Stegodyphus

Stegodyphus is a genus of velvet spiders that was first described by Eugène Simon in 1873.[3] They are distributed from Africa to Europe and Asia, with two species (S. manaus and S. annulipes) found in Brazil. The name is derived from Ancient Greek στέγω (stegos), meaning "covered".

Stegodyphus
Stegodyphus lineatus
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Subphylum: Chelicerata
Class: Arachnida
Order: Araneae
Infraorder: Araneomorphae
Family: Eresidae
Genus: Stegodyphus
Simon, 1873[1]
Type species
S. lineatus
(Latreille, 1817)
Species

20, see text

Synonyms[1]

At least three species are social spiders,[4] and several are known to use ballooning as a method of dispersal.[5]

Nest of S. dumicola
Kwa-Zulu Natal, South Africa
The community nesting spider, S. dumicola

Species

As of May 2019 it contains twenty species:[1]

  • Stegodyphus africanus (Blackwall, 1866) – Africa
  • Stegodyphus bicolor (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1869) – Southern Africa
  • Stegodyphus dufouri (Audouin, 1826) – North, West Africa
  • Stegodyphus dumicola Pocock, 1898 – Central, Southern Africa
  • Stegodyphus hildebrandti (Karsch, 1878) – Central, East Africa, Zanzibar
  • Stegodyphus hisarensis Arora & Monga, 1992 – India
  • Stegodyphus lineatus (Latreille, 1817) (type) – Southern Europe, North Africa to Tajikistan
  • Stegodyphus lineifrons Pocock, 1898 – East Africa
  • Stegodyphus manaus Kraus & Kraus, 1992 – Brazil
  • Stegodyphus manicatus Simon, 1876 – North, West Africa
  • Stegodyphus mimosarum Pavesi, 1883 – Africa, Madagascar
  • Stegodyphus mirandus Pocock, 1899 – India
  • Stegodyphus nathistmus Kraus & Kraus, 1989 – Morocco to Yemen
  • Stegodyphus pacificus Pocock, 1900 – Jordan, Iran, Pakistan, India
  • Stegodyphus sabulosus Tullgren, 1910 – East, Southern Africa
  • Stegodyphus sarasinorum Karsch, 1892 – India, Sri Lanka, Nepal, Myanmar
  • Stegodyphus simplicifrons Simon, 1906 – Madagascar
  • Stegodyphus tentoriicola Purcell, 1904 – South Africa
  • Stegodyphus tibialis (O. Pickard-Cambridge, 1869) – India, Myanmar, Thailand, China
  • Stegodyphus tingelin Kraus & Kraus, 1989 – Cameroon
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References
  1. "Gen. Stegodyphus Simon, 1873". World Spider Catalog Version 20.0. Natural History Museum Bern. 2019. doi:10.24436/2. Retrieved 2019-06-03.
  2. Kraus, O.; Kraus, M. (1989). "The genus Stegodyphus (Arachnida, Araneae). Sibling species, species groups, and parallel origin of social living". Verhandlungen des Naturwissenschaftlichen Vereins in Hamburg. 30: 167.
  3. Simon, E. (1873). "Etudes arachnologiques. 2e Mémoire. III. Note sur les espèces européennes de la famille des Eresidae". Annales de la Société Entomologique de France. 3 (5): 335–358.
  4. Majer, M.; et al. (2013). "Habitat productivity constrains the distribution of social spiders across continents – case study of the genus Stegodyphus". Frontiers in Zoology. 10 (9). PMC 3599804.
  5. Schneider, J. M.; et al. (2001). "Dispersal of Stegodyphus dumicola (Araneae, Eresidae): They do balloon after all!" (PDF). The Journal of Arachnology. 29: 114–16.
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