corns.[3] This demo was released as a bonus track on the Rykodisc CD release of Ziggy Stardust in 1990.[4] The demo also appeared on the Ziggy Stardust – 30th Anniversary Reissue bonus disc in 2002.[2]

The album version was recorded at Trident Studios in London on 11 November 1971.[5][2] Co-produced by Ken Scott, Bowie recorded it with his backing band known as the Spiders from Mars—comprising Mick Ronson, Trevor Bolder and Mick Woodmansey. Musically, it is a glam rock song, like its parent album,[6] that is based around a riff containing both tonic and dominant chords (the latter with a "hammered 4th"), followed by a "shifting-bass run" from C to A minor, thereby going back to the root.[7] Biographer Marc Spitz describes the riff as "instantly recognisable and primal but complex."[8] While Ronson plays the main riff on an electric guitar, Bowie plays an acoustic twelve-string guitar, which is mixed beneath the electric. A second electric guitar riff, inspired by the American rock band the Byrds, what Doggett calls a "jingle-jangle", is also present but almost buried in the mix.[7] Richard Cromelin of Rolling Stone notes the "faint ring" of 1970's The Man Who Sold the World on the track—"stately, measured, fuzzily electric."[9] Bowie begins his vocals, which Doggett describes "like a meteor from a distant galaxy", with "the phrase that defines his hero: 'Ziggy played guitar'."[7][8] The song ends with a reprise of the same line, but Bowie holds the note "defiantly"; once his voice slides away, and Ronson enters on guitar, sliding away in the same vein.[10] Doggett describes the final seconds: "Then, after one of the most perfectly judged pauses ever captured on vinyl, there was "Suffragette City"."[10]

Lyrics
Bowie in character as Ziggy Stardust performing during the Ziggy Stardust Tour.

The song describes Bowie's alter ego Ziggy Stardust, a rock star who acts as a messenger for extraterrestrial beings.[11] The character was inspired by English rock 'n' roll singer Vince Taylor, whom Bowie met after Taylor had a breakdown and believed himself to be a cross between a god and an alien,[12][13] though Taylor was only part of the character's blueprint.[14] Bowie's allusions to Taylor include identifying himself as a "leper messiah".[2] Other influences included the Legendary Stardust Cowboy and Kansai Yamamoto, who designed the costumes Bowie wore during the tour.[15][16] Bowie told Rolling Stone that the name "Ziggy" was "one of the few Christian names I could find beginning with the letter 'Z'".[17] He later explained in a 1990 interview for Q magazine that the Ziggy part came from a tailor's shop called Ziggy's that he passed on a train, and he liked it because it had "that Iggy [Pop] connotation but it was a tailor's shop, and I thought, Well, this whole thing is gonna be about clothes, so it was my own little joke calling him Ziggy. So Ziggy Stardust was a real compilation of things."[18][19]

On the album, the Ziggy Stardust character is introduced directly on the third track, "Moonage Daydream".[20] However, "Ziggy Stardust" is the central piece of the narrative of the album, presenting a complete "birth-to-death chronology".[1] Both "Ziggy Stardust" and fellow album track "Lady Stardust" offer vastly different portraits of Ziggy.[1] According to the author Peter Doggett, "Lady Stardust" presents an unfinished tale with "no hint at a denouement beyond a vague air of melancholy",[1] while "Ziggy Stardust" shows Ziggy's rise and fall in a very human manner.[21] O'Leary notes that the song's narrator is not definitive: it could be an audience member retrospectively discussing Ziggy, it could be one of the Spiders or even the "dissociated memories" of Ziggy himself.[22] Ziggy has several rock star characteristics: drug use, an enormous cock, and the "too-wasted-to-leave-the-room pallor."[7] He plays guitar "left hand", which Doggett and Pegg believe is inspired by American guitarist Jimi Hendrix, along with the lines "jiving us that we were voodoo" and "killed" by "the kids".[2][7] Ziggy is "well-hung" and has a "snow-white tan", which Pegg believes suggests the "coked-up sexuality of Iggy Pop's stage persona."[2] Pegg also notes the presence of Lou Reed of the Velvet Underground in the line "came on so loaded man".[2] He also describes himself as "the Nazz", which was the American comedian Lord Buckley's nickname for Christ (as in "Nazarene"), as well as the name of several former backing bands for Todd Rundgren and Alice Cooper; Cooper had also fronted a group known as the Spiders in 1965.[2][7] Doggett notes the similarity between the story of Jesus and Ziggy: the story of Jesus ended in death, and is followed by "a mysterious afterlife, acolytes, skeptics, and all the other paraphernalia associated with the premature demise of modern-day icons", mentioning the likes of Marilyn Monroe, James Dean, Hendrix, Elvis Presley, John Lennon and Kurt Cobain.[10] According to Pegg, the line "making love with his ego" most likely refers to Jim Morrison and Mick Jagger, but believes "the list of applicants is still growing."[2] The line "Ziggy sucked up into his mind" reprises the line "your laughter is sucked in their brains" from the Hunky Dory track "Queen Bitch".[2]

