Yale (electoral district)

Yale
British Columbia electoral district
Defunct federal electoral district
Legislature	House of Commons
District created	1917
District abolished	1953
First contested	1917
Last contested	1949

Yale was a federal electoral district in British Columbia, Canada, that was represented in the House of Commons of Canada from 1872 to 1892 and from 1917 to 1953.

It first appeared when the original Yale District riding, which was created and filled by special byelection in 1871 at the time of BC's entry into the Canadian Confederation, was abolished and replaced by "Yale" riding. Yale riding spanned both Yale and Kootenay Land Districts, that is to say, the entirety of the southern province from the Fraser Canyon to the Rockies. It was last used in the 1891 election, and was merged in 1892 with the Cariboo riding to form Yale—Cariboo.

That arrangement lasted until 1914 when a further redistribution separated Yale and Cariboo once again. This second incarnation was considerably smaller than the first because Kootenay district was now in a different riding. In 1903, the riding of Kootenay was split off from what had been the original Yale riding.

The "new" Yale riding excluded the Town of Yale, and when it was reconstituted, coincided with the provincial Okanagan riding except for the city of Salmon Arm.

The new incarnation of Yale lasted until 1952, when the Yale name vanished from the Commons and the Okanagan ridings, Okanagan Boundary and Okanagan—Revelstoke were created. The old core area around the town of historic and once-important Yale, which has long since became depopulated by being bypassed by massive growth elsewhere, was attached to the Fraser Valley riding, then to its successor Fraser Valley East, and then to today's Chilliwack—Fraser Canyon. It was not in the second incarnation of the Yale riding when it was reconstituted in 1914.

Demographics

Population, 1871	Population, 1961
Population change, 1871–1966	%
Area (km²)
Population density in 1871 (people per km²)	0.0%

History and political geography

This riding was created as Yale District in 1871 as a result of British Columbia joining Confederation. In 1872, it was abolished and replaced by "Yale" for the 1872 federal election. This original version of the riding covered both Yale and Kootenay Land Districts, in other words the whole of the southern portion of the province from the Fraser Canyon to the Rocky Mountains. It existed in this form until 1892, when Yale was amalgamated with Cariboo to form Yale—Cariboo, also known as "Yale and Cariboo" when recognized by the Speaker. The first election had only 62 voters, the second 109, and most of these were in the area of the Fraser Canyon towns of Boston Bar, Hope, Yale. The rest were a scattered handful of ranches and mining camps in the Okanagan, Nicola and Similkameen regions.

Under the Representation Act of 1892, the constituencies of Yale and Cariboo were united to form Yale—Cariboo. In 1914, that riding was broken up and the Yale and Cariboo riding-names were restored, although the new constituencies were considerably smaller than before. The restored Yale riding included the Boundary Country around Grand Forks and Greenwood, but the Kootenay was now a separate riding and the town of Yale itself was not in the restored Yale riding, but in the new riding of Westminster District. The first election using the new boundaries was in 1917, although the seat was won by acclamation by the Hon. Martin Burrell, who had been the member for Yale—Cariboo.

It was reconstituted as Yale in 1914 and lasted until 1952. This version of the riding comprised the provincial electoral district of Okanagan, excepting the parts of the city and district municipality of Salmon Arm contained in the provincial riding, and the provincial electoral districts of Similkameen, Greenwood and Grand Forks. Yale therefore contained the entire Okanagan, Boundary and Similkameen country, and the Fraser Canyon immediately around the town of Yale itself. The main difference from the earlier version of the riding is the absence of the Kootenays.

A redistribution in 1933 rearranged the riding's boundaries, once again including the original core area around Yale and Hope, though the bulk of the riding's population remained in the orchard towns of the Okanagan.

The district was recreated in 1914 for use in the Canadian federal election of 1917. It was again abolished in 1952, being redistricted into Okanagan Boundary and Okanagan—Revelstoke.

Yale riding was abolished in 1952. Its successor ridings were Okanagan Boundary and Okanagan—Revelstoke. Areas of the original core area around Yale are now part of Chilliwack—Fraser Canyon, which extends up the Fraser River to Lillooet.

Members of Parliament

Parliament	Years		Party
Riding created from Yale District
2nd	1872–1874	Edgar Dewdney	Conservative
3rd	1874–1878
4th	1878–1879
4th	1879–1882	Francis Jones Barnard	Conservative
5th	1882–1887	Francis Jones Barnard	Conservative
6th	1887–1891	John Andrew Mara	Conservative
7th	1891–1896	John Andrew Mara	Conservative
Riding dissolved into Yale—Cariboo
Riding re-created from Yale—Cariboo
13th	1917–1920	Martin Burrell	Government (Unionist)
13th	1920–1921	John Armstrong MacKelvie	Conservative
14th	1921–1924†	John Armstrong MacKelvie	Conservative
14th	1924–1925	Grote Stirling	Conservative
15th	1925–1926
16th	1926–1930
17th	1930–1935
18th	1935–1940
19th	1940–1945
20th	1945–1947
20th	1948–1949	Owen Jones	Co-operative Commonwealth
21st	1949–1953	Owen Jones	Co-operative Commonwealth
Riding dissolved into Okanagan Boundary and Okanagan—Revelstoke

