United States Hockey League

The United States Hockey League (USHL) is the top junior ice hockey league sanctioned by USA Hockey. The league consists of 16 teams located in the Midwestern United States, for players between the ages of 16 and 21. The USHL is strictly amateur, allowing former players to compete in NCAA college hockey.

United States Hockey League
Most recent season or competition:
2019–20 USHL season
SportIce hockey
Founded1947
CommissionerTom Garrity[1]
No. of teams16
CountryUnited States
Most recent
champion(s)		Sioux Falls Stampede
Most titles(Clark Cup era) Omaha Lancers (7)
(overall) Waterloo Black Hawks (9)
Official websitewww.ushl.com

The 2019 Clark Cup Championship was won by the Sioux Falls Stampede, their third league championship. The Clark Cup will not be awarded in 2020. The Chicago Steel won the Anderson Cup as the pandemic-shortened 2019–20 regular season champions, their first in franchise history.

Operations

The USHL is the country's top sanctioned junior hockey league, classified as Tier I. Like comparable entities such as the Canadian Hockey League (CHL)'s three member leagues, the USHL offers a schedule of high-level, competitive games for top players aged 16 to 20. Unlike the CHL, it does not pay a stipend to its players, who thus retain amateur status and are eligible to play in the NCAA.[2]

Teams are subject to strict roster rules. In 2017–18 they may have no more than four overage skaters (players who have turned 20 in the first year of the season) and are limited to a maximum of five import players, three international players and two Canadian skaters. Starting in 2018–19, non-American goaltenders will count as two import players in a move designed to give more development time to American goalies, who are also exempt from the overage rule.

USHL teams, which are typically located in mid-sized cities (see map of team locations), pay for all uniforms and equipment. Players live with local families, who receive a small stipend for food expenses, and either continue school or work part-time jobs. Due to their schedules, more than 90% of games are on weekends, which many NHL and college scouts attend.[2] Average attendance at regular season games for the 2014–15 season was 2,715 with 1,384,820 fans attending games during the season.[3]

In 2006, Trevor Lewis, the 17th pick in the NHL Entry Draft, was the first USHL player to sign an NHL contract immediately after playing in the league.[2].

At the conclusion of the 2014–15 regular season, the USHL has tallied 251 Alumni that have played in the NHL and has 347 current players with NCAA College Commitments.[4] According to the league, approximately 95 percent of its players will eventually land a Division I college scholarship.[5]

On March 18, 2020, the USHL cancelled the rest of 2019–20 season and playoffs as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic.[6][7]

Draft

The USHL Draft is an annual event conducted in two "phases" during the second week of May.[8] The first phase is an eight-round draft of U-17 players for the upcoming season. The second phase of the draft is open to all players eligible to play junior hockey who are not already protected by a USHL team. The number of players drafted varies, as each team will draft until they have filled the 45 spots available on their roster. Undrafted players are open to try out for any team as a try-out player. Each team must reduce their roster to 23 players for the start of the season, but may carry 18 additional players on an affiliate list.[9]

Teams
Current USHL team locations (Eastern Conference teams in red; Western Conference teams in blue)

Current teams
Eastern Conference
Team Founded Arena Capacity City
Cedar Rapids RoughRiders1999ImOn Ice Arena4,000Cedar Rapids, Iowa
Chicago Steel2000Fox Valley Ice Arena2,800Geneva, Illinois
Dubuque Fighting Saints2010Mystique Ice Center3,079Dubuque, Iowa
Green Bay Gamblers1994Resch Center8,709Green Bay, Wisconsin
Madison Capitols2014Bob Suter's Capitol Ice Arena2,611Middleton, Wisconsin[10]
Muskegon Lumberjacks2010Mercy Health Arena5,100Muskegon, Michigan
USA Hockey National Team Development Program1996USA Hockey Arena3,504Plymouth, Michigan
Youngstown Phantoms2003Covelli Centre5,717Youngstown, Ohio
Western Conference
Team Founded Arena Capacity City
Des Moines Buccaneers1980Buccaneer Arena3,408Urbandale, Iowa
Fargo Force2008Scheels Arena4,000Fargo, North Dakota
Lincoln Stars1996Ice Box5,010Lincoln, Nebraska
Omaha Lancers1986Ralston Arena4,000Ralston, Nebraska
Sioux City Musketeers1972Fleet Farm Arena9,500Sioux City, Iowa
Sioux Falls Stampede1999Denny Sanford PREMIER Center10,678Sioux Falls, South Dakota
Tri-City Storm2000Viaero Event Center4,047Kearney, Nebraska
Waterloo Black Hawks1962Young Arena3,500Waterloo, Iowa