Release and reception
I wasn't at all surprised 'Ziggy Stardust' made my career. I packaged a totally credible plastic rock star.[23]

– David Bowie, in an interview with Rolling Stone

"Ziggy Stardust" is the ninth track on the Bowie's fifth studio album The Rise and Fall of Ziggy Stardust and the Spiders from Mars, released on 16 June 1972 by RCA Records.[24][25] The original recording was never released as a single,[26] but a live version recorded at Santa Monica Civic Auditorium during the Ziggy Stardust Tour was released as a single in France and the United States in 1994 to promote the bootleg album Santa Monica '72 (1994).[2] This version was accompanied by a video compiled from live footage shot at Dunstable Civic Hall on 21 June 1972 which, according to Pegg, offers "fascinating glimpses of an early Ziggy show in action."[27] In the wake of Bowie's death in 2016, the song managed to chart for the first time, peaking at number 86 on the Portuguese AFP chart, number 75 on the Billboard Japan Hot 100 and at number 17 on the US Billboard Hot Rock Songs chart.[28][29][30]

Since its release, "Ziggy Stardust" has received widespread acclaim from music critics, with the majority praising its story, guitar riff and the band's performance. In a review for Ziggy Stardust on release, Richard Cromelin of Rolling Stone praised Bowie's imagery and storytelling, calling it some of his most "adventuresome" up to that point.[9] Ned Raggett of AllMusic noted the song's restraint compared to other songs on the album: "Rather than being one of the album's quick, stone-cold rockers, it's measured, takes its time, is as acoustic as it is electric." Raggett described the band's performance as "crisp and explosive" praising Ronson's guitar work, believing his riffs and their distortion could "signal ... where rock could go as any of Hendrix's big hits." He also complimented Bowie's vocal performance and called the song a "total classic."[31] Ultimate Classic Rock ranked "Ziggy Stardust" second on their list of the ten best glam rock songs of the 1970s, behind "20th Century Boy" by T. Rex, which was written by Marc Bolan,[6] one of the influencers of Ziggy Stardust.[32] The same publication, on their list of Bowie's ten best songs, listed "Ziggy Stardust" at number six, praising Ronson's guitar hook, writing, "[it] gives the song as much of its personality as Bowie's lyrics do."[33] Ian Fortnam of Classic Rock ranked every track on the album from worst to best placing the song at number four, praising its storytelling, Ronson's guitar work and Bowie's vocal performance.[34] In 2018, NME, on their list of Bowie's 40 greatest songs, ranked "Ziggy Stardust" at number 20, calling Ronson's guitar riff one of rock's greatest.[26] Rolling Stone described the song as "one of rock's earliest, and best, power ballads."[35] In 2010, the song ranked at number 282 on their list of The 500 Greatest Songs of All Time.[23] Ultimate Classic Rock placed the song on their list of the top 200 songs of the 1970s, writing that as the centrepiece of Bowie's "greatest album", "in a way, it's also Bowie's story turbocharged through the cosmos, ready for whatever the decade offered him."[36] The song is one of four of Bowie's songs included on the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame's list of The Songs That Shaped Rock and Roll.[37]

