Suva Reka

Suva Reka (Serbian Cyrillic: Сува Река), or Suhareka or Theranda (Albanian: Suharekë or Therandë), is a town and municipality located in the Prizren district of central-southern Kosovo.[lower-alpha 1] According to the 2011 census, the town has 10,422 inhabitants, while the municipality has 59,722 inhabitants.

For other uses, see Theranda (disambiguation).
Suva Reka

  • Сува Река / Suva Reka  (Serbian)
    Suhareka or Suharekë,
    Theranda or Therandë  (Albanian)
Town and municipality
Komuna e Suharekës
Suva Reka
Seal
Location of the municipality of Suva Reka within Kosovo
Coordinates: 42°22′48″N 20°49′19″E
Location Kosovo[lower-alpha 1]
DistrictPrizren
Government
 • MayorBali Muharremaj (AAK)
 • Municipal361 km2 (139 sq mi)
Elevation
389 m (1,276 ft)
Population
 (2011)
 • Urban
10,422
 • Municipal
59,722
 • Municipal density170/km2 (430/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
23000
Area code(s)+383 29
Car plates04
ClimateCfb
Websitekk.rks-gov.net/suhareke

Suva Reka is located 18 km (11 mi) from the city of Prizren, and 57 km (35 mi) from Kosovo's capital, Pristina.

Name

Suva Reka means "dry river" in Serbian. The Albanian spellings are Suharekë[1] or Suhareka (derived from the Slavic form), while an alternative[2] name was recently created by the Albanological Institute,[3] Therandë,[4] adopted from an unlocated Roman site (possibly in Suva Reka or Ljubižda in the Miruša valley[5]).[6]

History

Historical background

The municipality includes several medieval Serbian sites and old settlements, such as the villages of Banja, Dulje, Mušutište, Popovljane, Rečane, and churches of Virgin Hodegetria, St. George, Holy Trinity, St. Nicholas, among others. The settlement of Suva Reka itself was first mentioned in 1465.

Yugoslav period

From 1929 to 1941, Suva Reka was a village part of the Vardar Banovina of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia.

Between 1918 and 1941 the demographic structure of the municipality of Suva Reka has been affected by settlements and colonization such as the Serbian colonization and population settlement, for the most part from the Toplica District. [7]

On the night of 9–10 June 1984, ethnic Albanians desecrated 29 tombstones of the Church of the Holy Saviour.[8][9]

Kosovo War and aftermath

During the Kosovo War (1998–99), the Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA) operated in the region and it was reported that it had killed and wounded several Serbian policemen and civilians. Among KLA attacks against police officers recorded in 1998 in the municipality were: on 16 August in Blace (one badly wounded), on 23 August in Dulje (three badly, four lightly wounded) and in Reštane (one badly wounded), on 25 August in Dulje (one badly wounded), on 28 September in Budakovo (three badly wounded) and in Vranić (one lightly wounded).[10] KLA shot at an OSCE vehicle driving behind a FR Yugoslav military convoy between Suva Reka and Štimlje on 5 November 1998.[11] In 10–16 January 1999, FR Yugoslav forces conducted counter-insurgency operations in Suva Reka.[12] UNHCR estimated on 18 March 1999 that the Suva Reka municipality had 6,100 displaced and 5,600 returns.[13] On 25 March, the town was surrounded by the Yugoslav army and police, and U.S. documents claim reports of at least 30 Albanians killed.[14] There were reports that Serb forces extorted Albanians in Belanica on 27 March.[15] In April and May 1999, Serb paramilitary repeatedly attacked the villages in the municipality, forcing the population to leave and gather in KLA territory.[15] On 11–12 June 1999, a Serb family of four was kidnapped in Dvorane and never located.[16][17] On 12 June 1999, KLA attacked Mušutište and kidnapped eighteen Serb civilians.[18][19]

After the war, Serbian heritage was destroyed all over Kosovo; the churches (including cemeteries) of Virgin Hodegetria, St. George, Holy Trinity, St. Nicholas and others were completely destroyed in 1999 after the arrival of KFOR (and end of war).[20]

NATO set up a military base in the municipality, Camp Casablanca.

