Struga

Struga (Macedonian: Струга [ˈstruɡa] (listen), Albanian: Strugë) is a town and popular tourist destination situated in the south-western region of North Macedonia, lying on the shore of Lake Ohrid. The town of Struga is the seat of Struga Municipality.

For other places with the same name, see Struga (disambiguation).

Struga Струга (Macedonian) Strugë  (Albanian)
Aerial view of Struga
Coat of arms
Struga Location within North Macedonia
Coordinates: 41°10′N 20°40′E
Country	North Macedonia
Region	Southwestern
Municipality	Struga
Government
• Mayor	Ramiz Merko
Area
• Total	483 km^2 (186 sq mi)
Elevation	693 m (2,273 ft)
Population  (2002)
• Total	16,559
Time zone	UTC+1 (CET)
• Summer (DST)	UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code	6330
Area code(s)	+389 46
Car plates	Struga car plate
Climate	Cfb
Website	www.struga.gov.mk

Etymology

Old boulevard of Struga

The origins of the name Struga come from the Old Church Slavonic language.[1] There are three theories regarding the name, all of which are supported by the local inhabitants of the Struga region.

• The first theory is that the name of the town originated from the geographic location of the town. Located at the foot of an open valley and subject to a windy climate, it was suggested that the name originates from the old Macedonian term: струже ветер (it blows wind).
• The second theory says that the name of the city origins from the straga, meaning a cross.
• The third theory comes from the word str'g which means water branch.

The ancient name of the city is Enchalon (Εγχαλών), the ancient Greek word for eel.

History

In the late 19th and early 20th century, Struga was part of the Manastir Vilayet of the Ottoman Empire.

Struga was the birthplace in 1865 Ibrahim Temo, who would go on to be a doctor and one of the founders of the Ottoman reform movement known as the Committee of Union and Progress.[2]

From 1929 to 1941, Struga was part of the Vardar Banovina of the Kingdom of Yugoslavia.

Geography

Struga is located in an open valley on Lake Ohrid. The Black Drin river (Crn Drim) starts at the lake and divides the city.

Demographics

As of the 2002 census, the city of Struga has 16,559 inhabitants and the ethnic composition was the following:[3]

• Macedonians, 8,901 (53.7%)
• Albanians, 5,293 (32.0%)
• Turks, 907 (5.5%)
• Vlachs, 550 (3.3%)
• others, 908 (5.5%)

The mother tongues of the city's residents were the following:

• Macedonian, 9,665 (58.4%)
• Albanian, 5,615 (34.0%)
• Turkish, 823 (5.0%)
• Aromanian, 271 (1.6%)
• others, 185 (1.1%)

The religious composition of the city was the following:

• Orthodox Christians, 9,197 (55.5%)
• Muslims, 7,075 (42.7%)
• others, 287 (1.7%)

City of Struga population according to ethnic group 1948-2002[4]

Ethnic group	census 1948		census 1953		census 1961		census 1971		census 1981		census 1994		census 2002
	Number	%	Number	%	Number	%	Number	%	Number	%	Number	%	Number	%
Macedonians	..	..	2,194	43.9	3,423	49.9	6,215	54.2	8,002	55.9	9,433	58.9	8,901	53.8
Albanians	..	..	1,109	22.2	1,649	24.1	3,508	30.6	4,149	29.0	4,330	27.0	5,293	32.0
Turks	..	..	927	18.6	994	14.5	730	6.4	832	5.8	887	5.5	927	5.5
Romani	..	..	141	2.82	0	0.0	12	0.1	421	2.9	114	0.7	97	0.6
Vlachs	..	..	536	10.7	0	0.0	0	0.0	337	2.35	462	2.9	550	3.3
Serbs	..	..	42	0.9	54	0.8	106	0.9	84	0.6	91	0.6	72	0.4
Bosnians	..	..	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0	0	0.0	16	0.1
Others/undeclared	..	..	47	1.0	737	10.8	904	7.9	500	3.5	720	4.5	723	4.4
Total	4,923		4,996		6,857		11,475		14,325		16,037		16,559

Until the last few decades of the 20th century Albanian Tosk, in particular the geographically central variety of the dialect dominated among speakers of Albanian in Struga.[5] The local Romani population of Struga speaks and sings in the southern Tosk Albanian dialect, as does the local Turkish population.[5] Aromanians in Struga also speak Tosk Albanian.

Culture

Frescoes from the rock church in the monastery of Kalishta.

Struga is also a place of important cultural significance in North Macedonia, as it is the birthplace of the poets Konstantin and Dimitar Miladinov.

