Starogard Gdański

Starogard Gdański (Polish pronunciation: [staˈrɔɡard ˈɡdaj̃skʲi]; until 1950 Starogard, meaning approximately "the old stronghold"; Pomeranian/Kashubian: Starogarda; German: Preußisch Stargard) is a town in Pomeranian Voivodeship in northwestern Poland with 48,328 inhabitants (2004).

Starogard Gdański

Starogarda  (Kashubian)
  • From top, left to right: Town Hall
  • Saint Matthew church
  • Wiechert Palace
  • Market Square
  • Saint Adalbert church
Flag
Coat of arms
Starogard Gdański
Coordinates: 53°58′N 18°32′E
Country Poland
Voivodeship Pomeranian
CountyStarogard
GminaStarogard Gdański (urban gmina)
Established1198
Town rights1348
Government
 • MayorJanusz Stankowiak
Area
 • Total25.27 km2 (9.76 sq mi)
Population
 (2006)
 • Total48,136
 • Density1,900/km2 (4,900/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
83-200
Area code(s)+48 58
Car platesGST
Websitehttp://www.starogard.pl

Starogard is the capital of Starogard County. It is also the second biggest town (after Tczew) of the ethnocultural region Kociewie and is populated by Kocievians.

Geographical location

Starogard Gdański is located in Pomerania on the small river Wierzyca, about 21 kilometres (13 miles) south-west of Tczew, 40 km (25 mi) south of Gdańsk and 67 km (42 mi) north-east of Chojnice. It is 50 km (31 mi) from the Tricity (Polish: Trójmiasto) agglomeration on the coast of Gdańsk Bay.

Etymology

The name Starogard means "old city" in the Pomeranian language. Gdański is appended in the 20th century to the name to differentiate it from other places named Starogard. The German name Preußisch Stargard (Prussian Stargard) is similarly used to disambiguate from other places named Stargard. (See Stargard (disambiguation)).

History
Medieval Gdańsk Tower (Baszta Gdańska)

Archeological evidence indicates remnants of a neolithic settlement from four to five thousand years ago.

The territories of the settlement in Pomeralia belonged to a Pomeranian duchy which came under Polish rule during the 10th century and which acquired independence in 1227. Starogrod (as Starigrod) was first mentioned in 1198 when Duke Grzymisław II of Pomerania granted the settlement to the Knights Hospitaller. The Slavic name Stargarde was mentioned in 1269. In 1282, Mestwin II and Polish Duke Przemysł II signed the Treaty of Kępno, which transferred the suzerainty over Gdańsk Pomerania including Starogard to Przemysł II and reunited the region with Poland. Together with the rest of Gdańsk Pomerania it came under the rule of the Teutonic Knights during the 1308 Teutonic takeover of Danzig (Gdańsk). In 1348 the town received city rights under Kulm Law by Grandmaster Heinrich Dusemer.

Since 31 March 1440 Starogard was a member of the Prussian Confederation.[1] It took an active part in the 1454 uprising against the Teutonic Order that led to the Thirteen Years' War (1454–66). In 1454 the city recognized Polish King Casimir IV Jagiellon as rightful ruler. In 1461 the Teutonic Knights took over Starogard and they remained in the city until the end of the war in 1466. According to the peace treaty signed in Toruń in 1466, the city was re-incorporated into the Kingdom of Poland. It became part of the Pomeranian Voivodeship in the province of Royal Prussia. It remained under Polish rule until the first partition of Poland in 1772, when it became part of the Kingdom of Prussia.

Wiechert Palace

In 1871, a large vodka distillery was built on the western end of town, which survived both world wars and today produces Sobieski and Krupnik. It is one of Europe's oldest continuously-run vodka distilleries, and one of only a very small handful of vodka distilleries predating 1945.[2]

Until 1920 Stargard belonged to the administrative district of Regierungsbezirk Danzig in the Province of West Prussia. After World War I Stargard was incorporated into the Second Polish Republic.

Main square

After German invasion of Poland, Pomeralia was annexed at the beginning of World War II by the Nazi Germany. Between 1939-1945 Stargard was part of Regierungsbezirk Danzig in the new province of Reichsgau Danzig-West Prussia.

Beginning in September 1939 in nearby Szpęgawski Forest (north-east of the town) Germans killed in mass executions about 7000 Poles, among them 1680 Kocborowo (Konradstein) and Świecie psychiatric hospitals patients. About 500 handicapped children were killed in the hospital, in Action T4. 2,842 patients died between 1940-1944.

Number of inhabitants by year
Example of a historical townhouse on Main Square
Psychiatric hospital in the Kocborowo district
Year Number
17721,103
17821,410
18313,145
18756,022
18806,253
18907,080
190510,485
192113,360
194317,895
196025,800
197033,700
198044,200
199049,500
200149,884
201249,072

Note that the above table is based on primary, possibly biased, sources.[3][3][4][5][6]

Major corporations
Polpharma pharmaceuticals production site
  • Polpharma SA
  • Destylarnia Sobieski SA

Education
  • Pomorska Szkoła Wyższa w Starogardzie Gdańskim

Sports
Kazimierz Deyna Stadium
  • SKS Starogard Gdański, men's basketball team promoted to play in Era Basket Liga in the 2004/2005 season. The town was also home to the Polish World Cup player and Olympic Gold Medal winner Kazimierz Deyna. Deyna grew up in Starogard Gdański the local Stadion Miejski im. Kazimierza Deyny was named after him. There is also a statue to him in the seating area of the ground, and a heritage trail through the town which takes in his birthplace, family home and murals to the sportsman. Starogard Gdański also boasted Olympic bronze medal winner Oktawia Nowacka.
  • The local football club, KP Starogard Gdański play in Liga III in the Polish league system. The team play in green and white at the Stadion Miejski. In 2018, Klub Pilkarski won the Pomorskie region section of the Polish Cup and finished a club high 9th in Liga III.

Marketplace panorama
Market-place's Panorama

Famous residents
Kazimierz Deyna mural on his birth house

Partnership towns
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References
  1. Paweł Czaplewski Senatorowie świeccy, podskarbiowie i starostowie Prus Królewskich, 1454-1772, Tomy 26-28 z Roczniki Towarzystwa Naukowego w Toruniu, 1921, p. 178 Google Books
  2. "Destylarnia Sobieski S.A. w Starogardzie Gdańskim". www.wodki.gda.pl (in Polish). Retrieved 19 April 2018.
  3. Johann Friedrich Goldbeck: Volständige Topographie des Königreichs Preußen. Part II: Topographie von West-Preussen, Marienwerder 1789, pp. 62–63.
  4. Meyers Großes Konversations-Lexikon, 6th edition, Vol. 18, Leipzig and Vienna 1909, p. 857.
  5. Michael Rademacher: Deutsche Verwaltungsgeschichte Westpreußen, Kreis Preußisch Stargard (2006).
  6. August Eduard Preuß: Preußische Landes- und Volkskunde. Königsberg 1835, S. 388–389, Nr. 21.


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