Ponerorchis joo-iokiana

Ponerorchis joo-iokiana is a species of flowering plant in the family Orchidaceae, native to norther Korea and Japan (central Honshu).[1]

Ponerorchis joo-iokiana
On Mount Hijiri, Japan
Scientific classification
Kingdom: Plantae
Clade: Tracheophytes
Clade: Angiosperms
Clade: Monocots
Order: Asparagales
Family: Orchidaceae
Subfamily: Orchidoideae
Genus: Ponerorchis
Species:
P. joo-iokiana
Binomial name
Ponerorchis joo-iokiana
(Makino) Nakai[1]
Synonyms[1]
  • Orchis joo-iokiana Makino
  • Ponerorchis pauciflora var. joo-iokiana (Makino) Ohwi
  • Chusua joo-iokiana (Makino) P.F.Hunt
  • Orchis matsumurana Schltr.
  • Orchis joo-iokiana var. coreana Ohwi
  • Ponerorchis joo-iokiana var. coreana (Ohwi) Soó

Description

Ponerorchis joo-iokiana is a herbaceous perennial growing from an ovoid tuber. It reaches a height of 10–30 cm. It has one to three leaves, 4–8 cm long, with bases that surround the stem. The inflorescence consists of a few flowers arranged loosely rather than in a dense spike. Each flower is about 20 mm across, reddish purple overall. The upper (dorsal) sepal is about 10 mm long. The lip or labellum is about 15 mm long, divided into three relatively broad lobes, the middle one being the longest and sometimes further divided. A spur is present, 15–20 mm long, longer than the ovary.[2]

Leaves
Flower

Taxonomy

Ponerorchis joo-iokiana was first described by Tomitaro Makino in 1902, as Orchis joo-iokiana. It was later transferred to Chusua (now a synonym of Ponerorchis) and then to Ponerorchis.[1] A molecular phylogenetic study in 2015 suggested that it formed a related group of species with P. alpestris, P. kiraishiensis, P. sichuanica and P. chusua and was not closely related to other Ponerorchis species from Japan.[3]

Distribution and habitat

Ponerorchis joo-iokiana is native to the north of Korea and to Honshu in Japan (the Chubu and Kanto regions).[1][2] In Japan it is found in the subalpine zone, in open grassland.[2]

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References
  1. "Ponerorchis joo-iokiana", World Checklist of Selected Plant Families, Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew, retrieved 2018-03-24
  2. Stewart, Joyce (1994), "Ponerorchis: alpine orchid gems from Japan", The New Plantsman, 1 (1): 29–35
  3. Tang, Ying; Yukawa, Tomohisa; Bateman, Richard M.; Jiang, Hong & Peng, Hua (2015), "Phylogeny and classification of the East Asian Amitostigma alliance (Orchidaceae: Orchideae) based on six DNA markers", BMC Evolutionary Biology, 15: 96, doi:10.1186/s12862-015-0376-3, PMC 4479074, PMID 26006185
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