WBAL-TV

WBAL-TV, virtual channel 11 (VHF digital channel 12), is an NBC-affiliated television station licensed to Baltimore, Maryland, United States. It is the flagship station of the Hearst Television subsidiary of New York City-based Hearst Communications (founded by newspaper chain titan William Randolph Hearst), and is co-owned with the company's sole radio properties, WBAL (1090 AM) and WIYY (97.9 FM). The three stations share studios and offices on "Television Hill" in the Woodberry section of Baltimore, west of the Jones Falls stream valley, near the landmark "candleabra" transmission tower that WBAL-TV also shares with WIYY and several other Baltimore TV and radio broadcast outlets.

This article is about the television station. For the co-owned radio station with the same call sign, see WBAL (AM).
WBAL-TV
Baltimore, Maryland
United States
ChannelsDigital: 12 (VHF)
Virtual: 11 (PSIP)
BrandingWBAL-TV 11 (general)
WBAL-TV 11 News, 11 News (newscasts)
SloganLive. Local. Latebreaking.
Programming
Affiliations11.1: NBC (1948–1981, 1995–present)
11.2: MeTV
Ownership
OwnerHearst Television
(WBAL Hearst Television Inc.)
History
FoundedMay 1946 [1]
First air dateMarch 11, 1948 (1948-03-11)
Former channel number(s)Analog:
11 (VHF, 1948–2009)
Digital:
59 (UHF, 1998–2009)
11 (VHF, 2009–2020)
Former affiliationsAnalog/DT1:
CBS (1981–1995)
DT2:
NBC WX+ (2005–2009)
"WBAL Plus" (2011–2012)
Call sign meaningBALtimore
Technical information
Licensing authorityFCC
Facility ID65696
ERP30 kW
HAAT305 m (1,001 ft)
Transmitter coordinates39°20′5″N 76°39′2″W
Links
Public license informationProfile
LMS
Websitewww.wbaltv.com

On cable, WBAL-TV is carried on Comcast Xfinity channels 21 (standard definition) and 811 (high definition). On Verizon FiOS, DirecTV and Dish Network and in most outlying areas of the market, the station is carried on channel 11.

History

WBAL-TV began operations on Channel 11 on March 11, 1948, from its original studios on North Charles Street in Downtown Baltimore.[2][3] It was the second station in Baltimore, signing on five months after WMAR-TV on Channel 2 in October 1947, and eight months ahead of WAAM-TV (now WJZ-TV) on Channel 13 later that year. The station's parent, the Hearst Corporation (founded by newspaper chain syndicate titan William Randolph Hearst, 1863-1951 of San Francisco and New York City) also owned WBAL radio and two local newspapers, the largest circulation in town, the afternoon daily "Baltimore News-Post" (and "The Baltimore American" on Sundays - which later merged as the News American in 1965 before shutting down in 1986, as one of the city's later then three daily papers).

WBAL-TV is one of two Hearst-owned broadcast properties to have been built and signed on by the company (the other being WTAE-TV in Pittsburgh), and the oldest to be continuously owned by Hearst through its various television subsidiaries through the years. At its launch, WBAL-TV was an NBC affiliate, owing to its radio sister's long affiliation with the NBC Red Network.

Early programming on channel 11 included Musical Almanac, Look and Cook and Know Baltimore, along with news and sports productions. In the 1950s, the station introduced Romper Room, a children's program produced locally by Bert and Nancy Claster that eventually became a nationally franchised and syndicated program. Another long-running show of the 1950s was the weekday Quiz Club, co-hosted by local personalities Brent Gunts and Jay Grayson.[4] Baltimore Sun local history columnist Jacques Kelly described it at the time of Grayson's death in June 2000, as "pure 1950s live television ... executed on a low budget ... the genial hosts ... ruled the 1 p.m. airwaves".[4]

WBAL-TV produced several local bowling shows in the 1960s and early 1970s, including Strikes and Spares, Pinbusters, Duckpins and Dollars, Bowling for Dollars and Spare Time. The station even went as far as building and installing several "duckpin" bowling alleys at its studios. It also launched several children's entertainment shows during this period, such as Rhea and Sunshine, Pete the Pirate, P.W. Doodle, Heads Up, and the teen-oriented rock and roll music and the mid 1960s teen dancing on the Kerby Scott Show which introduced its "mod" fashions and "hippie" culture style of rock music to the area.

