Novo Brdo

Novo Brdo (Serbian Cyrillic: Ново Брдо), or Novobërda or Artana (Albanian: Novobërdë or Artanë), is a town and municipality located in the Pristina district of Kosovo[lower-alpha 1]. As of 2015, it has an estimated population of 9,670 inhabitants.

For the village in Bulgaria, see Novo Bardo. For the Novo Brdo fortress, see Novo Brdo Fortress.
Novo Brdo

  • Ново Брдо / Novo Brdo  (Serbian)
    Novobërda or Novobërdë,
    Artana or Artanë  (Albanian)
Town and municipality
View on Novo Brdo
Seal
Location of the municipality of Novo Brdo
Coordinates: 42°36′N 21°26′E
CountryKosovo[lower-alpha 1]
DistrictDistrict of Pristina
Settlements32
Government
 • Provisional presidentSvetislav Ivanović (GIS)
Area
 • Total204.25 km2 (78.86 sq mi)
Elevation
946 m (3,104 ft)
Population
 (2015)
 • Total9,670
 • Density47/km2 (120/sq mi)
 est.
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
16000
Area code(s)+381(0)38
Vehicle registration01
Websitekk.rks-gov.net/novoberde

After the 2013 Brussels Agreement, the municipality became part of the Community of Serb Municipalities.

Name

In Serbian (and also English) "Novo Brdo" is used, literally meaning "New Hill". The name was derived from the medieval Serbian mining town of Novo Brdo. In Albanian, "Novobërdë" is used.[1]

History
Novo Brdo Fortress, built by Serbian king Stefan Milutin.
Administrative division of Novo Brdo

Novo Brdo is an archaeological site.[2] Novo Brdo was mentioned with its present name in historical documents as early as 1326. Previously it was known as Novus Mons or Novamonte in Latin and as Nyeuberghe in Saxon texts. The famous Bulgarian scribe Vladislav the Grammarian was born here.

Novo Brdo was a metropolis at the time, with a huge medieval fortress built on the top of an extinct volcano cone, the remains of which can be visited today, and residential sections sprawling all around. In the outer wall of the fortress a large cross is visible, built into the stones. The castle, or fortress, was thought at one point to have dated back to the time of the Serbian Empire. The population at its height was estimated to exceed 6,720 people. At the first half of 15th century, Serbian Orthodox bishops of Lipljan resided in Novo Brdo. There were mines and smelting furnaces for iron, lead, gold and silver ores. Novo Brdo silver is known by its glam silver (argentum de glama, an alloy of silver with 1/6-1/3 gold). In 1450 the mines of Novo Brdo were producing about 6,000 kg of silver per year.

Novo Brdo was the last Serbian city to remain standing during the first invasion. In 1439 the capital of Smederevo fell and Serbia resisted until finally Novo Brdo fell in 1441. Novo Brdo was by treaty restored to the Serbs in 1443. The fortress (named in Turkish Nobırda) came under siege for forty days by the Ottomans, before capitulating and becoming occupied by the Ottomans on 1 June 1455. This event is described by Konstantin Mihailović from Ostrovica near Novo Brdo, who was taken by the Ottomans along with some 300 other boys to be trained as Janissaries. All of the higher ranking Serbian officials were executed after the castle fell, with the younger men and boys being taken captive to serve in the Ottoman Army, and some 700 young Serbian women and girls being taken to be wives to Ottoman commanders.

By the early 20th century, Novo Brdo's population dwindled, with most inhabitants moving to the more easily accessible area of Gnjilane. In 1999, with the entry into Kosovo of KFOR and the United Nations Interim Administration Mission in Kosovo (UNMIK), the area had a small military outpost occupied by US soldiers, as well as a station of International Police and Kosovo Police.

Economy

There are two lead and zinc mines operating on the territory of Novo Brdo: Kišnica and Novo Brdo.

Demographics
Municipal historical population
YearPop.±% p.a.
19483,960—    
19534,548+2.81%
19615,153+1.57%
19715,384+0.44%
19814,984−0.77%
19914,611−0.77%
20116,729+1.91%
2015
est.		9,670+9.49%
Source: Division of Kosovo

According to the last official census done in 2011, the city of Novo Brdo has a population of 6,729 inhabitants. However, in 2015 report by OSCE, the population of Novo Brdo municipality stands at 9,670 inhabitants, including internally displaced persons.[3] Municipality of Novo Brdo includes town and 31 villages.

Ethnic groups

The municipality of Novo Brdo is ethnically mixed, mostly consisting of Kosovo Serbs (60%), Albanians (39%) and other minorities.

The ethnic composition of the municipality of Novo Brdo, including IDPs:[3]

Ethnic group 1991 census 2011 census 2015 est.
Serbs2,666 3,1225,802
Albanians1,845 3,5243,771
Romani- 6697
Others100 14-
Total4,611 6,7299,670

Notable people
Memorial in Prilepac Fortress, the birthplace of Lazar of Serbia
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See also

Notes and references
Notes
  1. Kosovo is the subject of a territorial dispute between the Republic of Kosovo and the Republic of Serbia. The Republic of Kosovo unilaterally declared independence on 17 February 2008, but Serbia continues to claim it as part of its own sovereign territory. The two governments began to normalise relations in 2013, as part of the 2013 Brussels Agreement. Kosovo is currently recognized as an independent state by 97 out of the 193 United Nations member states. In total, 112 UN member states recognized Kosovo at some point, of which 15 later withdrew their recognition.
References
  1. See Republic of Kosovo municipality websites: "Municipality of Novo Brdo"., "Komuna e Novobërdës" (in Albanian).
  2. Rob Pickard (January 2008). Analysis and Reform of Cultural Heritage Policies in South-East Europe. Council of Europe. p. 67. ISBN 978-92-871-6265-6.
  3. "Novo Brdo/Novobërdë". osce.org. OSCE. Retrieved 19 August 2017.
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