Culture

Churches
  • Church of the Virgin Hodegetria, Mušutište, built 1315, destroyed 1999
  • Church of St. George, Rečane, built in the 14th century, destroyed 1999
  • Church of the Holy Trinity, Mušutište, built before 1465, destroyed 1999
  • Church of the Holy Saviour, Mušutište, built in 1465, destroyed 1999
  • Church of St. Nicholas, Popovljane, built in 1626, destroyed 1999
  • Church of Archangel Michael, Dvorane, built in the 19th century, destroyed 1999
  • Church of the Holy Saviour, Dvorane, built in the 19th century, destroyed 1999
  • Church of the Holy Apostles Peter and Paul, Suva Reka, built 1938, destroyed 1999
  • Church of St. Parasčeva, Mušutište, built 1973, destroyed 1999

Demographics
Municipal historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
194827,044—    
195330,184+2.22%
196134,729+1.77%
197145,316+2.70%
198159,434+2.75%
199172,229+1.97%
201159,722−0.95%
2016
est.		59,681−0.01%
Source: Division of Kosovo

According to the 2011 census done by the Government of Kosovo, the municipality of Suhareka had 59,722 inhabitants of which 98.9% were Kosovo Albanians.[21] According to OSCE, the whereabouts of the displaced Serb and Roma communities is unknown.[21]

Twin towns – Sister cities
See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in Kosovo

Suva Reka is twinned with:

Notes and references
Notes
  1. Kosovo is the subject of a territorial dispute between the Republic of Kosovo and the Republic of Serbia. The Republic of Kosovo unilaterally declared independence on 17 February 2008, but Serbia continues to claim it as part of its own sovereign territory. The two governments began to normalise relations in 2013, as part of the 2013 Brussels Agreement. Kosovo is currently recognized as an independent state by 97 out of the 193 United Nations member states. In total, 112 UN member states recognized Kosovo at some point, of which 15 later withdrew their recognition.
References
  1. "Suhareke". kk.rks-gov.net. Retrieved 12 April 2018.
  2. Robert Elsie (15 November 2010). Historical Dictionary of Kosovo. Scarecrow Press. pp. 298–. ISBN 978-0-8108-7483-1.
  3. Saskia Drude (2008). Hundert Wochen Kosovo: Alltag in einem unfertigen Land. Karin Fischer Verlag. pp. 99–. ISBN 978-3-89514-836-1.
  4. Elsie,R. (2010-11-15). Historical Dictionary of Kosovo. p. 268. ISBN 9780810874831.
  5. Arheološko blago Kosova i Metohije: Text. Srpska Akademija nauka i umetnosti. 1998. p. 286.
  6. Andreas Wittkowsky (2011). Grand Hotel Kosovo: Schlaglichter einer europäischen Staatsbildung (in German). LIT Verlag Münster. pp. 69–. ISBN 978-3-643-11425-9.
  7. "Kolonizimi serb i Kosovës" (in Albanian). 9 Jan 2011..
  8. "—". Православље (429). 1 February 1985. Archived from the original on 27 November 2011.
  9. Antonije Isaković (1990). "Kosovsko-metohijski zbornik". SANU: 84. Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  10. Members of the Ministry of the Interior - Victims of Albanian Terrorism in 1998, March 10, 1999
  11. Krieger 2001, p. 227.
  12. Krieger 2001, p. 248.
  13. Krieger 2001, p. 67.
  14. Krieger 2001, pp. 88, 528.
  15. Krieger 2001, p. 56.
  16. Government of the Republic of Serbia, SPISAK KIDNAPOVANIH I NESTALIH LICA NA KOSOVU I METOHIJI
  17. Plarre, Wolfgang. "ABDUCTIONS-7-010417.htm HLC - Humanitarian Law Center - Abductions and Disappearances of non-Albanians in Kosovo - copy on 17 April 2001". www.bndlg.de. Retrieved 12 April 2018.
  18. "Kosovo (1998-2000)". zrtveratovasfrj.info (in Serbian). Retrieved 2 September 2017.
  19. "Српско село Мушутиште на КиМ: Старци бачени у бунаре, манастир порушен" [Serb village Mušutište, in Kosovo: elders were thrown into wells, monastery demolished]. srbijadanas.net (in Serbian). 1 June 2015. Retrieved 2 September 2017.
  20. Влада Републике Србије за Косово и Метохију. "Уништена и оштећена културна добра на Косову и Метохији у периоду од 1999. до 2004. године" (PDF). Cite journal requires |journal= (help)
  21. http://www.osce.org/kosovo/13131?download=true
  22. "Komuna Suhareke - Suhareka & Fellbach". kk.rks-gov.net. Retrieved 2017-01-31.
  23. "Lilburn Becomes a 'Sister City' With Kosovo Town". patch.com. 16 July 2013. Retrieved 12 April 2018.
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