Live versions and subsequent releases

Bowie recorded the song for the BBC radio programmes Sounds of the 70s: John Peel and Bob Harris on 11 and 18 January 1972, respectively. On 16 May 1972, he played the song again on Sounds of the 70s: John Peel, which was broadcast a week later on 23 May 1972.[38] The 18 January and 16 May recordings were released on the Bowie at the Beeb album in 2000,[39] while the 11 January recording is included on the album BBC Sessions 1969–1972 (Sampler).[2] Bowie performed the song throughout the Ziggy Stardust Tour (1972–1973), one of which can be heard on Ziggy Stardust: The Motion Picture (1983) and Live Santa Monica '72 (2008).[40][41] Performances from the 1978 Stage tour have been released on Stage (1978) and Welcome to the Blackout (2018).[42][43] Despite having vowed in 1990 never to perform the track again, it was often the closing number on Bowie's 2002 Heathen Tour. Buckley calls his renditions during this tour "heart-stopping".[44] Bowie also performed the song at the 2000 Glastonbury Festival, released in 2018 on the album Glastonbury 2000,[45] and on his 2003 Reality Tour A performance from that tour is included on the 2010 A Reality Tour album.[2][46]

Since its release, "Ziggy Stardust" has appeared on numerous compilation albums, including Changesonebowie (1976),[47] Changesbowie (1990),[48] The Best of David Bowie 1969/1974 (1997),[49] Best of Bowie (2002),[50] Nothing Has Changed (2014)[51] and Legacy (2016).[52] The song, along with the entire Ziggy Stardust album, has been remastered multiple times, including in 1990 by Rykodisc,[53][54] and in 2012 for its 40th anniversary.[55] The 2012 remaster and the 2003 remixes by producer Ken Scott were included in the box set Five Years (1969–1973) in 2015.[56]

Personnel

Personnel per Kevin Cann and Chris O'Leary.[57][58]

Charts
Chart (2016) Peak
position
Japan (Japan Hot 100)[28] 75
Portugal (AFP)[29] 86
US Hot Rock & Alternative Songs (Billboard)[30] 17

Certifications
Region CertificationCertified units/sales
United Kingdom (BPI)[59] Silver 200,000

sales+streaming figures based on certification alone

Bauhaus version
"Ziggy Stardust"
Single by Bauhaus
B-side"Third Uncle" (Eno)
ReleasedOctober 1982
Recorded1982 at a BBC radio session
Genre
Length3:08
LabelBeggars Banquet
Songwriter(s)David Bowie
Bauhaus singles chronology
"Spirit"
(1982)		 "Ziggy Stardust"
(1982)		 "Lagartija Nick"
(1983)
Bauhaus performing in London in 2006.

The English gothic rock band Bauhaus recorded a version of "Ziggy Stardust" as their eighth single. The band idolised Bowie, with drummer Kevin Haskins recalling in his book Bauhaus Undead: The Visual History and Legacy of Bauhaus their first time meeting the late singer-songwriter while on the set of the 1983 gothic horror film The Hunger, in which Bowie starred:[60][61] "We were all very big fans of Bowie and, like many musicians of the post-punk era, Bowie's performance of "Starman" on Top of the Pops, was a significant and profound turning point in our lives. So to say that we were excited was somewhat of an understatement." In the film, the band performed their 1979 song "Bela Lugosi's Dead" in a nightclub where Bowie's character was present. Following filming, the group met Bowie in person. He lit a cigarette for Haskins who described being completely starstruck. Bowie also told the band, along with about 20 extras, the reasons he chose the songs he recorded for his 1973 album Pin Ups.[62]

According to AllMusic's Dave Thompson, the band were "killing some downtime" at Trident Studios in London when members Haskins and Daniel Ash began an impromptu jam of "Ziggy Stardust" as a "joking tribute" to "the artist with whom virtually every critic in the land had now compared Bauhaus." Tapes were running and once they heard the track, they were "absolutely enthralled" and decided to include it during their upcoming BBC session for John Peel.[63] Bauhaus subsequently recorded their version of "Ziggy Stardust" at a session in 1982.[64] Their version has been categorised as gothic rock and post-punk.[33][65] The group filmed a music video for their cover in August 1982 at the Roundhouse under Camden Market in London. Directed by Mick Calvert, it features the band performing a full "mock-gig" with complete backline and "riotous" fans.[65][60] Ned Raggett of AllMusic praised Bauhaus' rendition of "Ziggy Stardust", calling it a "nuclear-strength take" on the original.[31]