Defunct professional teams
TeamCityYears
Anoka NordiquesAnoka, Minnesota1978–1979
Austin MavericksAustin, Minnesota1977–1979
Bloomington Junior StarsBloomington, Minnesota1977–1979
Calumet-Houghton ChiefsCalumet Township, Michigan1972–1973
Central Wisconsin FlyersStevens Point, Wisconsin1974–1976
Chicago WarriorsChicago, Illinois1972–75
Copper-Country ChiefsCalumet, Michigan1974–1976
Copper-Country IslandersCalumet, Michigan1973–1974
Des Moines Oak LeafsUrbandale, Iowa1968–1969
Duluth Port StarsDuluth, Minnesota1968 (Duluth dropped out of league on December 30, 1968)[11]
Fox Valley AstrosDundee, Illinois[12]1965–66
Grand Rapids BladesGrand Rapids, Michigan1976–1977
Grand Rapids BruinsGrand Rapids, Minnesota1968–1969
Green Bay BobcatsGreen Bay, Wisconsin1961–1979
Madison BluesMadison, Wisconsin1973–1974 (transferred to CHL)
Marquette Iron RangersMarquette, Michigan1964–1976
Milwaukee AdmiralsMilwaukee, Wisconsin1973–1977 (transferred to IHL)
Milwaukee MetrosMilwaukee, Wisconsin1961–1962 (Milwaukee folded Jan 16, 1962, due to financial trouble)[13]
Minneapolis RebelsMinneapolis, Minnesota1961–1962
Minnesota NationalsSaint Paul, Minnesota1967–1968 (U.S. 1968 Olympic team[14])
Rochester MustangsRochester, Minnesota1961–1970
Sault Ste. Marie CanadiansSault Ste. Marie, Ontario1968–1972
Sault Ste. Marie GreyhoundsSault Ste. Marie, Ontario1972–73
Sioux City MusketeersSioux City, Iowa1972–1979
St. Paul SteersSaint Paul, Minnesota1962–1966
Thunder Bay TwinsThunder Bay, Ontario1970–1975 (transferred to OHA)
Traverse City BaysTraverse City, Michigan1975–1977
U.S. NationalsSaint Paul, Minnesota1966–1967
Waterloo Black HawksWaterloo, Iowa1962–1969, 1970–1979

Junior league timeline
Madison CapitolsCentral Illinois Flying AcesDubuque Fighting SaintsMuskegon LumberjacksYoungstown PhantomsFargo ForceOhio Junior Blue JacketsIndiana IceDanville WingsSt. Louis Heartland EaglesSt. Louis Heartland EaglesSioux Falls StampedeUSA Hockey National Team Development ProgramLincoln StarsChicago SteelChicago SteelFargo-Moorhead BearsGreen Bay GamblersOmaha LancersMadison CapitolsThunder Bay FlyersCedar Rapids RoughRidersNorth Iowa HuskiesDes Moines BuccaneersDubuque Fighting Saints (1980–2001)Dubuque Fighting Saints (1980–2001)Waterloo Black HawksTri-City StormSt. Paul VulcansSioux City MusketeersWaterloo Black HawksRochester Mustangs (junior)Austin Mavericks

History

Precursors to this league were:

  • American Amateur Hockey League (1947–52)
  • Central Hockey League (1952–53)
  • Minnesota Hockey League (1953–55)
  • United States Central Hockey League (1955–61)

