RAF Middleton St George

RAF Middleton St. George was a Royal Air Force (RAF) Bomber Command station during World War II. It was located in County Durham, five miles east of Darlington, England. The stations' motto was Shield and Deter.[1]

RAF Goosepool RAF Middleton St. George
A crew of No. 78 Squadron RAF watch as engine adjustments are made to an Armstrong Whitworth Whitley bomber, Z6743, before they take off for a raid from Middleton St George.
IATA: none ICAO: none
Summary
Airport type	Military
Owner	Air Ministry
Operator	Royal Air Force Royal Canadian Air Force
Location	Middleton St. George
Coordinates	54°30′33″N 001°25′46″W
Map
RAF Middleton St. George Location in County Durham
Runways
Direction Length Surface ft m 05/23 7,516 2,291 Concrete 01/19 3,300 1,006 Concrete 10/28 4,200 1,280 Concrete

RAF. Middleton St. George August 1960

History

Second World War

Like many similar airfields; RAF Middleton St George was commissioned in 1938 in anticipation of WWII and opened in 1941 under the auspices of Bomber Command. Contrary to popular belief the airfield was never called RAF Goosepool, Goosepool being the name of the farm which made way for the airfield, with the name sticking amongst the local population. In 1943 it was allocated to No. 6 Group, Royal Canadian Air Force.[2] A sub-station was located at RAF Croft, Yorkshire.[3] Squadrons based here include: 76 Squadron, which flew Handley Page Halifaxes, 78 Squadron, which flew Armstrong Whitworth Whitleys, 419 Squadron RCAF, which flew Vickers Wellingtons, Halifaxes, and Avro Lancasters, 420 Squadron RCAF, which flew Wellingtons, and 428 Squadron RCAF, which flew Wellingtons, Halifaxes, and Lancasters.[4]

Andrew Mynarski, a member of 419 Squadron RCAF at Middleton St. George, was posthumously awarded the Victoria Cross. It was bestowed for his actions on 13 June 1944, in a raid on Cambrai, France, in support of the Normandy landings. A statue of Mynarski was dedicated in 2005 outside the former Officers' Mess.

A memorial garden for all aircrew at Middleton St. George is also located near the Mess.[5]

Post war

After the war, the aerodrome served various squadrons and units including No. 13 Operational Training Unit (OTU), No. 2 Air Navigation School, No. 4 Flying Training School, and squadrons that used Gloster Meteors, Hawker Hunters, Gloster Javelins and English Electric Lightnings.[6] In 1947, the airfield became a satellite station of RAF Leeming, North Yorkshire.[7]

In 1962 Flying Officer Jean Oakes became the first woman to fly at over 1,000 mph. The London Times of 14 September 1962 reported that from RAF Middleton St George, she took over the controls from Flight Lieutenant John Smith and flew up and down the north east coast at about 1.6 mach.

The RAF left the station in 1964, but the aerodrome was reopened in 1966 as a civil airport.[8] The airfield was named Teesside International Airport in the 1960s, and was renamed Durham Tees Valley Airport in 2004.[9] In the late 1980s the entire Married Quarter housing estate was sold to Roger Byron-Collins' company the Welbeck Estate Group and following all the housing being upgraded it was reopened by the local Mayor naming it The Virginia Estate after Welbeck's USA office in Arlington Virginia.[10]

From 1968 to 1979, some of the former station buildings housed Middleton St George College of Education, a teacher training college.[11]

The officers' mess at the base was converted into the St George Hotel, complete with the RAF Middleton St George museum. The hotel was mothballed in late 2018, the museum is to be relocated in the future.[12][13]

