Sheldrake Island
Sheldrake Island (French: l'Île aux Becs-Scies) is an island in New Brunswick, Canada, known for being the site of New Brunswick's first lazaretto. It is located only 8 miles from Chatham, on the Miramichi River.[1]
| Native name: l'Île aux Becs-Scies | |
|---|---|
| Geography | |
| Location | Miramichi River |
| Coordinates | 47.0885731°N 65.3219079°W |
| Area | 32 acres (13 ha) |
| Highest elevation | 5 m (16 ft) |
| Administration | |
Canada | |
| County | Northumberland County |
| Parish | Alnwick Parish |
| Demographics | |
| Ethnic groups | Acadians |
History
The lazaretto was established in 1844, on the site of a cholera[2] quarantine station from 1832. 44 lepers were landed in July 19,[3] 1844, the majority being Acadians,[1] from the Tracadie-Neguac area.
The island also contained housing for typhus patients, but the lepers objected to this. The arrival of a ship from Ireland with many typhus and smallpox patients forced them to be moved to Middle Island.[4]
Dr. Alexander Key, Secretary to the Board of Health for Northumberland and Gloucester, was the official in charge. The buildings were filthy with vermin. Soon the lepers lost faith in Dr. Key's remedies and began escaping. By December 18, there were only 20 left.[1]
The board recommended punishment and locking them up. The escaped lepers were hunted down and brought back in handcuffs. The lazaretto was soon surrounded by a spiked palisade 12 ft high.[5]
The inmates burned the buildings in October 1845. The quarantine station was reopened after 1847.[5]
The remaining inmates were moved to a new lazaretto in Tracadie in 1849.[5]
A temporary quarantine station was ordered to be erected on the island in March 1848. Disagreements over the matter meant that the buildings were not moved from Middle Island until April 3. A brawl erupted on the island between representatives of the Board of Health and Justices of the Peace over the matter. As a result, the buildings stayed on the ice until the order was cancelled and the buildings were moved back.[6]
Current uses
The island is mostly uninhabited, except for an historic lighthouse, known as Sheldrake Island Front Range Light.[7]
A leper's cemetery is on the island, containing 15 graves.[8]
In fiction
- Kathy Reichs' novel Bones to Ashes involves Sheldrake Island and its history as a plot point.[9]
References
- Stewart, William Brenton (1974). "Leprosy in New Brunswick". Medicine in New Brunswick. Moncton: New Brunswick Medical Society. p. 33.
- "Miramichi and Middle Island In 1847". The Ships List. January 21, 2005. Retrieved 24 July 2011.
Because of the cholera alarm in 1832, a more remote Island, Sheldrake Island, was purchased but it was not used afterwards, for some time.
- "This Week in New Brunswick History!". Heritage Branch, Wellness, Culture & Sport. 2006. Retrieved 27 July 2011.
New Brunswick's first lazaretto opens on Sheldrake Island in Miramichi Bay. [...]
- Underhill, Doug (2001). "Middle Island: Mystique, Tragedy and Romance". Proud Stories from the Miramichi. Canada: Neptune Pub. Co. pp. 96–7. ISBN 1896270239.
- Stewart, William Brenton (1974). "Leprosy in New Brunswick". Medicine in New Brunswick. Moncton: New Brunswick Medical Society. p. 34.
- Underhill, Doug (2001). "Middle Island: Mystique, Tragedy and Romance". Proud Stories from the Miramichi. Canada: Neptune Pub. Co. pp. 103–4. ISBN 1896270239.
- "Sheldrake Island Front Range Light - ARLHS CAN-941". Amateur Radio Lighthouse Society. Retrieved 24 July 2011.
- "La Léproserie de Tracadie" [The Leprosarium of Tracadie] (in French). Musée Historique de Tracadie Inc. Retrieved 2 December 2012.
- "5 results for Sheldrake". Bones to Ashes: A Novel By Kathy Reichs. Google Search. Retrieved 2 December 2012.
External links
- Historical map of the island c.1843
- Losier, M.J.; research, C. Pinet (1984). Children of Lazarus : the story of the lazaretto at Tracadie (PDF). Fredericton, N.B.: Fiddlehead Poetry Books. ISBN 0864920431 – via Catholic Health Alliance of Canada.