PTRS-41

The PTRS-41 or Simonov anti-tank rifle (Russian: ПротивоТанковое Ружьё Симонова)[3] is the semi-automatic analog of the PTRD-41 anti-tank rifle.

PTRS-41
PTRS
TypeAnti-tank rifle
Place of originSoviet Union
Service history
In service1941–Present
Used bySoviet Union, North Korea, China, Sudan, Novorossiyan rebels
WarsWorld War II
Korean War
Chinese Civil War
Lebanese Civil War
Syrian Civil War[1]
War in Donbass[2]
Production history
DesignerSergei Gavrilovich Simonov
Designed1938
Produced1941–1945
Specifications
Mass20.3 kg (46 lbs)
Length2100 mm (83 in)
Barrel length1219 mm (47 in)
Cartridge14.5×114mm
ActionGas-operated; short stroke gas piston, vertically tilting bolt[3]
Muzzle velocity1,013 m/s (3,323 ft/s)
Effective firing range800 m (874.9 yd) (against armored vehicles)
Maximum firing range1,500 m (1,640.4 yd) (against armored vehicles)
Feed system5-round (in clip) integral magazine

Design
14.5mm anti-tank rifles PTRD-41 and PTRS-41

The PTRS-41 was produced and used by the Soviet Union during World War II. In the years between the World Wars, the Soviet Union began experimenting with different types of armour-piercing anti-tank cartridges. Finding the 12.7×108mm insufficient, they began development of what became the 14.5×114mm armour-piercing round. Rukavishnikov developed an antitank rifle (ru:Противотанковое ружьё Рукавишникова) designated M1939 to accommodate this cartridge, but it didn't have large success because of some manufacturing issues, a sufficient number of more effective anti-tank guns in the Red Army, and high expectations about new German tank armour. In 1941, the loss of huge amounts of anti-tank artillery created a need for a stop-gap anti-tank weapon, so famous USSR weapons designers such as Vasily A. Degtyaryov and Sergei G. Simonov designed two anti-tank rifles. Both were considered simpler and more suitable to wartime production than an updated Rukavishnikov rifle. Simonov used elements of his 1938 design, a 7.62mm automatic rifle.

The five-round magazine is loaded into the receiver and held under pressure by a swing magazine underneath. On firing the last round, the bolt is held open, and the magazine release catch can be operated only when the bolt is locked back. The gas-operated PTRS has a tendency to jam when dirty, and the 14.5mm cartridge produces significant residue, blocking the gas port. The 14.5mm armour-piercing bullet has a muzzle velocity of 1013 m/s and devastating ballistics. It can penetrate an armour plate up to 40 mm thick at a distance of 100 meters.[3]

In 1943 Simonov used a scaled-down PTRS-41 design for the SKS-45, that would accommodate the new 1943 designed M/43 7.62×39mm cartridge.

History
PTRS-41 during World War II.
PTRS rifle at Great Patriotic War museum in Smolensk

Along with his partner Vasily Degtyaryov, Sergei Gavrilovich Simonov helped the Soviet Union develop new weapons between the First and Second World War. During this time, Degtyaryov went on to create the PTRD-41 while Simonov created and designed its cousin rifle, the PTRS-41 in 1938. As one of Simonov's creations, the PTRS-41 was sometimes known as simply the "Simonov" on the battlefield. Although more advanced, the PTRS was harder to use and less reliable than the cheaper PTRD while yielding similar performance, so the PTRD was used more often.

The semi-automatic anti-tank rifle was used extensively on the Eastern Front in World War II. It was used successfully by Hero of the Soviet Union Sergeant Yakov Pavlov during the Battle of Stalingrad when the NCO led the defence of Pavlov's House in the city. After he mounted rifles on the building's roof. Because the rifles were effective against thin armor at close range, they were able to destroy numerous German Panzers that came into range because they could shoot through the thin armor on their turret-roofs.[4] Guns captured by the Germans were given the designation 14.5 mm PzB 784(r).[5]

The AT gun was used again by Communist-backed forces in the Korean War and Chinese Civil War.

PTRS-41 rifles are still in use by Donbass militiamen in Ukraine, during the Donbass War, due to their ability to penetrate APC armor.[6] The ammunition used is actual World War II vintage.[7] One of the rifles was fitted with a nonorganic muzzle brake from a PTRD.

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See also

References
  1. https://armedforcesweekly.com/syrian-rebels-using-ptrs-41-anti-tank-rifle-syrian-national-army/
  2. https://sovietarmorer.wordpress.com/2014/10/13/ptrs-41-and-ptrs-41-rifles-in-action-at-the-conflict-in-ukraine/
  3. "Modern Firearms, Simonov PTRS". Retrieved 18 February 2012.
  4. "Pavlov's House". www.stalingrad.net. Retrieved 9 July 2019.
  5. Chamberlain, Peter (1974). Anti-tank weapons. Gander, Terry. New York: Arco Pub. Co. p. 57. ISBN 0668036079. OCLC 1299755.
  6. Jenzen-Jones, N.R.; Ferguson, Jonathan (2014). Raising Red Flags: An Examination of Arms & Munitions in the Ongoing Conflict in Ukraine. Armament Research Services Pty. Ltd. p. 43. ISBN 9780992462437.
  7. Бойовики на Донеччині викрали з музею протитанкову зброю Fakty i Kommentarii, 12 May 2014
  8. Jenzen-Jones, N.R.; Ferguson, Jonathan (2014). Raising Red Flags: An Examination of Arms & Munitions in the Ongoing Conflict in Ukraine (PDF). Armament Research Services Pty. Ltd. p. 43. ISBN 9780992462437.

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