American Amateur Hockey League

The United States Hockey League was established as the American Amateur Hockey League in 1947 and began play for the 1947–48 season. When the league began operations it had five teams in and around the Twin Cities arena along with a team in Rochester. The league was made up three clubs from St. Paul which were 7-Up, Koppy's and Tally's, and two from Minneapolis, Jersey's and Bermans, along with a team from Rochester called the Rochester Mustangs. After the 1947–48 season the St. Paul Tally's dropped out of the league and left the five remaining members to make up the league for the 1948–49 and 1949–50 seasons. For the 1950–51 season the St. Paul 7-Up and St. Paul Koppy's merged and became St. Paul 7-Up/Koppy's. The Minneapolis Bermans dropped out of the league and new team called the Twin City Fords were added to give the American Amateur Hockey League four teams for 1950–51 season. The Rochester Mustangs were the only club to return for the fifth and final season of the American Amateur Hockey League in 1951–52. Gone were the St. Paul 7-Up/Koppy's, Twin City Fords and the Minneapolis Jerseys, replaced by the St. Paul Saints, Hibbing Flyers, Minneapolis Millers, Eveleth Rangers and the first club based outside of the state of Minnesota, the Sioux City Iowa Sunhawks, which gave the league six clubs for 1951–52, its final season as the American Amateur Hockey League.

Central Hockey League

The American Amateur Hockey League was renamed the Central Hockey League for the 1952–53 season. Only five of the clubs who had made up the American Amateur Hockey League for 1951–52 season returned. Those clubs were the Rochester Mustangs, St. Paul Saints, Minneapolis Millers, Hibbing Flyers and the now called Eveleth-Virginia Rangers. Gone were the Sioux City Sunhawks.

Minnesota Hockey League

After a year as the Central Hockey League the league was renamed the Minnesota Hockey League and would be called this for the 1953–54 and 1954–55 seasons. Only two teams who had made up the Central Hockey League returned to make up the Minnesota Hockey League for the 1953–54 season. Those teams were the Rochester Mustangs and the Hibbing Flyers. Gone were the St. Paul Saints, Minneapolis Millers and the Eveleth-Virginia Rangers. The Grand Forks Red Wings were added and this gave the league three teams for 1953–54 season. The Rochester Mustangs were the only team to return for the second and final season of the Minnesota Hockey League. Gone were Hibbing and Grand Forks. The league added two teams in Minneapolis called the Culbersons and Bungalows and a new team in St. Paul, again called the Saints, to give the league four teams for 1954–55.

United States Central Hockey League

After two seasons as the Minnesota Hockey League the league became the United States Central Hockey League and would be called this for five years, 1956 to 1960. Only three of the four teams who had made up the Minnesota Hockey League for the 1954–55 season returned. Those teams were the Rochester Mustangs along with both Minneapolis clubs, the Culbersons and the Bungalows. Gone were the St. Paul Saints who replaced by a team called the St. Paul Peters. These four clubs would make up the USCHL for the 1955–56 and 1956–57 seasons. For the 1957–58 season the St Paul Peters were replaced by a team called St. Paul K.S.T.P. The Rochester Mustangs were the only team to return for the 1958–59 season. Gone were St. Paul K.S.T.P. along with both Minneapolis clubs (the Culbersons and the Bungalows). The league returned to four teams when it replaced these clubs with the St. Paul Capitols, Minneapolis Millers and the Des Moines Ice Hawks, marking the league's return to Iowa. For the fifth and final season of the USCHL the St Paul Capitols dropped out and the league expanded to five teams and into new territory with a team in Michigan with the addition of the Marquette Sentinels and into Wisconsin with the addition of the Green Bay Bobcats.

1961–79

The United States Hockey League (USHL) operated as a senior ice hockey league 1961 to 1979.[15]

The USHL welcomed the first female professional hockey player in 1969–70, when the Marquette Iron Rangers signed Karen Koch.[16]

By the late 1970s, the USHL had fallen on hard times. In the summer of 1977, clubs from the recently folded Midwest Junior Hockey League contacted the USHL. A unique merger was formed, with the three junior teams (Bloomington Junior Stars, Austin Mavericks, St. Paul Vulcans) and three remaining pro teams (Sioux City Musketeers, Waterloo Black Hawks, Green Bay Bobcats) gathered under the USHL banner. League governors decided on a two-division format, with the junior-aged teams in the Midwest Division and the professionals in the U.S. Division. The teams played an interlocking schedule that was, predictably, dominated by the professionals. The USHL's split existence would last just two seasons. The minor-pro wing of the league folded following the 1978–79 season, providing junior hockey operators with the opportunity to redefine the circuit. The 1979–80 season was the league's first as an entirely junior arrangement.[17]