Units and aircraft

Unit	Dates	Aircraft	Variant	Notes
No. 33 Squadron RAF	1958–1962	Gloster Javelin	FAW.7 and FAW.9 from 1960	Twin-engined jet fighter/interceptor.[14]
No. 76 Squadron RAF	1941–1942	Handley Page Halifax	Mks.I and II	Four-engined piston heavy bomber.[15]
No. 78 Squadron RAF	1941	Armstrong Whitworth Whitley	Mk.V	Twin-engined medium bomber.[15]
	1942	Handley Page Halifax	Mk.II	Four-engined piston heavy bomber.[15]
No. 92 Squadron RAF	1957 1958-1960	Hawker Hunter	F.6	Single-engined jet fighter/fighter-bomber.[16]
No. 264 Squadron RAF	1957	Gloster Meteor	NF.14	Twin-engined jet night-fighter.[17]
No. 419 Squadron RCAF	1942–1944	Handley Page Halifax	Mk.II	Four-engined piston heavy bomber.[18]
	1944–1945	Avro Lancaster	Mk.X	Four-engined piston heavy bomber.[18]
No. 420 Squadron RCAF	1942–1943	Vickers Wellington	Mks.III and later X before move to North Africa	Twin-engined medium bomber.[18]
No. 428 Squadron RCAF	1943–1944	Handley Page Halifax	Mks.V and II	Four-engined piston heavy bomber.[18]
	1944–1945	Avro Lancaster	Mk.X	Four-engined piston heavy bomber.[18]

• 1947-1948 No. 13 Operational Training Unit RAF de Havilland Mosquito Mk.T3 & Mk 6.
• 1951-1953 No. 205 Advanced Flying School RAF Gloster Meteor Mk7 & Mk 8.[19]
• 1963-1964 No. 226 Operational Conversion Unit RAF English Electric Lightning[20]

References

Citations

1. Pine, L.G. (1983). A dictionary of mottoes (1 ed.). London: Routledge & Kegan Paul. p. 212. ISBN 0-7100-9339-X.
2. "Stations-M". www.rafweb.org. Retrieved 4 November 2017.
3. Halpenny 1982, p. 54.
4. Delve 2006, p. 197.
5. Middleton St George Memorial Association: http://www.middleton-st-george-memorial-association.org/ ; The Wartime Memories Project: "RAF Middleton St. George During the Second World War." https://wartimememoriesproject.com/ww2/airfields/airfield.php?pid=1804
6. Halpenny 1982, pp. 149–150.
7. Coupland, Peter (1997). Straight and True. Barnsley: Pen and Sword. p. 61. ISBN 0-85052-569-1.
8. Halpenny 1982, pp. 150–151.
9. Lloyd, Chris (24 January 2015). "Getting airborne at Middleton St George 50 years ago". The Northern Echo. Retrieved 4 November 2017.
10. https://www.twsg.co.uk/
11. Reunion website
12. "A Brief History of Middleton St George from 1800" (PDF). Middleton-st-george.org. p. 11. Retrieved 2 June 2018.
13. Teesside Live Website | [url=https://www.gazettelive.co.uk/news/teesside-news/everything-must-go-entire-contents-15542008
14. Jefford 1988, p. 36.
15. Jefford 1988, p. 48.
16. Jefford 1988, p. 52.
17. Jefford 1988, p. 80.
18. Jefford 1988, p. 91.
19. Wilson, Keith (2015). RAF in camera 1950s. Barnsley: Pen & Sword. p. 111. ISBN 978-1-4738-2795-0.
20. "Middleton St. George (Durham Tees Valley) - Airfields of Britain Conservation Trust UK". www.abct.org.uk. Retrieved 4 November 2017.

Bibliography

• Delve, Ken (2006). The Military Airfields of Britain, Northern England: Co. Durham, Cumbria, Isle of Man, Lancashire, Merseyside, Manchester, Northumberland, Tyne & Wear, Yorkshire. Marlborough: Crowood Press. ISBN 1-86126-809-2.
• Halley, James J. (1988). The Squadrons of the Royal Air Force & Commonwealth, 1918-1988. Tonbridge, Kent, UK: Air-Britain (Historians) Ltd. ISBN 0-85130-164-9.
• Halpenny, Brue Barrymore (1982). Action Stations 4; Military Airfields of Yorkshire. Cambridge: Patrick Stephens ltd. ISBN 0-85059-532-0.
• Jefford, C G (1988). RAF Squadrons. A comprehensive record of the movement and equipment of all RAF squadrons and their antecedents since 1912. Shrewsbury: Airlife. ISBN 1-85310-053-6.
• Moyes, Philip J.R. (1976). Bomber Squadrons of the RAF and their Aircraft. London: Macdonald and Jane's (Publishers) Ltd. ISBN 0-354-01027-1.

External links

• 76 Squadron History
• 78 Squadron history and current status
• 419 Squadron History
• 420 Squadron History
• 428 Squadron History
• 608 Squadron History