Bauhaus' version was released as a single in October 1982 by Beggars Banquet Records in 7" and 12" format (as BEG 83 and BEG 83T, respectively).[64][66][67] The B-side was a cover of English musician Brian Eno's "Third Uncle", from his 1974 album Taking Tiger Mountain (By Strategy), which was recorded at the same radio session as "Ziggy Stardust".[68] The 12" single featured an original, "Party of the First Part", and a live cover of the 1967 Velvet Underground song "I'm Waiting for the Man".[67] The single peaked at number 15 on the UK Singles Chart,[69] earning the band an appearance on the television programme Top of the Pops.[70] The single's success propelled their 1982 album The Sky's Gone Out to number four on the UK Albums Chart, becoming the band's biggest hit.[71] This recording later appeared on the group's 1989 album Swing the Heartache: The BBC Sessions.[64][72] Another studio take, featuring elements of Bowie's 1973 song "Cracked Actor", was released on the 2009 reissue of their 1981 album Mask.[64]

Track listings
7" single[66]
  1. "Ziggy Stardust" (Bowie) – 3:08
  2. "Third Uncle" (Eno) – 5:11
12" single[67]
  1. "Ziggy Stardust" (Bowie) – 3:08
  2. "Party of the First Part" (Bauhaus) – 5:22
  3. "Third Uncle" (Eno) – 5:11
  4. "Waiting for the Man" (live) (Lou Reed) – 5:31

Charts
Chart (1982) Peak
position
UK Singles (Official Charts Company)[73] 15
gollark: The technical term is "apiopyroform".
gollark: However, apioforms of class Æ.
gollark: No.
gollark: Yep!
gollark: What do you mean, <@596265106183159808>?!?!?!⸘