WBAL-TV has boasted many television firsts, including becoming the first Baltimore television station to broadcast in color, the first station in Maryland (and the eighth in the world) to acquire a videocassette machine (of the U-Matic format); the first station in Baltimore to acquire a mobile satellite news-gathering system (dubbed "NEWSTAR 11") and the first Baltimore station to hire an African-American news anchor and a Black news director.[5]

In the late 1970s, ABC steadily rose in the ratings to become the number one network in primetime. Accordingly, the network began to seek upgrades to its slate of affiliates, which included some stations that either had poor signals or poorly performing local programming. WBAL-TV had been invited to switch to ABC in 1977, but opted to remain with NBC out of concerns about the poor ratings for ABC's then-recently revamped evening newscasts.[6][7]

The WBAL-TV modernistic glass walled studio and offices facility with huge call sign letters on the roof, visible from passing on the Jones Falls Expressway (Interstate 83), on "Television Hill" near Woodberry in north-central Baltimore, opened in 1962.

On March 3, 1981, CBS announced that it would be ending its 33-year affiliation with WMAR-TV (channel 2), then owned by the A. S. Abell Company (then-publishers of the Baltimore Sun), and moving its programming to WBAL-TV. Among its reasons for making the switch, CBS cited channel 11's strength in local news ratings and overall non-network programming as opposed to WMAR-TV, which heavily preempted the network in favor of syndicated programs, local public affairs and sports coverage; CBS also cited low ratings for WMAR's newscasts.[8][9] WBAL-TV's first stint as an NBC affiliate ended on August 30, 1981, when the two station exchanged networks–the first affiliation swap to occur in Baltimore. The last NBC program to air on channel 11 until 1995 was a rerun from the evening before the switch of the first episode of Saturday Night Live, with host George Carlin.[10][11]

On June 16, 1994, the E. W. Scripps Company, present owners of WMAR-TV, negotiated with ABC to affiliate with its Baltimore station as part of a multi-station deal.[12] ABC agreed to the deal as a condition of retaining its affiliations with WXYZ-TV in Detroit and WEWS-TV in Cleveland; CBS was seeking to affiliate with both of those stations, as it was about to lose its affiliates in Detroit and Cleveland to Fox in a separate affiliation deal with New World Communications.[13] One month later, CBS and Westinghouse Broadcasting formed a partnership which renewed the network's affiliations with Westinghouse-owned stations in Pittsburgh and San Francisco and caused WJZ-TV (channel 13, Baltimore's longtime ABC affiliate) and two other Westinghouse-owned NBC affiliates to switch their affiliations to CBS (Westinghouse would eventually acquire CBS in November 1995).[14] Largely by default, channel 11 rejoined NBC on January 2, 1995.[15] The final CBS program to air on channel 11 before it rejoined NBC was the made-for-TV movie A Father for Charlie at 9:00 p.m. Eastern Time; this was directly followed by an hour-long program explaining the switch, which preempted an airing of the Chicago Hope episode "Heartbreak" (which could still be viewed in much of the market via WUSA).[16]

Digital television

Digital channels

The station's digital signal is multiplexed:

Channel Video Aspect PSIP Short Name Programming[17]
11.11080i16:9WBAL-DTMain WBAL-TV programming / NBC
11.2480iMeTVMeTV

WBAL-TV carries a digital subchannel on 11.2,[18] which launched in August 2005 as "11 Insta-Weather Plus", an affiliate of NBC Weather Plus until the network dissolved in November 2008; after that, the subchannel carried automated local and regional weather information provided by NBC Plus until April 2009, when an alternate programming format was adopted featuring local weather information, newscasts and other special programming. On March 5, 2012, WBAL launched a 10 p.m. newscast on the subchannel (which was renamed "WBAL Plus" the previous year).[19]

On July 24, 2012, Hearst Television renewed its affiliation agreement with MeTV through 2015, to maintain existing affiliations with eight Hearst-owned stations that were already carrying the digital multicast network. As part of the renewal, Hearst also signed agreements to add the network as digital subchannels of WBAL-TV and four other Hearst stations in Sacramento, Boston, Oklahoma City and Greensboro.[20] MeTV was added to subchannel 11.2 on September 10, 2012.[21]

