Worshipful Company of Curriers

The Worshipful Company of Curriers is one of the ancient livery companies of London, associated with the leather trade.

Curriers' Company
MottoSpes Nostra Deus
Locationc/o Tallow Chandlers' Hall, Dowgate Hill, London[1]
Date of formation1272
Company associationLeather, fashion and education charity
Order of precedence29th
Master of companyJeremy Kean
Websitecurriers.co.uk

The curriers, or "curers of leather", of London formed an organisation in 1272; this merchant guild was recognised in 1415 by Ordinances of the City Common Council before its grant of a Royal Charter by King James I in 1605. The company now exists, as do most other livery companies, as an education and charitable institution, the traditional process of currying having been made more or less obsolete by technological advances. The Curriers' Company, like other livery companies, supports the work of the Lord Mayor, the City Corporation and the Sheriffs of London.[2]

The company ranks 29th in the order of precedence of City livery companies. Its motto is Spes Nostra Deus, Latin for "Our Hope is God".

Most of the Curriers' Company archives are kept at the Guildhall Library for public view.[3][4]

History

The Curriers' Company dates from 1272 when the Art or Mystery of Curriers formed a trade association with the tanners. In the 14th century the Curriers constituted themselves into a guild linked with the religious fraternity of Carmelite Friars near Fleet Street. In 1415 the City Common Council granted them full autonomy over all currying and tanning trade in and within two miles of the City. Before 1580 the Guild of Curriers was recognised as a City livery company and became armigerous in 1583, although, not until 1605 did the Curriers' Company receive its Royal Charter of Incorporation from King James I.[5]

During the ensuing four centuries the company built no less than six Curriers' halls in London.[6] After the sale of its sixth and last hall in 1921 it moved in with its longstanding trade and livery partner, the Worshipful Company of Cordwainers, with which it maintains a close relationship. Along with many other livery halls, Cordwainers' Hall in Cannon Street was itself destroyed by enemy action in 1941 and since then the Curriers have been without their own hall. However, from 1942 onwards the company has been housed at Tallow Chandlers' Hall, where it holds its Court meetings. Historically several streets in the now London Borough of Camden's environs were named after the currying trade, eg. Curriers' Alley, Curriers' Lane, etc.[7]

Charitable activity

The Curriers' Company donates to charities which benefit the young, the elderly, the disabled and the socially disadvantaged. It primarily supports City of London charities and cultural organisations, general educational establishments and the training of young people in leathercraft.

The educational institutions which it regularly assists financially include: the London College of Fashion; Capel Manor College Enfield and Northampton University's Leather Conservation Centre;[8] these foster the conservation, creation and restoration of leather objects and materials.

In 2000 the Curriers' Millennium Healthcare Bursary was established.[9] This annual bursary endows research or personal study to improve the health care of underprivileged sectors of London's population or elsewhere. Though originally directed towards general practitioners, the scope of the bursary was widened in 2003, since when it has also attracted submissions from dentists, pharmacists, nurses, midwives, mental health workers and an ophthalmologist.

The Curriers' Company is affiliated to military units in HM Armed Forces: 101 (City of London) Engineer Regiment (Explosive Ordnance Disposal); No. 7 Squadron RAF; and, Cambridge URNU.[10][11]

The Curriers' Historical Essay Prize on the history of London[12] is competed for by young graduates of British universities annually,[13] and is presented by the Lord Mayor at The Mansion House. It has also created 16 annual prizes in mathematics and history for pupils aged 14 to 15 at the four London academies of the Oasis Trust.

Annually, each newly elected Master Currier has the option of designating a charity of choice: Master’s Charitable Appeal. The Master and Company make initial donations: liverymen, freemen and others are invited to follow suit. The company encourages any enterprise which supports its charitable giving.

The present Clerk to the Curriers' Company is Lt-Col Adrian Rafferty,[14] whose role combines that of executive officer as well as supporting the Master: James Allen (for 2015-16).[15] Its honorary chaplain is the Revd Ann McNeil.[16]

Notable liverymen

Former halls

(1) In 1485 the Curriers’ Company had its hall in the parish of St Mary Axe, by London Wall in Aldgate Ward.