The league's last season as a senior hockey league was 1978–79. During this final season the league comprised seven teams in two conferences. The U.S. Conference (with the Green Bay Bobcats, the Sioux City Musketeers and the Waterloo Black Hawks); while the Midwest Conference (with the Anoka Nordiques, the Austin Mavericks, the Bloomington Junior Stars and the St. Paul Vulcans). All seven teams were made up with players categorized as "Senior Amateur".[18][19][20][21][22][23][24] Following the 1978–79 season the senior league teams in the U.S. Conference folded and the USHL became an all-junior league the following season.[25]

Awards
Main article: List of USHL award winners

Alumni

League records

Team

Individual
  • Most points in a season – 135 by Tim Ferguson of Sioux City Musketeers in 1985–86 season.
  • Most goals in a season – 67 by Rod Taylor of Sioux City Musketeers in 1986–87 season.
  • Most assists in a season – 79 by Tim Ferguson of Sioux City Musketeers in 1985–86 season.
  • Most PIMs in a season – 316 by Chad Stauffacher of Green Bay Gamblers in 1996–97 season.
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See also

References
  1. "Tom Garrity Named USHL President and Commissioner". OurSportsCentral.com. May 29, 2018.
  2. Allen, Kevin (February 6, 2007). "Youngsters hoping to realize hockey dreams". USA Today. Retrieved March 24, 2012.
  3. http://ushlstats.stats.pointstreak.com/attendance.html?leagueid=49&seasonid=12983 .
  4. http://www.ushl.com/page/show/1209183-alumni-in-the-nhl | date=April 11, 2015 | Access Date=April 12, 2015
  5. Alex Lantz (January 25, 2015). "The drive to be the best". Lincoln Journal Star. Retrieved March 3, 2016.
  6. Rose, Joshua (March 12, 202). "Green Bay Gamblers season suspended due to COVID-19". WFRV-TV. Retrieved March 12, 2020.
  7. "Remainder of USHL season canceled". Nebraska TV. March 18, 2020.
  8. "USHL Draft". USHL.
  9. "Home". USHL.
  10. "Capitol's Move to Hartmeyer nixed; Capitol Ice Arena named as new home," from Wisconsin State Journal, 9/11/2017
  11. 1968–69 United States Hockey League [USHL] standings at. Hockeydb.com. Retrieved October 17, 2011.
  12. Santa's Village by Phillip L. Wenz, Published by Arcadia Publishing, 2007 ISBN 0-7385-4149-4, ISBN 978-0-7385-4149-5
  13. 1961–62 United States Hockey League [USHL] standings at. Hockeydb.com (January 16, 1962). Retrieved October 17, 2011.
  14. http://www.murraywilliamson.org/Pages/1968.aspx
  15. United States Hockey League [USHL] seasons at. Hockeydb.com. Retrieved October 17, 2011.
  16. www.marquetteironrangers.com Archived July 14, 2011, at the Wayback Machine. www.marquetteironrangers.com. Retrieved October 17, 2011.
  17. Archived September 13, 2008, at the Wayback Machine
  18. Sioux City Musketeers hockey team of the USHL at. Hockeydb.com. Retrieved October 17, 2011.
  19. Green Bay Bobcats hockey team of the USHL at. Hockeydb.com. Retrieved October 17, 2011.
  20. Anoka Nordiques hockey team of the USHL at. Hockeydb.com. Retrieved October 17, 2011.
  21. Waterloo Black Hawks hockey team of the USHL at. Hockeydb.com. Retrieved October 17, 2011.
  22. Austin Mavericks hockey team of the USHL at. Hockeydb.com. Retrieved October 17, 2011.
  23. Bloomington Junior Stars hockey team of the USHL at. Hockeydb.com. Retrieved October 17, 2011.
  24. St. Paul Vulcans hockey team of the USHL at. Hockeydb.com. Retrieved October 17, 2011.
  25. 1978–79 United States Hockey League [USHL] standings at. Hockeydb.com. Retrieved October 17, 2011.
  26. "Steel Named 2019-2020 Anderson Cup Champions". OurSports Central. April 1, 2020.
  • USHL 2006–07 Media Guide
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