T. N. Seshan

Tirunellai Narayana Iyer Seshan (15 December 1932 – 10 November 2019) was an Indian civil servant who served with the Indian Administrative Service. After serving on various positions in Madras State (now Tamil Nadu) and in various ministries of the Central Government of India, he served as the 18th Cabinet Secretary of India in 1989. He was appointed the 10th Chief Election Commissioner of India (1990–96) and became known for election reforms. He won the Ramon Magsaysay Award for government service in 1996.

T. N. Seshan
10th Chief Election Commissioner of India
In office
12 December 1990 – 11 December 1996
Prime MinisterChandra Shekhar
P. V. Narasimha Rao
Atal Bihari Vajpayee
H. D. Deve Gowda
Preceded byV. S. Ramadevi
Succeeded byM. S. Gill
18th Cabinet Secretary of India
In office
27 March 1989 – 23 December 1989
Prime MinisterRajiv Gandhi
Preceded byB. G. Deshmukh
Succeeded byV. C. Pande
Personal details
Born
Tirunellai Narayana Iyer Seshan

(1932-12-15)15 December 1932
Palghat, Madras Presidency, British India
(present-day Kerala, India)
Died10 November 2019(2019-11-10) (aged 86)
Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
Spouse(s)
Jayalakshmi Seshan
​
(
m. 1959; died 2018)
Alma materMadras Christian College
Harvard University
OccupationIndian Administrative Service
AwardsRamon Magsaysay award (1996)

Early life

Tirunellai Narayana Iyer Seshan was born on 15 December 1932 in Palghat (Palakkad).[1][2] He was youngest of six siblings and his father was a lawyer in a district court.[3] He completed his schooling from Basel Evangelical Mission Higher Secondary School and intermediate from Government Victoria College, Palakkad. He obtained his Bachelor of Science Honors degree in Physics from the Madras Christian College and later taught there from 1950 to 1952. In 1953, he left Madras Christian College and cleared the police service examination but did not join. He passed the Indian Administrative Service exam in 1954 and joined as a trainee of 1955 Tamil Nadu cadre.[4][2][5][1]

Career

Seshan was appointed an apprentice administrator, as assistant collector, for a year at Coimbatore, as a trainee of the Academy of Administration in Delhi. He was first appointed sub-collector in Dindigul.[1] He moved to the Secretariat for Rural Development in Madras (now Chennai) and appointed director of programs and deputy secretary, where he managed a local administration programme for panchayats, from 1958 to 1962.[1]

In 1962, he was appointed the director of transport of Madras State (later Tamil Nadu).[1][3] In 1964, he was appointed collector of Madurai district. After two and a half years, he went to study at Harvard University on Edward S. Mason Fellowship where he earned a master's degree in public administration in 1968.[1]

After return, in 1969, he was appointed as secretary to the Atomic Energy Commission. From 1972 to 1976, he served as joint secretary at the Department of Space.[1] In 1976, he returned to Tamil Nadu and was appointed the state’s secretary of industries and of agriculture for brief period. After differences with the Chief Minister of Tamil Nadu, he resigned and moved to Delhi where he was appointed as a member of the Oil and Natural Gas Commission and was in charge of personnel. After two years, he served as additional secretary to the Ministry of Space from 1980 to 1985. Later he became secretary of the Ministry of Environment and Forests from 1985 to 1988. He opposed the Tehri dam and Sardar Sarovar dam on Narmada river during his stint but was overruled. He was later given additional position of secretary of Internal Security which he served until 1989. In 1988, he served secretary of the Ministry of Defence for ten months.[1] He was appointed 18th Cabinet Secretary, the senior most position in the Indian civil service hierarchy, in 1989[4] and later served as a member of Planning Commission.[2][1]

Election Commission of India

He was appointed the 10th Chief Election Commissioner and had served from 12 December 1990 to 11 December 1996.[4][6][7] He became best known for his election reforms. He redefined the status and visibility of the Election Commission of India.[8][9] He identified more than hundred electoral malpractices and reformed the election process.[3][7][10][11][12][13] Some of reforms he implemented include enforcement of election code of conduct, Voter IDs for all eligible voters, limit on election candidates' expenditure,[3][14] appointing election officials from states other than the one facing polls.[15] He curbed several malpractices like bribing or intimidating voters, distribution of liquor during elections, use of government funds and machinery for campaigning, appealing to voters' caste or communal feelings, use of places of worship for campaigns, use of loudspeakers and high volume music without prior written permission.[16]