The main event of the cultural life in Struga is the world's largest poetry gathering, Struga Poetry Evenings, whose laureates have included several Nobel Prize for Literature winners such as

• Joseph Brodsky,
• Eugenio Montale,
• Pablo Neruda,
• Seamus Heaney,
• Fazıl Hüsnü Dağlarca

and many others since 1966.

There are several cultural monuments in Struga and in its vicinity such as

• the Monastery of Kališta, a few kilometers away from the town center, lying on the shore of Lake Ohrid. It is believed that it dates from the 16th century, with frescoes from the 14th and the 15th centuries.
• Another rock church is present in the neighbouring village of Radožda with frescoes from the 13th and 14th centuries.
• The Church of Sveta Bogorodica (St Mary) in Vraništa, is believed to be where Tsar Samuel was crowned.
• The church of St. George is also located in the town; built on top of Samuel's church, it has many icons from the 14th, 15th, and 16th centuries.
• Near the village of Radolishta, a basilica from the 4th century was discovered, with a mosaic.

Struga's old architecture dates from the 18th and 19th centuries.

Sports

Local football clubs FC Struga and FK Karaorman have both played in the Macedonian First Football League. A third club Vllaznimi, currently plays in the Macedonian Third League (Southwest Division).

Economy

Tourism

The Black Drin river flowing through the city.

Much of the town's income is through internal tourism. Struga's location on Lake Ohrid makes it a slightly quieter and more peaceful experience than the more bustling Ohrid.

When visiting this quiet town of North Macedonia, there are a few other places that show the beauty and culture, like the clay chamber pots at the house of the Miladinovci Brothers, the old bazaar, the century old churches and mosques.

Before the evenings you can enjoy on 3 kinds of beaches called "Male beach" (maška plaža), "Female beach" (Ženska plaža) and Galeb ("Gull Beach"), located just before the estuary of the river Crn Drim (Black Drim) in its own flow, and between the two previous beaches.

Just in front of the "Male beach", at the estuary of the river Crn Drim it is located the biggest 5 star Hotel Drim in Struga.

Out of the town there is another tourist place near the lake called Biser (Pearl), also a hotel.

Every August the Struga Poetry Evenings (SPE) are held at the "Poetry Bridge" (Macedonian: Струшки Вечери на Поезијата) and are attended by poets, writers and artists from across the world.

Churches[6]

• St. George Church - from the 13th century;
• St. Nicholas Church
• Church of the Myrrhbearing Women

International relations

See also: List of twin towns and sister cities in North Macedonia

Twin towns – Sister cities

Struga is twinned with:

• Mangalia, Romania
• Waterbury, Connecticut, United States[7]
• Büyükçekmece, Turkey

See also

• Struga Poetry Evenings
• List of people from Struga

References

1. Macedonia. Bradt Travel Guides. p. 167. Retrieved 2009-10-03. struga name.
2. Temo, İbrahim (1987). İbrahim Temo'nun İttihad ve Terakki Anıları. İstanbul: Arba. p. 5.
3. Macedonian census, language and religion Censuses of population 1948 - 2002
4. Censuses of population 1948 - 2002 Archived 2013-10-14 at the Wayback Machine
5. Murtishi, Kaim (2001). Ladorishti: Histori dhe Tradita. Asdreni. p. 21.CS1 maint: ref=harv (link) "ndërsa për ruajtjen e identitetit të Strugës, flet fakti se në atë qytet, para disa dekadave, flitej vetëm dialekti toskë, sidomos toskërishtja qendrore, ndërmjet Jugut dhe Veriut të Shqiperisë... Këto fakte gjuhësore i vërteton edhe popullata rome, jevgjit e Strugës, flasin dhe këndojnë toskërisht, gjithashtu edhe popullata turke e këtij qyteti, flet dialektin toskë. Këtë dialekt e flasin vllehët e Strugës dhe të Belicës. Këtë dialekt e flet edhe popullata sllave që ka mësuar të flasë shqip."
6. Jелена Павловска, Наташа Ниќифоровиќ и Огнен Коцевски (2011). Валентина Божиновска. уред (на македонски). „Карта на верски објекти во Македонија“. Менора - Скопје: Комисија за односи во верските заедници и религиозните групи. ISBN 978-608-65143-2-7
7. "Waterbury and Struga Agree To Become Sister Cities, O'Leary To Visit Macedonia Next Summer". The Waterbury Observer. Archived from the original on 2014-01-28. Retrieved 2014-01-23.

External links

• Struga Municipality
• Points of interest in Struga
• Struga travel guide from Wikivoyage
• Struga Tourism Portal