Pulkovo Aviation Enterprise Flight 9560

Pulkovo Aviation Enterprise Flight 9560 was a repositioning flight from Sheremetyevo International Airport in Moscow to Pulkovo Airport in St. Petersburg. On 28 July 2002, the Ilyushin Il-86 aircraft operating the flight crashed after take-off from Sheremetyevo.[1] 14 of the 16 crew members on board (and the only occupants of the aircraft) were killed.

Pulkovo Aviation Enterprise Flight 9560
RA-86060, the aircraft involved in the accident
Accident
Date28 July 2002 (2002-07-28)
SummaryHorizontal stabilizer malfunction
Sitenear Sheremetyevo International Airport, Moscow, Russia
55°59′18″N 37°28′59″E
Aircraft
Aircraft typeIlyushin Il-86
OperatorPulkovo Aviation Enterprise
IATA flight No.FV9560
ICAO flight No.PLK9560
Call signPulkovo 9560
RegistrationRA-86060
Flight originSheremetyevo International Airport, Moscow
1st stopoverPulkovo Airport, St Petersburg
2nd stopoverSochi International Airport, Sochi
Last stopoverSheremetyevo International Airport, Moscow
DestinationPulkovo Airport, St Petersburg
Occupants16
Passengers0
Crew16
Fatalities14
Injuries2
Survivors2

This is the deadliest aviation accident involving the Ilyushin Il-86.[2]

Aircraft

The aircraft involved was a 21-year-old Ilyushin Il-86 registered as RA-86060, (factory no. 51483203027, serial no. 027) The aircraft was produced by the Voronezh Aircraft Manufacturing Company (VASO) on 29 October 1983 and was delivered to Aeroflot on 23 November the same year. The aircraft was then transferred to Pulkovo in 1992. The aircraft was powered by four Kuznetsov NK-86 turbojet engines and had flown 18,363 hours up until the day of the accident.[3]

Crew

The flight crew included:

  • The captain was 51-year-old Konstantin Ivanovich Ivanov. He had over 13,000 hours of flight experience, including more than 5,900 hours on the Il-86 (4,000 hours as captain).
  • The first officer was 52-year-old Vladimir Andreevich Voronov, who had 11,300 flight hours, including more than 2,200 hours on the Il-86.
  • The flight navigator was 51-year-old Valery Andreevich Shcherbina, who had over 13,000 flight hours, including more than 7,100 hours on the Il-86.
  • The flight engineer was 60-year-old Boris Nikolayevich Kushnerov, who had more than 14,000 flight hours, including more than 6,000 hours on the Il-86.

10 flight attendants were on board and two engineers were also on board.

Crash

After a chartered return flight between Moscow, St. Petersburg and Sochi, the flight took off from Sheremetyevo Airport in Moscow at 15:25 MSK, bound for Pulkovo Airport in St. Petersburg with 16 crew members on board.

According to Vadim Sanjarov, the Administrative Director of Sheremetyevo Airport, the plane took off at a speed of 350 km/h (220 mph; 190 kn) and began to climb normally. Two seconds after takeoff however, both horizontal tail stabilizers suddenly moved to the stick-trim fully aft position. The pilots did not have time to rectify the situation and use the backup stabilizer control. According to various sources, the plane fell from a height of 200 or 600 m (660 or 1,970 ft), with decreased engine power.[4][5][6][7]

The aircraft then banked left, stalled, and crashed into the ground, exploding and bursting into flames on impact. However, one of the flight attendants stated that there was no explosion.[4] 14 of the 16 crew members, including all four flight crew members, both engineers, and 8 of the 10 flight attendants, were killed. The two survivors were flight attendants Tatiana Moiseeva and Arina Vinogradova.[4]

Investigation

The accident was investigated by the Interstate Aviation Committee (IAC). Investigators considered how the horizontal tail stabilizers switched to the nose-heavy position, which caused a steep angle during takeoff, causing the aircraft to enter a stall and crash.[4][5][8]

The version of failure of one of the aircraft engines was also expressed. According to her, due to the lack of cargo and passengers, engine speed exceeded the permissible rate, which led to its breakdown. Flight attendant Arina Vinogradova stated that the aircraft encountered turbulence before the crash.[4] Although shaking could be a sign of exceeding the maximum allowable angle of attack and loss of speed, which immediately preceded the stall. Weather conditions and ornithological conditions at the time of the disaster were normal.[4]

The IAC was unable to determine how the stabilizers switched to the nose-down position. The main version stated that it was caused by pilot error.

Aftermath

The IAC temporarily suspended the Il-86's type certificate.[9]

According to Vladimir Kofman, the Chairman of the Commission for the investigation of aviation accidents, a post-crash analysis of 2,000 flights of the ill-fated aircraft revealed frequent flight safety violations, including improper use of the stabilizers.[10]

Memorial
The mass grave of nine of the 14 flight crew members of flight 9560
The memorial at the crash site

Nine of the victims were buried in a communal grave in St. Petersburg.

At crash site, a cross was installed. The cross nameplate that lists the names of all the victims.

gollark: Lower clocks? I guess so.
gollark: In what way?
gollark: What's mg?
gollark: I see.
gollark: So they just downclock horribly if you do anything multicore.

References
  1. "Самолет Ил-86 упал при взлете из "Шереметьева"" [The IL-86 fell during takeoff from the Sheremetyevo]. NEWSru.com (in Russian). 2002-07-28. Retrieved 2019-04-10.
  2. Ranter, Harro. "ASN Aircraft accident Ilyushin Il-86 RA-86060 Moskva-Sheremetyevo Airport (SVO)". aviation-safety.net. Retrieved 2019-04-10.
  3. "✈ russianplanes.net ✈ наша авиация" [✈ russianplanes.net ✈ our aircraft]. russianplanes.net (in Russian). Retrieved 2019-04-09.
  4. "Стюардесса рассказывает о последних мгновениях на борту погибшего Ил-86" [Stewardess tells about the last moments on board the deceased IL-86]. NEWSru.com (in Russian). 2002-07-29. Retrieved 2019-04-10.
  5. "Эксперты установили причину катастрофы Ил-86 в "Шереметьево"" [Experts have established the cause of the accident IL-86 in "Sheremetyevo"]. Lenta.ru (in Russian). 10 September 2003. Archived from the original on 11 September 2016. Retrieved 2019-04-10.
  6. "Обнародованы новые данные по катастрофам Ил-86, Ту-154 и Су-27" [New data on the Il-86, Tu-154 and Su-27 catastrophes]. NEWSru.com (in Russian). 2002-08-06. Retrieved 2019-04-10.
  7. "ИЛ-86 мог разбиться из-за проблем в управлении стабилизатором". Росбалт (in Russian). Retrieved 2019-04-10.
  8. "Газета.Ru - МАК запрещает полеты Ил-86" [MAK bans IL-86 flights]. www.gazeta.ru (in Russian). Retrieved 2019-04-10.
  9. "Полеты Ил-86 могут быть запрещены из-за катастрофы в "Шереметьево"" [Il-86 flights may be banned due to a disaster at Sheremetyevo]. NEWSru.com (in Russian). 2003-02-13. Retrieved 2019-04-10.
  10. "Безопасность самоубийц" [Suicide safety]. www.rg.ru. 17 April 2003. Retrieved 2019-04-10.
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