Analog-to-digital conversion

WBAL-TV shut down its analog signal, over VHF channel 11, on June 12, 2009, the official date in which full-power television stations in the United States transitioned from analog to digital broadcasts under federal mandate. The station's digital signal relocated from its pre-transition UHF channel 59, which was among the high band UHF channels (52-69) that were removed from broadcasting use as a result of the transition, to its analog-era assignment of VHF channel 11.[22][23][24] Several VHF digital stations received permission for a power increase later that month after stations experienced signal problems as a result of changing their digital channel from UHF to VHF. WBAL-TV chose to test its equipment before making a commitment.[25]

As a part of the repacking process following the 2016-2017 FCC incentive auction, WBAL-TV relocated to VHF channel 12 on July 2, 2020, using PSIP to display its virtual channel number as 11.[26] WJZ-TV concurrently moved to channel 11, WBAL-TV's former digital channel before the repacking.

Programming

Outside of the NBC network schedule, syndicated programs seen on WBAL-TV include The Ellen DeGeneres Show, The Dr. Oz Show, Inside Edition, Live with Kelly and Ryan and Access Hollywood (which is distributed by NBC's sister company NBCUniversal Television Distribution), among others. WBAL-TV is one of the few NBC affiliates that does not air the fourth hour of Today (which can be seen in the area via NBC O&O WRC-TV in Washington).

As a CBS affiliate, channel 11 preempted an hour of the network's daytime schedule everyday, as well as half of its Saturday morning cartoon lineup. Channel 11 also did not run CBS' late night programming. Baltimore viewers who wanted to see the entire CBS lineup could be able to view those programs through WDVM-TV/WUSA in Washington, which was available over-the-air in most of the adjacent Baltimore area and preempted little network programming.

Sports programming

In 1970, when the then-Baltimore Colts moved to the newly-formed and realigned American Football Conference as part of the AFL–NFL merger of professional football of 1970, WBAL-TV displaced WMAR-TV (which had aired most of the team's games since 1956) as the station of record for the team (as NBC was the rightsholder for all AFC games). During its first season as such, the station provided coverage of the Colts' victory in Super Bowl V in 1971. This partnership continued until 1981, when WMAR-TV became the team's unofficial home station again for their last three seasons in Baltimore (although the station continued to air Colts games in those three seasons, they were limited to home interconference contests). When the reorganized Baltimore Ravens began play in 1996 after moving the old Cleveland Browns franchise to Maryland, WBAL-TV became the new team's station of record, but only for two seasons; in 1998, most games were moved to WJZ-TV. Presently, WBAL-TV airs any Ravens games when they play on NBC's Sunday Night Football.

The station aired any Baltimore Orioles baseball games as part of NBC's broadcast contract with Major League Baseball from the establishment of the new Orioles franchise in 1954 (move of the old St. Louis Browns to the city) until 1981; it also aired all of the Orioles' postseason games through NBC's limited contract from 1995 to 2000. During its time as a CBS station, WBAL-TV also broadcast select games involving the Orioles through CBS's MLB broadcast contract from 1990 to 1993.

News operation
WBAL-TV, Channel 11 longtime reporters Deborah Weiner and Jayne Miller prepare for a live shot outside old St. Paul's Church (Episcopal) at North Charles and East Saratoga Streets during the funeral there of former Baltimore City Mayor, Maryland Governor, and Comptroller William Donald Schaefer, April 27, 2011

WBAL-TV presently broadcasts 35 hours of locally produced newscasts each week (with five hours each weekday, 4½ hours on Saturdays and 5½ hours on Sundays); the station also produces a weekly public affairs program on Sunday mornings called 11 TV Hill.

