Rüstem Pasha Medrese

Rüstem Pasha Medrese (Turkish: Rüstem Paşa Medresesi) is a former medrese, located in Fatih district of Istanbul, Turkey, formerly known in English as Constantinople. It was commissioned by Ottoman statesman and grand vizier Rüstem Pasha, and built by court architect Mimar Sinan in 1551.[1]

Rüstem Pasha Medrese
Aview of the courtyard with şadırvan
Religion
Affiliation	Islam
District	Fatih
Province	Istanbul in the center.
Location
Location	Fatih, Istanbul, Turkey
Location of Rüstem Pasha Medrese in Fatih district, Istanbul, Turkey.
Geographic coordinates	41°00′47.4″N 28°58′20.8″E
Architecture
Architect(s)	Mimar Sinan
Type	Medrese
Style	Ottoman architecture
Completed	1551 (1551)
Specifications
Length	43 m (141 ft)
Width	42 m (138 ft)
Materials	ashlar, brick

History

Rüstem Pasha Medrese is situated at Rüstempaşa Street 34 in Sururi neighborhood of Fatih district in old Istanbul. It was commissioned by Ottoman statesman and grand vizier Rüstem Pasha (c. 1500-1561). It was built by the court architect Mimar Sinan ( c. 1488/1490-1588), and completed in 1550-1551.[1][2]

Ihe building was used as a medresa, an institution for religious education, until 1869. It was occupied by the victims of the 1918 fire. Duringtrhe Republican Era (aftr 1923), the building served in the beginning as orphanage, and after 1966 as dormitory for university students. From 1987 on, it has been used by the local Social Assistance and Solidarity Foundation of Eminönü.[2]

The building's facades suffered damage by athmospheric effects, fires around it and waste water caused by blocaked sewage system. Restoration work, which began in 2006, completed in 2011.[1]

Bediüzzaman Museum

A view from theBediüzzaman Museum inside the Rüstem Pasha Medrese.

In October 2012, Bediüzzaman Museum (Turkish: Bediüzzaman Said Nursi ve Risale-i Nur Müzesi) was established inside the medrese building occupying two chambers, one of which is a former cell-like student room. It is dedicated to the life and work of the Kurdish Sunni Muslim theologian Said Nursî (1877–1960).[3]

Architecture

A round column (mid) and a polygonal column (left) of the courtyard's colonnade.

It is constructed on a hillside down to the Golden Horn over a platform raising from the gound in the north. The northeastern wall of the medrese building is about 7.50 m (24.6 ft) back from the supporting wall of the platform in the north.[1]

It is designed in an octagonal courtyard inside a quasi-square plan. Mimar Sinan repeated the octagonal design after the Kapı Ağa Medrese (built 1488) in Amasya, differing from the original in the square-plan outer walls, which measure 42 m × 43 m (138 ft × 141 ft) in length.[2] It is built of ashlar and bricks. Entrance to the medrese via courtyard is through an arch gate in the middle of the southeastern wing. In the center of the courtyard,a a shadirvan with pyramid-like roof is situated. The courtyard is surrounded by colonnaded verandas in front of 22 student rooms and classrooms covered by domes. The student rooms are cell-like while classrooms are relative bigger chambers. The chambers are one step higher than the veranda ground, and are entered by a flat-arch door. The student room interiors have barred windows facing to the courtyard, and arched niches. There are 24 smaller domes carried by a colonnade of 24marvle columns in front of a veranda around the octagonal courtyard. 16 columns are round while 8 columns standing at the corners of the octagonal colonnade are polygonal. The domes of therooms are connected at the interior by triangle-formed vaulted muqarnas. At the middle of the southeastern facade, a mihrab takes place, which is supposed to be added in a later time. A two story annex with a big dome is sitıated at the southeastern side of the medrese. It has two rectangular barred windows in the ground floor and three arched windows on the fşoor above. It is believed that the chamber at the southern corner was a bath or a kitches due to its different type of roof.[2]

References

1. "Rüstempaşa Medresesi" (in Turkish). Fatih Belediyesi. Retrieved 10 June 2019.
2. "Cagaloglu Rustem Pasa Medresesi" (in Turkish). TAS Istanbul. Retrieved 29 June 2019.
3. "Bediüzzaman müzesi açıldı". Yeni Şafak (in Turkish). 14 October 2012. Retrieved 3 July 2019.