pip (package manager)

pip is a de facto standard package-management system used to install and manage software packages written in Python.[4] Many packages can be found in the default source for packages and their dependencies — Python Package Index (PyPI).[5]

pip
An output of pip --help
Original author(s)Ian Bicking
Initial release4 April 2011 (2011-04-04)[1]
Stable release
20.2 / 29 July 2020 (2020-07-29)[2]
Repository
Written inPython
Operating systemOS-independent
PlatformPython
TypePackage management system
LicenseMIT[3]
Websitepip.pypa.io

Most distributions of Python come with pip preinstalled. Python 2.7.9 and later (on the python2 series), and Python 3.4 and later include pip (pip3 for Python 3) by default.[6]

First introduced as pyinstall in 2008 by Ian Bicking (the creator of the virtualenv package) as an alternative to easy_install,[7][8] pip was chosen as the new name from one of several suggestions that the creator received on his blog post.[9] According to Bicking himself, the name is an acronym for "Pip Installs Packages".[10] In 2011, the Python Packaging Authority (PyPA) was created to take over the maintenance of pip and virtualenv from Bicking, led by Carl Meyer, Brian Rosner, and Jannis Leidel.[8]

Command-line interface
An output of pip install virtualenv

One major advantage of pip is the ease of its command-line interface, which makes installing Python software packages as easy as issuing a command:

pip install some-package-name

Users can also easily remove the package:

pip uninstall some-package-name

Most importantly pip has a feature to manage full lists of packages and corresponding version numbers, possible through a "requirements" file.[5] This permits the efficient re-creation of an entire group of packages in a separate environment (e.g. another computer) or virtual environment. This can be achieved with a properly formatted file and the following command[11], where requirements.txt is the name of the file:

pip install -r requirements.txt

Install some package for a specific version python, where ${version} is replaced for 2, 3, 3.4, etc.:

pip${version} install some-package-name
gollark: Other human subspecies. It's not actually very scary.
gollark: I see.
gollark: I, at least, do not really want to be stuck with today's hardware limitations forever.
gollark: Which one?
gollark: I mostly meant that it is quite complex to make and if you want nicer ones you need to throw even more industry at it.

See also

References
  1. Release 1.0
  2. "Release Notes". Retrieved 30 July 2020.
  3. "pip/LICENSE.txt". Github. 17 April 2018. Archived from the original on 1 June 2018. Retrieved 1 June 2018.
  4. Kollár, László. "Managing Python packages the right way". Opensource.com. Red Hat. Retrieved 23 June 2019.
  5. "pip documentation". The pip developers. Retrieved 5 January 2012.
  6. "pip installation". Retrieved 24 February 2015.
  7. Bicking, Ian (24 September 2008). "pyinstall: A New Hope". Archived from the original on 27 September 2008. Retrieved 4 March 2020.
  8. "Packaging History". Python Packaging Authority. Retrieved 4 March 2020.
  9. Bicking, Ian (1 October 2008). "pyinstall pybundles". Retrieved 4 March 2020.
  10. Bicking, Ian (28 October 2008). "pyinstall is dead, long live pip!". Retrieved 4 March 2020.
  11. Gahlot, Gaurav (6 November 2018). "Most Important pip Commands for a Python Developer - DZone Open Source". dzone.com. Retrieved 23 June 2019.
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