River Calder, Wyre

The River Calder is a 13-mile (21 km) long river that is one of the main tributaries of the River Wyre in Lancashire, England.[1] Like the other rivers in England with the name Calder, its name is thought to derive from a mixture of Old Welsh and Old British words meaning "hard and violent water or stream".[2]

River Calder
The River Calder, near its source
Physical characteristics
SourceFiendsdale Head
 • locationForest of Bowland, Lancashire
 • coordinates53°55′50.6″N 2°38′14.4″W
 • elevation1,440 feet (440 m)
MouthBarnacre-with-Bonds
 • location
Catterall
 • coordinates
53°52′55.1″N 2°46′28.8″W
 • elevation
43 feet (13 m)
Length13 miles (21 km)
Basin size11 square miles (28 km2)

Description

The river rises near Fiendsdale Head in the Forest of Bowland and flows first westwards then southwards through the villages of Oakenclough and Calder Vale[3] before passing under the M6 motorway, West Coast Main Line and under the Calder Aqueduct on Lancaster Canal.[4] It meets the Wyre at Catterall near the town of Garstang, at which point the Calder forms the boundary between the parishes of Catterall and Barnacre-with-Bonds.[5]

The Calder is one of two rivers in Lancashire with the same name; the other River Calder flows from Burnley and into the River Ribble. Just west of the M6 Motorway, a feeder section supplies water via a siphon from the River Calder to the Lancaster canal; this intake has the ability to abstract the entire flow of water from the River Calder causing critical flow conditions further west of this point to its mouth with the River Wyre.[6] Similarly, Barnacre and Grizedale Lea Reservoirs, which built in the 1800s just west of Oakenclough, can take all the flow from the upper reaches of the River Calder with no compensation during periods of low flow.[7]

Settlements

Tributaries
  • Little Calder River
  • Nanny Brook
  • Calder Dyke
  • East Grain
  • North Grain
  • The River Calder in its upper reaches
  • Mill Pond Weir St Johns Wood Calder Vale after Snowfall
  • Weir and Path Above Calder Vale
  • Calder Intake
  • River Calder going under the Calder Aqueduct
  • River Calder looking downstream from the Calder Aqueduct
gollark: Speaking more generally than the type system, Go is just really... anti-abstraction... with, well, the gimped type system, lack of much metaprogramming support, and weird special cases, and poor error handling.
gollark: - They may be working on them, but they initially claimed that they weren't necessary and they don't exist now. Also, I don't trust them to not do them wrong.- Ooookay then- Well, generics, for one: they *kind of exist* in that you can have generic maps, channels, slices, and arrays, but not anything else. Also this (https://fasterthanli.me/blog/2020/i-want-off-mr-golangs-wild-ride/), which is mostly about the file handling not being good since it tries to map on concepts which don't fit. Also channels having weird special syntax. Also `for` and `range` and `new` and `make` basically just being magic stuff which do whatever the compiler writers wanted with no consistency- see above- Because there's no generic number/comparable thing type. You would need to use `interface{}` or write a new function (with identical code) for every type you wanted to compare- You can change a signature somewhere and won't be alerted, but something else will break because the interface is no longer implemented- They are byte sequences. https://blog.golang.org/strings.- It's not. You need to put `if err != nil { return err }` everywhere.
gollark: Oh, and the error handling is terrible and it's kind of the type system's fault.
gollark: If I remember right Go strings are just byte sequences with no guarantee of being valid UTF-8, but all the functions working on them just assume they are.
gollark: Oh, and the strings are terrible.

References
  1. "Calder (Wyre)". environment.data.gov.uk. Retrieved 15 September 2017.
  2. Ekwall, Eilert (1960). The concise Oxford dictionary of English place-names (4 ed.). Oxford: Clarendon Press. p. 82. ISBN 0-19-869103-3.
  3. Baines, Thomas (2012). Lancashire and Cheshire : past and present : a comprehensive history of Cheshire, Lancashire, Manchester and Merseyside. [England]: Heritage Publications. p. 90. ISBN 978-1-4710-7838-5.
  4. Fisher, Stuart (2015). "43: Lancaster Canal". The Canal Guide; Britain's 50 Best Canals. London: Bloomsbury. p. 298. ISBN 978-1-4729-1852-9.
  5. "OL41" (Map). Forest of Bowland. 1:25,000. Explorer. Ordnance Survey. 2015. ISBN 9780319242803.
  6. EANW 1997, p. 70.
  7. EANW 1997, p. 76.

Sources



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