(2) Circa 1583 the Curriers’ Hall was situated close to the site of the Boar's Head Inn, on a property which had been devised to the company in 1516. It stood in the parish of St Alphege, on the south side of the street leading along London Wall; Boar's Head Alley lay between Philip Lane and Little Wood Street. Curriers' Hall was one of the 44 (out of 52) livery halls destroyed in the Great Fire of London early in September 1666.

(3) Curriers' Hall in 1670 was perhaps the most attractive of the company’s five halls on the Boar's Head site.

(4) In 1820 a new and smaller hall was rebuilt to the east of the old one.

(5) The Curriers' Hall begun in 1873 and completed in the following year extravagantly was demolished in 1875 before it could even be furnished.

(6) Between 1874 and 1876 a new Curriers' Hall was built in the French Gothic style.[17] It abutted on London Wall. It was sold in 1921 and destroyed by enemy action on 29 December 1940.

Arms

The arms of the company are blazoned:-

Arms: Azure a Cross engrailed Or between four pairs of Shaves in saltire Argent handled Or.

Crest: On a wreath Or and Azure out of the Clouds Proper two Arms embowed in carnation the shirt sleeves folded beneath the elbows Argent in the hands a Shave Argent handled Or.

Supporters: Dexter, an Elk Proper attired and unguled Or; Sinister, a Goat Argent flashed Sable.

These armorial bearings were granted to the Curriers’ Company on 8 August 1583.

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See also

References
  1. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 15 January 2013. Retrieved 5 December 2012.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  2. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 24 March 2012. Retrieved 6 October 2011.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  3. "Source Material", Edward Mayer and Donald Adamson; The Curriers’ Company: A Modern History, 2000, pp. 505–511
  4. "Guildhall Library Manuscripts Section - Livery Company Membership Guide: Curriers' Company". History.ac.uk. Retrieved 11 November 2017.
  5. "Chartered bodies - Privy Council". privycouncil.independent.gov.uk. Retrieved 11 November 2017.
  6. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 12 January 2013. Retrieved 14 October 2012.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  7. "Curriers' Alley - Cutler Street - British History Online". British-history.ac.uk. Retrieved 11 November 2017.
  8. "Photograph: The Curriers' Arms, Northampton (late 19th century)". Flickr.com. Retrieved 11 November 2017.
  9. "UCL Medical School". Ucl.ac.uk. Archived from the original on 31 January 2017. Retrieved 11 November 2017.
  10. McDermott, Hayley. "Home - Cambridge University Royal Naval Unit". Srcf.ucam.org. Retrieved 11 November 2017.
  11. "HMS Trumpeter (P294) - Royal Navy". Royalnavy.mod.uk. Retrieved 11 November 2017.
  12. "King's College London - PhD student wins Curriers' Company London History Essay Prize". Kcl.ac.uk. Retrieved 11 November 2017.
  13. "The Curriers' Company London History Essay Prize - Institute of Historical Research". History.ac.uk. Retrieved 11 November 2017.
  14. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 8 July 2015. Retrieved 7 September 2015.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  15. "Curriers' newsletter online" (PDF). Curriers.co.uk. Archived from the original (PDF) on 22 December 2015. Retrieved 11 November 2017.
  16. "Ken Peters - Diocese of London". London.anglican.org. Retrieved 11 November 2017.
  17. "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 20 April 2012. Retrieved 28 June 2012.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)

Further reading
  • Caroline M. Barron, "The Parish Fraternities of Medieval London", in C.M. Barron and C. Harper-Bill (ed.), The Church in Pre-Reformation Society, 1985, pp. 13–37.
  • Caroline M. Barron, London in the Later Middle Ages: Government and People, 1200–1500, 2005.
  • John Bromley and Heather Child, The Armorial Bearings of the Guilds of London, 1960.
  • D.A. Farnie, John Rylands of Manchester, 1993.
  • Ian Gibson, The Erotomaniac: The Secret Life of Henry Spencer Ashbee, 2001.
  • Edward Mayer, The Curriers and the City of London. A History of the Worshipful Company of Curriers, 1968.
  • Edward Mayer and Donald Adamson, The Curriers’ Company: A Modern History, 2000.
  • Richard Pantall, George Jarvis (1704–1793) and his Notorious Charity, 1993.
  • John Strype, A Survey of the Cities of London and Westminster by John Stow, 1720.
  • Laura Wright, "The London Middle English Guild Certificates of 1388–9", Nottingham Medieval Studies, 1995, pp. 108–145.

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