References
  1. Doggett 2012, p. 121.
  2. Pegg 2016, p. 573.
  3. Pegg 2016, p. 604.
  4. Cann 2010, p. 255.
  5. Doggett 2012, p. 107.
  6. Rivadavia, Eduardo (17 March 2013). "Top 10 '70s Glam Rock Songs". Ultimate Classic Rock. Archived from the original on 10 March 2020. Retrieved 18 July 2019.
  7. Doggett 2012, p. 122.
  8. Spitz 2009, p. 188.
  9. Cromelin, Richard (20 July 1972). "The Rise & Fall of Ziggy Stardust and the Spiders From Mars – David Bowie". Rolling Stone. Archived from the original on 25 December 2019. Retrieved 15 March 2020.
  10. Doggett 2012, p. 123.
  11. Erlewine, Stephen Thomas. "The Rise and Fall of Ziggy Stardust and the Spiders from Mars – David Bowie". AllMusic. Archived from the original on 10 March 2020. Retrieved 7 March 2020.
  12. "BBC – BBC Radio 4 Programmes – Ziggy Stardust Came from Isleworth". BBC. Archived from the original on 30 September 2010. Retrieved 5 November 2010.
  13. "The Leper Messiah: Vince Taylor". David Bowie official. Archived from the original on 27 July 2011. Retrieved 5 November 2010.
  14. Mahoney, Elisabeth (20 August 2010). "Ziggy Stardust Came from Isleworth – review". The Guardian. London. Archived from the original on 16 January 2014. Retrieved 5 November 2010.
  15. Schinder & Schwartz 2008, p. 448.
  16. Waldrep 2004, pp. 111–112.
  17. "11–14". The Observer. 20 June 2004. Archived from the original on 21 September 2017. Retrieved 20 September 2017.
  18. Campbell, Michael (2005). Popular music in America: The Beat Goes On. Wadsworth/Thomson Learning. ISBN 0-534-55534-9. Archived from the original on 3 June 2016. Retrieved 15 May 2016.
  19. Du Noyer, Paul (25 August 2009). "David Bowie interview by Paul Du Noyer 1990". Paul Du Noyer. Archived from the original on 15 July 2011. Retrieved 26 April 2011.
  20. Pegg 2016, p. 327.
  21. Pegg 2016, p. 572.
  22. O'Leary 2015, p. 274.
  23. "500 Greatest Songs of All Time". Rolling Stone. 7 April 2011. Archived from the original on 11 August 2019. Retrieved 28 March 2020.
  24. "Happy 43rd Birthday to Ziggy Stardust". davidbowie.com. 16 June 2015. Archived from the original on 4 July 2017. Retrieved 4 December 2017.
  25. The Rise and Fall of Ziggy Stardust and the Spiders from Mars (liner notes). David Bowie. UK: RCA Victor. 1972. SF 8287.CS1 maint: others (link)
  26. Barker, Emily (8 January 2018). "David Bowie's 40 greatest songs – as decided by NME and friends". NME. Archived from the original on 3 November 2019. Retrieved 16 February 2020.
  27. Pegg 2016, pp. 573–574.
  28. "David Bowie Chart History (Japan Hot 100)". Billboard. Retrieved 31 January 2016.
  29. "Portuguesecharts.com – David Bowie – Ziggy Stardust". AFP Top 100 Singles. Retrieved 23 April 2020.
  30. "David Bowie Chart History (Hot Rock & Alternative Songs)". Billboard. Retrieved 31 January 2016.
  31. Raggett, Ned. ""Ziggy Stardust" – David Bowie". AllMusic. Archived from the original on 4 July 2019. Retrieved 28 March 2020.
  32. Pegg 2016, pp. 616, 619.
  33. Kaufman, Spencer (11 January 2016). "Top 10 David Bowie Songs". Ultimate Classic Rock. Archived from the original on 31 December 2019. Retrieved 25 January 2020.
  34. Fortnam, Ian (11 November 2016). "Every song on David Bowie's Ziggy Stardust ranked from worst to best". Louder. Archived from the original on 26 August 2019. Retrieved 26 August 2019.
  35. "500 Greatest Albums of All Time : 35 – David Bowie, 'The Rise and Fall of Ziggy Stardust and the Spiders From Mars'". Rolling Stone. 31 May 2012. Archived from the original on 5 March 2013. Retrieved 21 January 2016.
  36. Staff (6 November 2015). "Top 200 '70s Songs". Ultimate Classic Rock. Archived from the original on 9 November 2019. Retrieved 30 March 2020.
  37. "The Songs that Shaped Rock and Roll". Rock and Roll Hall of Fame. Archived from the original on 17 March 2010. Retrieved 12 January 2008.
  38. Pegg 2016, pp. 1,094–1,096.
  39. Erlewine, Stephen Thomas. "Bowie at the Beeb: The Best of the BBC Radio Sessions 68–72 – David Bowie". AllMusic. Archived from the original on 2 July 2018. Retrieved 10 March 2020.
  40. Viglione, Joe. "Ziggy Stardust: The Motion Picture – David Bowie". AllMusic. Archived from the original on 24 April 2019. Retrieved 10 March 2020.
  41. Thornton, Anthony (1 July 2008). "David Bowie – 'Live: Santa Monica '72' review". NME. Archived from the original on 4 October 2012. Retrieved 10 March 2020.
  42. Erlewine, Stephen Thomas. "Stage – David Bowie". AllMusic. Archived from the original on 5 August 2019. Retrieved 12 March 2020.
  43. Erlewine, Stephen Thomas. "Welcome to the Blackout (Live London '78) – David Bowie". AllMusic. Archived from the original on 17 November 2019. Retrieved 12 March 2020.
  44. Buckley 2005, p. 495.
  45. Collins, Sean T. (5 December 2018). "David Bowie: Glastonbury 2000 Album Review". Pitchfork. Archived from the original on 11 July 2019. Retrieved 14 March 2020.
  46. Erlewine, Stephen Thomas. "A Reality Tour – Davis Bowie". AllMusic. Archived from the original on 18 August 2017. Retrieved 11 August 2017.