During the 1999 Indian general elections, due to his reforms, 1488 candidates were disqualified for three years for failing to submit their expenditure accounts. It was reported that he reviewed more than 40,000 expenditure accounts and disqualified 14,000 candidates for false information. In 1992, the Election Commission cancelled elections in Bihar and Punjab due to electoral issues.[3]

Later life

After retirement as the Chief Election Commissioner, he contested the 1997 Indian presidential election and lost to K.R. Narayanan.[17] He taught leadership at the Great Lakes Institute of Management in Chennai and had briefly taught at the Lal Bahadur Shastri Academy, Mussoorie.[3] In 2012, the Madras High Court appointed him as an interim administrator to run the Pachaiyappa’s Trust in Chennai.[18]

He died at his home in Chennai on 10 November 2019.[4][19]

Recognition

He received the Ramon Magsaysay Award for government service in 1996.[1]

Personal life

He was married to Jayalakshmi Seshan from 1959 until her death in March 2018. They did not have any children.[2][1] He knew several languages including Tamil, Malayalam, Sanskrit, English, Hindi, Kannada, Marathi and Gujarati.[1]

Bibliography
  • 1995: The Degeneration of India, Viking, ISBN 978-0670864508
  • 1995: A Heart Full of Burden, UBS Publishers, ISBN 978-8174760272
gollark: I agree.
gollark: Actually, being wrong is bad.
gollark: For such an intelligent person you can be remarkably wrong.
gollark: Wait, are *those* the backdoor in the rules which I speculated existed? Oh no.
gollark: You're leaving out impersonation points, BEE.

References
  1. Evangelista, Oscar L. (1990). "The 1996 Ramon Magsaysay Award for Government Service: Biography for Tirunellai N. Seshan". Archived from the original on 28 May 2013.
  2. "TN Seshan death: TN Seshan, former CEC who tamed politicians, dies at 86". The Times of India. 11 November 2019. Retrieved 11 November 2019.
  3. Narasimhan, T. E. (12 May 2012). "T N Seshan, the man who helped clean up India's elections". Business Standard India. Retrieved 11 November 2019.
  4. "T N Seshan, former chief election commissioner, passes away | India News - Times of India".
  5. Das, Sanjib Kumar (1 May 2014). "The man who cleaned up India's elections". Gulf News. Retrieved 10 August 2016.
  6. Narasimhan, T. E. (12 May 2012). "The more you kick me..." Business Standard. Retrieved 9 August 2016.
  7. Srivastava, Ritesh K.(The Observer) (5 March 2012). "Empowering the EC". Zee News. Retrieved 19 December 2014.
  8. "Election Commission's neutrality: Will Zaidi fit in Seshan's shoes?".
  9. Anand, R. K. (20 June 2012). "Time to 'Seshan' the EC". Suara Sarawak. (Baru Bian, Malaysia). Retrieved 17 December 2014.
  10. Gilmartin, David (North Carolina State Univ.). "'One Day's Sultan': T. N. Seshan and the Reform of the Election Commission in the 1990s". Retrieved 17 December 2014.
  11. McGirk, Tim (28 April 1996). "India's scourge of money, muscle and ministers". The Independent (U.K.). Retrieved 17 December 2014.
  12. Kaw, M K. "Seshan the Alsatian". GFiles-Inside the Government. Archived from the original on 20 August 2016. Retrieved 11 August 2016.
  13. Shekhar, G. C. (7 April 2014). "Autumn of Al-Seshan". The Telegraph (Calcutta). Retrieved 17 December 2014.
  14. Verma, Nalin (1 December 2012). "Minds unite in crisis times". The Telegraph (Calcutta). Retrieved 17 December 2014.
  15. Sumit Ganguly; Rahul Mukherji (1 August 2011). India Since 1980. Cambridge University Press. p. 179. ISBN 978-1-139-49866-1. Retrieved 17 December 2014.
  16. "CEC T.N. Seshan tightens electoral reform screws to clean up entire election process". India Today Portal. 15 December 1994.
  17. Sardesai, Rajdeep (5 October 2012). "Will Arvind Kejriwal succeed where TN Seshan failed?". News18. Retrieved 9 August 2016.
  18. "Seshan to take care of Pachaiyappa's trust". The New Indian Express. Retrieved 11 November 2019.
  19. "Former Election Commissioner TN Seshan dies at 87". India Today. 10 November 2019. Retrieved 10 November 2019.

Further reading
  • 1994: Seshan: An intimate story, by K Govindan Kutty, Konark Publishers, ISBN 978-8122003918
This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.