Tegillarca granosa

Tegillarca granosa (also known as Anadara granosa[2]) is a species of ark clam known as the blood cockle or blood clam due to the red haemoglobin liquid inside the soft tissues. It is found throughout the Indo-Pacific region from the eastern coast of South Africa northwards and eastwards to Southeast Asia, Australia, Polynesia, and up to northern Japan. It lives mainly in the intertidal zone at one to two metres water depth, burrowed down into sand or mud. Adult size is about 5 to 6 cm long and 4 to 5 cm wide.[3]

The blood cockle is the main clam variety raised in the mud flats of Anhai Bay off Shuitou, Fujian.[4]

Tegillarca granosa
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Mollusca
Class: Bivalvia
Order: Arcida
Family: Arcidae
Genus: Tegillarca
Species:
T. granosa
Binomial name
Tegillarca granosa
Synonyms
  • Anadara bisenensis Schrenck & Reinhart, 1938
  • Anadara granosa (Linnaeus, 1758)
  • Anadara thackwayi Iredale, 1927
  • Anomalocardia pulchella Dunker, 1868
  • Arca aculeata Bruguière, 1789
  • Arca corbicula Gmelin, 1791
  • Arca corbula Dillwyn, 1817
  • Arca granosa (Linnaeus, 1758)
  • Arca granosa kamakuraensis Noda, 1966
  • Arca nodulosa Lightfoot, 1786 (invalid: junior homonym of Arca nodulosa O. F. Müller, 1776)
  • Arca obessa Kotaka, 1953
  • Tegillarca granosa bessalis Iredale, 1939

It has a high economic value as food, and it is kept in aquaculture. Just on the coast of Zhejiang Province alone, blood cockle plantations occupy around 145,000 mu (about 100 km2) of mudflats.[5] These clams are raised in the river estuaries of the neighboring Fujian Province as well.[4]

The meat of this bivalve is served steamed, boiled, roasted, or traditionally raw.

Safety

Some sources of blood cockle may not undergo the depuration process. Therefore, certain styles of preparation, such as the poaching commonly carried out in Shanghai, can leave many pathogens present.[6]

Culinary use

In Korea, blood cockles are called kkomak (꼬막) and are cooked and seasoned with soy sauce, chili powder, and sesame oil.[7]

  • Prepared kkomak (blood cockles)
  • Prepared kkomak (blood cockles)
  • Kkomak-muchim (seasoned blood cockles)
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References
  1. "Tegillarca granosa (Linnaeus, 1758)". World Register of Marine Species. Retrieved 24 January 2016.
  2. (pata de mula)SPECIES: Tegillarca granosa (Malaysian cockle)(Anadara granosa)
  3. Pathansali, D. (1966). Notes on the biology of the cockle, Anadara granosa L. Proc. Indo-Pacific Fish. Counc. 11:84-98
  4. Ruǎn Jīnshān; Li Xiùzhū; Lín Kèbīng; Luō Dōnglián; Zhōu Chén; Cài Qīnghǎi (阮金山;李秀珠;林克冰;罗冬莲;周宸;蔡清海), 安海湾南岸滩涂养殖贝类死亡原因调查分析 (Analysis of the causes of death of farmed shellfish on the mudflats in the southern part of Anhai Bay), 《福建水产》 (Fujian Aquaculture), 2005-04
  5. 泥蚶抗高氨氮、高硫化物家系选育 (Breeding mud cockle varieties resistant to high-nitrogen, high-sulfide environment). (The numbers are as of 2009)
  6. http://en.people.cn/90882/8339655.html
  7. Chung, Da-young (December 2015). "Cockles". KOREA. 11 (12). Korean Culture and Information Service. ISSN 2005-2162. Retrieved 13 April 2017.
  • Huber, M. (2010). Compendium of bivalves. A full-color guide to 3,300 of the world’s marine bivalves. A status on Bivalvia after 250 years of research. Hackenheim: ConchBooks. 901 pp., 1 CD-ROM
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