  47. Erlewine, Stephen Thomas (24 May 2016). "David Bowie: Changesbowie Album Review". Pitchfork. Archived from the original on 10 September 2019. Retrieved 15 March 2020.
  48. Erlewine, Stephen Thomas. "Changesbowie – David Bowie". AllMusic. Archived from the original on 28 July 2019. Retrieved 15 March 2020.
  49. Erlewine, Stephen Thomas. "The Best of David Bowie 1969/1974 – David Bowie". AllMusic. Archived from the original on 8 May 2019. Retrieved 15 March 2020.
  50. Erlewine, Stephen Thomas. "Best of Bowie – David Bowie". AllMusic. Archived from the original on 1 April 2019. Retrieved 15 March 2020.
  51. Wolk, Douglas (20 November 2017). "David Bowie: Nothing Has Changed". Pitchfork. Archived from the original on 12 August 2017. Retrieved 11 August 2017.
  52. Erlewine, Stephen Thomas. "Legacy – David Bowie". AllMusic. Archived from the original on 29 March 2020. Retrieved 29 March 2020.
  53. "The Rise & Fall of Ziggy Stardust and the Spiders from Mars [Bonus Tracks] – David Bowie". AllMusic. Archived from the original on 2 October 2017. Retrieved 2 October 2017.
  54. The Rise and Fall of Ziggy Stardust and the Spiders from Mars (liner notes). David Bowie. US: Rykodisc. 1990. RCD 10134.CS1 maint: others (link)
  55. The Rise and Fall of Ziggy Stardust and the Spiders from Mars (liner notes). David Bowie. Europe: EMI. 2012. 5099946361417.CS1 maint: others (link)
  56. Five Years (1969–1973) (Box set liner notes). David Bowie. UK, Europe & US: Parlophone. 2015. DBXL 1.CS1 maint: others (link)
  57. Cann 2010, p. 252.
  58. O'Leary 2015, p. 269.
  59. "British single certifications – David Bowie – Ziggy Stardust". British Phonographic Industry. Retrieved 24 July 2020.
  60. "Bauhaus does Bowie: Looking back at their 1982 tribute to 'Ziggy Stardust'". Far Out Magazine. 21 July 2019. Archived from the original on 26 July 2019. Retrieved 29 March 2020.
  61. Roberts, Chris (23 October 2017). "The true story behind David Bowie's gothic horror movie The Hunger". Classic Rock Magazine. Archived from the original on 13 January 2020. Retrieved 13 January 2020.
  62. Pettigrew, Jason (23 January 2018). "Goth Inventors Bauhaus Recall the Night They Met David Bowie". AltPress. Archived from the original on 29 March 2020. Retrieved 29 March 2020.
  63. Thompson, Dave. ""Ziggy Stardust" – Bauhaus". AllMusic. Archived from the original on 29 March 2020. Retrieved 29 March 2020.
  64. Pegg 2016, p. 574.
  65. "In Pictures: Bauhaus do Bowie, "Ziggy Stardust" Video Shoot". Roundhouse. Archived from the original on 16 June 2017. Retrieved 29 March 2020.
  66. "Ziggy Stardust" (7" single liner notes). Bauhaus. UK: Beggars Banquet Records. 1982. BEG 83.CS1 maint: others (link)
  67. "Ziggy Stardust" (12" single liner notes). Bauhaus. UK: Beggars Banquet Records. 1982. BEG 83T.CS1 maint: others (link)
  68. Raggett, Ned. ""Third Uncle" – Bauhaus". AllMusic. Archived from the original on 29 March 2020. Retrieved 29 March 2020.
  69. Roberts, David, ed. (2006). British Hit Singles & Albums (19th ed.). London: HiT Entertainment. p. 45. ISBN 1-904994-10-5.
  70. Shirley 1994, p. 78.
  71. Shirley 1994, p. 79.
  72. Raggett, Ned. "Swing the Heartache: The BBC Sessions – Bauhaus". AllMusic. Retrieved 27 March 2020.
  73. "Bauhaus – Full Official Chart History". Official Charts Company. Retrieved 16 May 2020.
Sources
  • Buckley, David (2005) [1999]. Strange Fascination – David Bowie: The Definitive Story. London: Virgin. ISBN 978-0-75351-002-5.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Cann, Kevin (2010). Any Day Now – David Bowie: The London Years: 1947–1974. UK: Adelita. ISBN 978-0-95520-177-6.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Doggett, Peter (2012). The Man Who Sold the World: David Bowie and the 1970s. New York: HarperCollins Publishers. ISBN 978-0-06-202466-4.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • O'Leary, Chris (2015). Rebel Rebel: All the Songs of David Bowie from '64 to '76. Winchester: Zero Books. ISBN 978-1-78099-244-0.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Pegg, Nicholas (2016). The Complete David Bowie (7th ed.). London: Titan Books. ISBN 978-1-78565-365-0.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Schinder, Scott; Schwartz, Andy (2008). Icons of Rock. Greenwood Publishing Group. ISBN 0-313-33846-9. Archived from the original on 22 April 2016. Retrieved 5 November 2010.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Shirley, Ian (1994). Dark Entries: Bauhaus and Beyond. SAF. ISBN 0-946719-13-6.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Spitz, Marc (2009). Bowie: A Biography. New York: Crown Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-307-71699-6.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
  • Waldrep, Shelton (2004). The Aesthetics of Self-invention: Oscar Wilde to David Bowie. U of Minnesota Press. ISBN 0-8166-3418-1. Archived from the original on 22 April 2016. Retrieved 5 November 2010.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link)
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.