Election results

Yale, 1917–1953

1949 Canadian federal election
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Co-operative Commonwealth	Owen Lewis Jones	13,298	42.44	-2.94
	Progressive Conservative	Theodore Robert Bruce Adams	11,562	36.89	+8.78
	Liberal	Charles James McDowell	5,576	17.79	-8.72
	Social Credit	James Allan Reid	902	2.88	–
Total valid votes			31,338	100.0
	Co-operative Commonwealth hold		Swing		-5.86

Canadian federal by-election, 31 May 1948 On the resignation of Grote Stirling, 21 October 1947
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Co-operative Commonwealth	Owen Lewis Jones	12,838	45.38	+13.96
	Progressive Conservative	William Andrew Cecil Bennett	7,953	28.11	-11.10
	Liberal	Edward John Chambers	7,500	26.51	+7.34
Total valid votes			28,291	100.0
	Co-operative Commonwealth gain from Progressive Conservative		Swing		+12.53

1945 Canadian federal election
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Progressive Conservative	Grote Stirling	9,625	39.21	+1.55
	Co-operative Commonwealth	Owen Lewis Jones	7,713	31.42	-1.11
	Liberal	Arthur Wilfred Gray	4,705	19.17	-10.64
	Social Credit	James Allan Reid	1,685	6.86	–
	Labor–Progressive	Allan Conway Clapp	820	3.34	–
Total valid votes			24,548	100.0
	Progressive Conservative hold		Swing		+1.33

1940 Canadian federal election
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	National Government	Grote Stirling	8,599	37.66	-3.61
	Co-operative Commonwealth	Owen Lewis Jones	7,428	32.53	+4.87
	Liberal	Charles William Morrow	6,805	29.81	-1.26
Total valid votes			22,832	100.0
	National Government hold		Swing		-4.24

1935 Canadian federal election
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Grote Stirling	6,791	41.27	-21.98
	Liberal	Charles Edward Oliver	5,113	31.07	-5.68
	Co-operative Commonwealth	Edward Woodford MacKay	4,551	27.66	–
Total valid votes			16,455	100.0
	Conservative hold		Swing		-8.15

1930 Canadian federal election
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Grote Stirling	8,447	63.25	-3.30
	Liberal	Walter Gordon Wilkins	4,908	36.75	+3.30
Total valid votes			13,355	100.0
	Conservative hold		Swing		-3.30

1926 Canadian federal election
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Grote Stirling	7,815	66.55	+5.69
	Liberal	Fremont Blakeslee Cossitt	3,928	33.45	-5.69
Total valid votes			11,743	100.0
	Conservative hold		Swing		+5.69

1925 Canadian federal election
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Grote Stirling	7,573	60.86	+9.38
	Liberal	Charles Edgar Edgett	4,870	39.14	-9.38
Total valid votes			12,443	100.0
	Conservative hold		Swing		+9.38

Canadian federal by-election, 6 November 1924 On the death of John MacKelvie, 6 April 1924
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Grote Stirling	6,354	51.48	-0.70
	Liberal	Daniel Wilbur Sutherland	5,988	48.52	+0.70
Total valid votes			12,342	100.0
	Conservative hold		Swing		-0.70

1921 Canadian federal election
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	John Armstrong MacKelvie	6,475	52.18	+0.15
	Liberal	Daniel Wilbur Sutherland	5,933	47.82	–
Total valid votes			12,408	100.0
	Conservative hold		Swing		-23.84

Canadian federal by-election, 22 November 1920 On Martin Burrell being appointed joint Librarian of Parliament
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Conservative	John Armstrong MacKelvie	4,989	52.03
	United Farmers	Charles Edgar Edgett	4,600	47.97
Total valid votes			9,589	100.0

1917 Canadian federal election
Party		Candidate	Votes
	Government (Unionist)	Martin Burrell	acclaimed
This riding was created from parts of Yale—Cariboo, where Conservative Martin Burrell was the incumbent.

Yale, 1872–1892

1891 Canadian federal election
Party		Candidate	Votes
	Conservative	John Andrew Mara	acclaimed

1887 Canadian federal election
Party		Candidate	Votes
	Conservative	John Andrew Mara	acclaimed

1882 Canadian federal election
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	F.J. Barnard	266	58.72	-9.45
	Unknown	James Robinson	109	24.06	–
	Unknown	F.G. Vernon	78	17.22	–
Total valid votes			453	100.0
	Conservative hold		Swing		-16.76

Canadian federal by-election, 29 September 1879 On the appointment of Edgar Dewdney to the position of Indian Commissioner of Manitoba and the North West Territories, 30 May 1879
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Conservative	Francis Jones Barnard	212	68.17
	Unknown	John Trapp	99	31.83
Total valid votes			311	100.0

1878 Canadian federal election
Party		Candidate	Votes
	Conservative	Edgar Dewdney	acclaimed

1874 Canadian federal election
Party		Candidate	Votes	%	±%
	Conservative	Edgar Dewdney	89	81.65	+12.30
	Unknown	D. Chisholm	20	18.35	–
Total valid votes			109	100.0
	Conservative hold		Swing		-3.02

1872 Canadian federal election
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Conservative	Edgar Dewdney	43	69.35
	Unknown	Robert Smith	19	30.65
Total valid votes			62	100.0
This district was created from Yale District, which elected a Liberal in the previous election.

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External links

Riding history from the Library of Parliament

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