Appropriately for a station with roots in a newspaper, channel 11 has a rich news tradition. WBAL's newscasts have spent the better part of its history in either first or second place in the ratings. It led the ratings from the 1960s until WJZ-TV passed it in the early 1970s. However, for the better part of the last 40 years, WBAL-TV had waged a spirited battle for first place in the ratings with WJZ-TV. In recent years, WBAL-TV's newscasts placed first at 5, 6 and 11 p.m. However, in the November 2009 Nielsen ratings sweeps period—the first since the debut of The Jay Leno Show—WBAL's 11 p.m. newscast fell precipitously from first to a distant second behind WJZ (by contrast, the 11 p.m. newscast on WRC-TV in nearby Washington, D.C. was one of the least affected late-night newscasts of any NBC affiliate or owned-and-operated station in the country; it continued to dominate its competitors). WBAL still continued to lead at 5 and 6 p.m. until the November 2011 sweeps period. Since NBC took Leno off of primetime in February 2010—in part due to complaints from WBAL and other affiliates about effects on its newscasts—viewership of channel 11's late newscast has often come close to the WJZ newscast. However, since the November 2011 sweeps period, WJZ's newscasts took the lead in nearly all time slots but WBAL is still a strong second.

In 1974, WBAL introduced the Action News format to Baltimore. Characterized by short, usually 90 second, news "packages" and upbeat introductory news themes, Baltimore's Action News briefly replaced WJZ as the number one news station in Baltimore during the mid-1970s. The architect of the success was news director Ron Kershaw, who had come to Baltimore from Texas and was considered somewhat ahead of his time.[27] He brought in talented anchors like Sue Simmons and Spencer Christian but also replaced long-time local news anchor Rolf Hertsgaard with controversial out-of-towner Don Harrison and streamlined the news operation. Kershaw later brought other innovations to WNBC-TV in New York City and WBBM-TV in Chicago as news director at those stations.

WBAL-TV lent then-meteorologist Sandra Shaw to Hearst sister station WDSU-TV in New Orleans on September 1, 2008, to assist with the Louisiana station's coverage of Hurricane Gustav.

On January 3, 2009, WBAL-TV became the second station in Baltimore (behind WBFF-TV) to begin broadcasting its local news programming in high definition. Only the in-studio cameras and footage from the station's helicopter were in HD at the time of the switch. For over a year, most field reports were still in pillarboxed 4:3 standard definition. Most field reports are switched from 16:9 widescreen enhanced definition to 16:9 high definition in March 2012. On March 5, 2012, WBAL debuted a half-hour 10 p.m. newscast on its WBAL Plus digital subchannel, which competes against an hour-long newscast on WBFF.[19]

On January 12, 2015, WBAL-TV expanded their morning newscast 11 News Today to 4:30 a.m.[28]

News Anchor Rod Daniels retired from WBAL-TV in 2015 after more than 30 years with the station.[29]

Awards and achievements
Former WBAL-TV reporter Rob Roblin, April 27, 2011.

In addition, WBAL-TV became the first Baltimore television station to win a Peabody Award for local news coverage, specifically of their Chesapeake Bay pollution investigation (and the first Baltimore television station to win the award in any category in more than fifty years).[30] WBAL's news department was also awarded as one of the top three Best Television Newscasts by the National Headliners Association, alongside WFAA-TV in Dallas, and WBAL's Boston sister station WCVB-TV. The station has also won regional Edward R. Murrow Awards, the George Polk Award and the American Bar Association Gavel Award for excellence in reporting and journalism; it has also been rated the most outstanding television news operation in Baltimore (by the Associated Press and United Press International).

On-air staff

Current on-air staff

Notable former on-air staff

Out-of-market coverage

Outside of the Baltimore market, WBAL-TV can be seen on Maryland's Eastern Shore from Dorchester County to Worcester County, and Sussex County, Delaware. Both Comcast and Mediacom systems in the Salisbury, Maryland/Dover, Delaware market carry WBAL-TV along with that market's NBC affiliate, WRDE-LD (Comcast's system in Sussex County, Delaware carries both WRDE-LD and WBAL-TV, as well as NBC's Philadelphia owned-and-operated station WCAU).

WBAL-TV is also viewed in many parts of southern Pennsylvania such as Gettysburg in Adams County, and Hanover and York as well as the majority of York County due to its proximity to Baltimore. In Lancaster County, WBAL is only available in Marietta, Columbia, and Elizabethtown mainly because of competition and prevalence of Philadelphia and local television stations in the area that are more well-known such as WGAL and WCAU.

In Virginia's Shenandoah Valley, WBAL-TV can be seen in Frederick, Clarke and Warren counties along with the independent city of Winchester.

