RT Carinae

RT Carinae, also known as CD-58 3538, is a variable star in the Carina Nebula in the constellation Carina. It has a mean apparent magnitude of +8.55.

RT Carinae

RT Carinae is the bright orange star south of the Trumpler 15 cluster.
Observation data
Epoch J2000.0      Equinox J2000.0
Constellation Carina
Right ascension  10h 44m 47.14715s[1]
Declination −59° 24′ 48.1296″[1]
Apparent magnitude (V) 8.36[2] (8.2 - 9.9[3])
Characteristics
Spectral type M2 Iab[4]
B−V color index +2.31[2]
Variable type LC[3]
Astrometry
Radial velocity (Rv)−20.91[5] km/s
Proper motion (μ) RA: −7.221[6] mas/yr
Dec.: 2.851[6] mas/yr
Parallax (π)0.3673 ± 0.0565[6] mas
Distanceapprox. 9,000 ly
(approx. 2,700 pc)
Absolute magnitude (MV)−6.74[2]
Details
Radius861[7] R☉
Luminosity (bolometric)119,000[7] - 129,000[8] L☉
Surface gravity (log g)−0.3[2] cgs
Temperature3,660±170[7] K
Other designations
RT Car, HD 303310, HIP 52562, SAO 238424, CD−58°3538, AAVSO 1040-58
Database references
SIMBADdata

RT Carinae is a red supergiant with a spectral type of M2 Iab and has a temperature of 3,660 K. With a diameter 861 times that of the Sun, it is one of the largest stars known. The luminosity is estimated to be 120,000 times more luminous than the Sun. It is close to the open cluster Trumpler 15, but is not thought to be a member.[9] It appears to be surrounded by a dusty nebula, possibly material ejected from the star itself.[10]

It is catalogued as an irregular variable star, but a number of possible pulsation periods have been detected. Analysis from observations over 40 years give variations with periods of 201 and 448 days, with other studies suggesting periods of 100 and 1,400 days.[11]

References
  1. Van Leeuwen, F. (2007). "Validation of the new Hipparcos reduction". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 474 (2): 653. arXiv:0708.1752. Bibcode:2007A&A...474..653V. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:20078357.
  2. Levesque, Emily M.; Massey, Philip; Olsen, K. A. G.; Plez, Bertrand; Josselin, Eric; Maeder, Andre; Meynet, Georges (2005). "The Effective Temperature Scale of Galactic Red Supergiants: Cool, but Not As Cool As We Thought". The Astrophysical Journal. 628 (2): 973. arXiv:astro-ph/0504337. Bibcode:2005ApJ...628..973L. doi:10.1086/430901.
  3. Samus, N. N.; Durlevich, O. V.; et al. (2009). "VizieR Online Data Catalog: General Catalogue of Variable Stars (Samus+ 2007-2013)". VizieR On-line Data Catalog: B/gcvs. Originally Published in: 2009yCat....102025S. 1. Bibcode:2009yCat....102025S.
  4. Keenan, P.; McNeil, R. (October 1989). "The Perkins catalog of revised MK types for the cooler stars". Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 71: 245–266. Bibcode:1989ApJS...71..245K. doi:10.1086/191373.
  5. Mermilliod, J. C.; Mayor, M.; Udry, S. (2008). "Red giants in open clusters. XIV. Mean radial velocities for 1309 stars and 166 open clusters". Astronomy and Astrophysics. 485: 303. Bibcode:2008A&A...485..303M. CiteSeerX 10.1.1.30.7545. doi:10.1051/0004-6361:200809664.
  6. Brown, A. G. A.; et al. (Gaia collaboration) (August 2018). "Gaia Data Release 2: Summary of the contents and survey properties". Astronomy & Astrophysics. 616. A1. arXiv:1804.09365. Bibcode:2018A&A...616A...1G. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201833051. Gaia DR2 record for this source at VizieR.
  7. Messineo, M.; Brown, A. G. A. (2019). "A Catalog of Known Galactic K-M Stars of Class I Candidate Red Supergiants in Gaia DR2". The Astronomical Journal. 158 (1): 20. arXiv:1905.03744. Bibcode:2019AJ....158...20M. doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ab1cbd.
  8. Davies, Ben; Beasor, Emma R. (March 2020). "The `red supergiant problem': the upper luminosity boundary of Type II supernova progenitors". MNRAS. 493 (1): 468–476. arXiv:2001.06020. Bibcode:2020MNRAS.493..468D. doi:10.1093/mnras/staa174.
  9. Smith, Nathan (2006). "A census of the Carina Nebula - I. Cumulative energy input from massive stars". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 367 (2): 763. arXiv:astro-ph/0601060. Bibcode:2006MNRAS.367..763S. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2006.10007.x.
  10. Forte, J. C.; Marraco, H. G. (1986). "RT Carinae; a late type supergiant within an elongated dusty nebula". Astrophysical Letters. 25: 39. Bibcode:1986ApL....25...39F.
  11. Kiss, L. L.; Szabó, Gy. M.; Bedding, T. R. (2006). "Variability in red supergiant stars: Pulsations, long secondary periods and convection noise". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 372 (4): 1721. arXiv:astro-ph/0608438. Bibcode:2006MNRAS.372.1721K. doi:10.1111/j.1365-2966.2006.10973.x.
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