The station also live streams its newscasts on the internet several times a day.

gollark: Wrong! The potatOS privacy policy forbids any dibs to be transferred to me at my discretion.
gollark: The sun is mine because I called dibs first.
gollark: Eliminate air conditioning costs by turning the sun down 0.3%.
gollark: I like it!
gollark: You're not going to pay attention to random silicon valley company #1249017498 which *isn't* annoying or big enough that you regularly interact with it.

See also

References
  1. "Television stations granted to three" (PDF). Broadcasting - Telecasting. May 27, 1946. p. 90.
  2. "WBAL-TV 11: Decades of Firsts in Broadcasting Excellence". WBAL-TV 11. 5 March 2018.
  3. "WBAL-TV; NBC Baltimore outlet begins operations" (PDF). Broadcasting - Telecasting. March 15, 1948. p. 97.
  4. Kelly, Jacques (June 24, 2000). "'Quiz Club' had an impact". The Baltimore Sun. p. 2E.
  5. "Station History". WBAL-TV. Archived from the original on 2007-03-13. Retrieved 2009-10-09.
  6. "In brief" (PDF). Broadcasting. March 21, 1977. p. 30.
  7. "In brief" (PDF). Broadcasting. March 28, 1977. p. 34.
  8. Carter, Bill. "CBS switching affiliation here from WMAR to WBAL." The Baltimore Sun, March 4, 1981, pp. 1, 6. Accessed April 15, 2019.
  9. "CBS switches affiliation to WBAL-TV in Baltimore" (PDF). Broadcasting. March 9, 1981. p. 152.
  10. "Today's Television". Baltimore Sun. August 29, 1981. p. B2.
  11. "Television Programs". The Evening Sun. August 29, 1981. p. 4.
  12. Zurawik, David (June 17, 1994). "ABC-TV to Switch from WJZ to WMAR". The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved September 4, 2018.
  13. Foisie, Geoffrey (June 20, 1994). "ABC pre-empts CBS in Cleveland, Detroit" (PDF). Broadcasting and Cable. Retrieved March 18, 2013.
  14. Zurawik, David (August 5, 1994). "Delaying Switches Until January Annoys WMAR, WBAL". The Baltimore Sun. Retrieved September 4, 2018.
  15. Zurawik, David (1 January 1995). "Get ready, get set, get confused, in TV's big switch in Baltimore Changing Channels". Baltimore Sun. Retrieved 29 June 2012.
  16. "Sunday Prime Time". Baltimore Sun Statewide TV. January 1, 1995. p. 8.
  17. RabbitEars TV Query for WBAL
  18. "Ravens Draft Special Airs Saturday On WBAL-TV". April 23, 2009. Archived from the original on September 30, 2011. Retrieved 2009-10-09.
  19. WBAL-TV to launch 10 p.m. newscast with Kate Amara March 5, The Baltimore Sun, February 8, 2012.
  20. Me-TV Adds Five More Hearst Stations, TVNewsCheck, July 24, 2012.
  21. "MeTV Comes to Maryland on WBAL-TV". WBAL-TV 11. 4 September 2015.
  22. "DTV Tentative Channel Designations for the First and the Second Rounds" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2013-08-29. Retrieved 2012-03-24.
  23. CDBS Print
  24. "DTV Transition Plan". FCC. Retrieved 2009-10-09.
  25. Eggerton, John (2009-06-29). "Boise station gets power boost". Broadcasting & Cable. Retrieved 2009-07-01.
  26. http://www.nab.org/repacking/clearinghouse.asp
  27. Dunne, John Gregory (2006). Regards: The Selected Nonfiction of John Gregory Dunne. Thunder's Mouth Press. p. 80. ISBN 978-1-56025-816-2. ron kershaw news director.
  28. "Archived copy" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 2015-01-22. Retrieved 2015-01-22.CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  29. Zurawik, David (May 8, 2015). "WBAL anchorman Rod Daniels to retire after more than 30 years". Baltim. Sun. Retrieved May 10, 2015 – via baltimoresun.com.
  30. 64th Annual Peabody Awards, May 2005.
  31. "House of Delegates - Curtis...Anderson". Maryland.gov. 28 August 2018.
  32. "Ron Smith 1941–2011". WBAL/Hearst Television. December 20, 2011. Retrieved December 20, 2011.
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